History of changes

• ALLANTONEMATIDAE Chitwood & Chitwood, 1937.

History of changes

• CONTORTYLENCHINAE Rühm, 1956.

History of changes

• Contortylenchus Ruhm, W. 1956. Die Nematoden der Ipiden. Parasitologische Schriftenreihe 6: 1-437 [130].

  Type species:

   Allantonema diplogaster Linstow, 1890 by original designation.

Distribution

History of changes

• Aphelenchulus grandicolli Massey, C.L. 1957. Four new species of Aphelenchulus (Nematoda) parasitic in bark beetles in the United States. Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington 24: 29-34 [32].

Generic Combinations

• Contortylenchus grandicolli (Massey, 1957). —
  Ruhm, W. 1960. Ein Beitrag zur Nomenklatur und Systematik einiger mit Scolytiten vergesellschafteter Nematodenarten. Zoologischer Anzeiger 164(5-6): 201-213 [202]

Distribution

Ecological Descriptors

Parasitic (host(s): Ips grandicollis (Eichhoff, 1868) [CURCULIONIDAE] Eastern Five-spined Ips).

History of changes

• Contortylenchus spp. Davies, K.A. 2011. Nematodes identified by K.A. Davies from slides of the Waite Nematode Collection. Waite Campus of The University of Adelaide. [Waite Nematode Collection WNC 660, WNC 951]

Distribution

Ecological Descriptors

Parasitic (host(s): Phoracantha frass [CERAMBYCIDAE]).

History of changes

History of changes

• PAURODONTINAE Thorne, 1949.

  Type genus:

   Paurodontus Thorne, 1941.

History of changes

• Paurodontus Thorne, G. 1941. Some nematodes of the family Tylenchidae which do not possess a valvular median esophageal bulb. Great Basin Naturalist 1941: 37-85 [51].

  Type species:

   Paurodontus gracilis Thorne, 1941 by original designation.

History of changes

• Paurodontus apiticus Thorne, G. 1941. Some nematodes of the family Tylenchidae which do not possess a valvular median esophageal bulb. Great Basin Naturalist 1941: 37-85 [53].

Generic Combinations

• Paurodontella apitica (Thorne, 1941). —
  Husain, S.I. & Khan, A.M. 1968. Paurodontella n.gen. and three new species of nematodes from North India (Nematoda: Neotylenchidae). Nematologica 13(4): 493-500 [494]

Ecological Descriptors

Plant parasite.

History of changes

• Paurodontus densus Thorne, G. 1941. Some nematodes of the family Tylenchidae which do not possess a valvular median esophageal bulb. Great Basin Naturalist 1941: 37-85 [52].

Generic Combinations

• Paurodontella densa (Thorne, 1941). —
  Husain, S.I. & Khan, A.M. 1968. Paurodontella n.gen. and three new species of nematodes from North India (Nematoda: Neotylenchidae). Nematologica 13(4): 493-500 [494]

Ecological Descriptors

Plant parasite.

History of changes

• Paurodontus gracilis Thorne, G. 1941. Some nematodes of the family Tylenchidae which do not possess a valvular median esophageal bulb. Great Basin Naturalist 1941: 37-85 [51].

Ecological Descriptors

Plant parasite.

History of changes

• Paurodontus sp. McLeod, R., Reay, F. & Smyth, J. 1994. Plant Nematodes of Australia Listed by Plant and by Genus. NSW Agriculture and RIRDC. 201 pp. [167]

Ecological Descriptors

Plant parasite.

History of changes

• FERGUSOBIINAE Goodey, 1963.

  Type genus:

   Fergusobia Currie, 1937.

History of changes

• Fergusobia Currie, G.A. 1937. Galls on eucalyptus trees. A new type of association between flies and nematodes. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 62(3/4): 147-174 [as subgenus Anguillulina (Fergusobia), elevated to genus status by Christie, 1941].

  Type species:

   Anguillulina (Fergusobia) tumifaciens Currie, 1937 (= Fergusobia tumifaciens (Currie, 1937) Wachek, 1955 (type lost)) by original designation.
• Dorsalla Jairajpuri, M.S. 1966. Dorsalla indica (Jairajpuri, 1962) n.comb. (Nematoda: Neotylenchidae). Labdev Journal of Science and Technology 4(2): 142-143 [142].

Introduction

"Together, nematodes of the genus Fergusobia Currie 1937 (Christie 1941) (Tylenchida: Neotylenchidae) and flies of the genus Fergusonina Malloch 1924 (Diptera: Fergusoninidae) form galls on some Myrtaceae (Currie 1937; Giblin-Davis et al. 2004; Taylor et al. 2005). Each species of Fergusonina is associated with a particular species of Fergusobia, in mutualisms that generally each induce one gall form on one plant host species (Goolsby et al. 2000; Giblin-Davis et al. 2001; Taylor et al. 2005; Ye et al. 2007; S. Scheffer unpub. data)." Davies et al. (2012: 1).

Distribution

States

Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia

IBRA

NSW: Nandewar (NAN), New England Tablelands (NET), NSW North Coast (NNC), NSW South Western Slopes (NSS), South Eastern Highlands (SEH) ; NSW, Qld: Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Sydney Basin (SB), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ) ; Qld: Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), Wet Tropics (WT) ; SA: Eyre Yorke Block (EYB), Flinders Lofty Block (FLB), Kanmantoo (KAN), Murray Darling Depression (MDD) ; Tas: Ben Lomond (BEL) ; WA: Swan Coastal Plain (SWA), Victoria Bonaparte (VB)

General References

Christie, J.R. 1941. Chapter V. Life history (zooparasitica). Parasites of invertebrates. pp. 246-266 in Christie, J.R. (ed). An Introduction to Nematology. Babylon, New York Vol. II(II) pp. 243-372. (elevated Fergusobia to the rank of genus)

Davies, K.A., Giblin-Davis, R.M., Ye, W., Lisnawita, Taylor, G.S. & Thomas, W.K. 2013. Nematodes from galls on Myrtaceae. V. Fergusobia from large multilocular shoot bud galls from Angophora and Eucalyptus in Australia, with descriptions of six new species. Zootaxa 3741(1): 101–140 (new species and molecular phylogenetic analysis)

Davies, K.A., Giblin Davis, R.M., Ye, W., Taylor, G. & Thomas, W.K. 2012. Nematodes from galls on Myrtaceae. III. Fergusobia from flower bud and stigma galls on Eucalyptus, with descriptions of four new species. Zootaxa 3532: 1-36

Davies, K.A., Giblin-Davis, R.M., Ye, W., Taylor, G.S. & Thomas, W.K. 2013. Nematodes from galls on Myrtaceae. IV. Fergusobia from flat leaf galls on Eucalyptus and Corymbia, with descriptions of two new species. Zootaxa 3741(1): 151–171

Giblin-Davis, R.M., Davies, K.A., Taylor, G.S. & Thomas, W.K. 2004. Entomophilic nematode models for studying biodiversity and cospeciation. pp. 493-540 in Chen, Z.X., Chen, S.Y. & Dickson, D.W. (eds). Nematology, Advances and Perspectives. New York : Tsing-Hua University Press/CABI.

Giblin-Davis, R.M., Makinson, J., Center, B.J., Davies, K. A., Purcell, M., Taylor, G. S., Scheffer, S., Goolsby, J., & Center, T.D. 2001. Fergusobia-Fergusonina-induced shoot bud development on Melaleuca quinquenervia. Journal of Nematology 33: 239-247

Taylor, G.S., Head, E. & Davies, K.A. 2005. Gall flies (Diptera: Fergusoninidae) on Myrtaceae: a mutualistic association between flies and nematodes. pp. 643-671 in Raman, A., Schaefer, C.W. & Withers, T.M. (eds). Biology, Ecology and Evolution of Gall-Inducing Arthropods. New Hampshire, U.S.A : Science Publishers Vol. 2.

Ye, W., Giblin-Davis, R.M., Davies, K.A., Purcell, M., Scheffer, S.J., Taylor, G.S., Center, T.D., Morris, K. & Thomas, W.K. 2007. Molecular phylogenetics and the evolution of host plant associations in the nematode genus Fergusobia (Tylenchida: Fergusobiinae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 45: 123-141

History of changes

• Fergusobia armillarisae Davies, K.A.in Ye, W., Giblin-Davis, R.M., Ye, W., Taylor, G.S., Makinson, J. & Purcell, M. 2014. Nematodes from galls on Myrtaceae. X. Fergusobia from galls on narrow-leaved Melaleuca spp. in Australia, with descriptions of three new species. Zootaxa 3889(2): 237-258 [239-243, figs 1, 4A].

  Type data:

   Holotype ANIC parthenogenetic ♀, Illalong Bay, Kuringai Chase, Sydney, NSW [33°38.17´S 151°13.32´E].
  Paratype(s) WINC WINC 004345–47 (WNC 2372) 5 parthenogenetic ♀, 1 infective ♀ and 8 ♂, Illalong Bay, Kuringai Chase, Sydney, NSW [33°38.17´S 151°13.32´E]; AM 7 parthenogenetic ♀ and 8 ♂, Illalong Bay, Kuringai Chase, Sydney, NSW [33°38.17´S 151°13.32´E]; USDA 3 parthenogenetic ♀ and 2 ♂, Illalong Bay, Kuringai Chase, Sydney, NSW [33°38.17´S 151°13.32´E].

Distribution

States

New South Wales

IBRA

NSW: Sydney Basin (SB)

Ecological Descriptors

Gall-inducer (associated flora: Melaleuca armillaris [MYRTACEAE]).

Extra Ecological Information

Taken from unilocular pea galls

History of changes

• Fergusobia brittenae Taylor, G.S. & Davies, K.A. 2010. The gall fly, Fergusonina lockhartiTonnoir (Diptera: Fergusoninidae) and description of its associated nematode, Fergusobia brittenae sp nov (Tylenchida: Neotylenchidae). Journal of Natural History 44(15-16): 927-957 [940].

Ecological Descriptors

Plant parasite (host(s): Fergusonina lockharti Tonnoir, 1937 [FERGUSONINIDAE]) (associated flora: Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh., 1832 [MYRTACEAE] River Red Gum).

History of changes

• Fergusobia cajuputiae Davies, K.A. & Giblin-Davis, R.M. 2004. The biology and associations of Fergusobia (Nematoda) from the Melaleuca leucadendra - complex in eastern Australia. Invertebrate Systematics 18: 291-319 [303].

Distribution

States

Queensland

Ecological Descriptors

Plant parasite (host(s): Fergusonina purcelli Taylor, 2004 [FERGUSONINIDAE]) (associated flora: Melaleuca cajuputi Powell [MYRTACEAE] Paperbark Tea Tree).

History of changes

• Fergusobia camaldulensae Davies, K.A. in Davies, K.A., Giblin Davis, R.M., Ye, W., Taylor, G. & Thomas W.K. 2012. Nematodes from galls on Myrtaceae. II. Fergusobia/Fergusonina from small axillary bud ('stem') and leaf ('pea') galls in Australia, with descriptions of two new species. Zootaxa 3415: 1–22 [8].

Distribution

States

South Australia, Victoria

Ecological Descriptors

Plant parasite (associated flora: Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh., 1832 [MYRTACEAE] River Red Gum).

History of changes

• Fergusobia colbrani Davies, K.A., Taylor, G.S., Nelson, L.A., Yeates, D. & Giblin-Davis, R.M. 2014. Nematodes from galls on Myrtaceae. VI. Fergusobia from galls on Angophora in Australia, with description of F. colbrani n. sp. and key. Zootaxa 3856(3): 326-348 [328-342].

  Type data:

   Holotype WINC 003222 ♀, Paradise Park, Murrurundi, New South Wales [31º 76’S, 150º 83’ E].

  Type host:

   Angophora floribunda [MYRTACEAE]

Distribution

States

New South Wales

IBRA

NSW: Nandewar (NAN), New England Tablelands (NET)

History of changes

• Fergusobia cosmophyllae Davies, K.A. in Davies, K.A., Giblin-Davis, R.M., Ye, W., Lisnawita, Taylor, G.S. & Thomas, W.K. 2013. Nematodes from galls on Myrtaceae. V. Fergusobia from large multilocular shoot bud galls from Angophora and Eucalyptus in Australia, with descriptions of six new species. Zootaxa 3741(1): 101–140 [107].

  Type data:

   Holotype ANIC parthenogenetic ♀, Bridgewater, South Australia [35°00.30´S 138°46.00´E].
  Paratype(s) ANIC numerous (also in WINC & USDA), collected with holotype.

Distribution

States

South Australia

IBRA

SA: Flinders Lofty Block (FLB)

Ecological Descriptors

Shoot bud gall (host(s): Fergusonina sp. [FERGUSONINIDAE]) (associated flora: Eucalyptus cosmophylla F.Muell. [MYRTACEAE] Cup Gum).

History of changes

• Anguillulina (Fergusobia) curriei Johnston, T.H. 1938. A census of the free-living and plant-parasitic nematodes recorded as occurring in Australia. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia 62: 149-167 [150].

Generic Combinations

• Fergusobia curriei (Johnston, 1938). —
  Christie, J.R. 1941. Chapter V. Life history (zooparasitica). Parasites of invertebrates. pp. 246-266 in Christie, J.R. (ed). An Introduction to Nematology. Babylon, New York Vol. II(II) pp. 243-372.

Distribution

States

South Australia, Victoria

Ecological Descriptors

Plant parasite (associated flora: Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh., 1832 [MYRTACEAE] River Red Gum).

History of changes

• Fergusobia dealbatae Davies, K.A. & Giblin-Davis, R.M. 2004. The biology and associations of Fergusobia (Nematoda) from the Melaleuca leucadendra - complex in eastern Australia. Invertebrate Systematics 18: 291-319 [305].

Distribution

Ecological Descriptors

Plant parasite (host(s): Fergusonina makinsoni Taylor, 2004 [FERGUSONINIDAE]) (associated flora: Melaleuca dealbata S.T.Blake [MYRTACEAE] Blue Paperbark).

History of changes

• Fergusobia decorae Davies, K.A.in Ye, W., Giblin-Davis, R.M., Ye, W., Taylor, G.S., Makinson, J. & Purcell, M. 2014. Nematodes from galls on Myrtaceae. X. Fergusobia from galls on narrow-leaved Melaleuca spp. in Australia, with descriptions of three new species. Zootaxa 3889(2): 237-258 [243-247, figs 2, 4B].

  Type data:

   Holotype ANIC parthenogenetic ♀, together with an infective ♀ and a ♂, roadside planting, Ingham QLD [18º38.93’S 146º09.58’E].
  Paratype(s) WINC WINC 063692 (WNC 2386) 5 parthenogenetic ♀, 2 infective ♀ and 10 ♂, roadside planting, Ingham QLD [18º38.93’S 146º09.58’E]; AM 12 parthenogenetic ♀, 2 infective ♀ and 10 ♂, roadside planting, Ingham QLD [18º38.93’S 146º09.58’E]; USDA 5 parthenogenetic ♀, 2 infective ♀ and 10 ♂, roadside planting, Ingham QLD [18º38.93’S 146º09.58’E].

Distribution

States

Queensland

IBRA

Qld: Wet Tropics (WT)

Ecological Descriptors

Gall-inducer (associated flora: Melaleuca decora [MYRTACEAE]).

Extra Ecological Information

Taken from unilocular axial bud galls

History of changes

• Fergusobia delegatensae Davies, K.A. in Davies, K.A., Giblin-Davis, R.M., Ye, W., Lisnawita, Taylor, G.S. & Thomas, W.K. 2013. Nematodes from galls on Myrtaceae. V. Fergusobia from large multilocular shoot bud galls from Angophora and Eucalyptus in Australia, with descriptions of six new species. Zootaxa 3741(1): 101–140 [111].

  Type data:

   Holotype ANIC parthenogenetic ♀, Ben Lomond National Park, Tasmania, Australia [41°30´S 147°45´E].
  Paratype(s) ANIC numerous specimens (also in WINC, TMAG, USDA), collected with holotype.

Distribution

States

Tasmania

IBRA

Tas: Ben Lomond (BEL)

Ecological Descriptors

Shoot bud gall (host(s): Fergusonina sp. [FERGUSONINIDAE]) (associated flora: Eucalyptus delegatensis R.T.Baker [MYRTACEAE] Gum-topped Stringybark).

History of changes

• Fergusobia diversifoliae Davies, K.A. in Davies, K.A., Giblin-Davis, R.M., Ye, W., Lisnawita, Taylor, G.S. & Thomas, W.K. 2013. Nematodes from galls on Myrtaceae. V. Fergusobia from large multilocular shoot bud galls from Angophora and Eucalyptus in Australia, with descriptions of six new species. Zootaxa 3741(1): 101–140 [115].

  Type data:

   Holotype ANIC parthenogenetic ♀, Meningie, South Australia, Australia [35°40´S 139°20´E].
  Paratype(s) ANIC numerous specimens, colelcted with holotype.

Distribution

States

South Australia

IBRA

SA: Murray Darling Depression (MDD)

Ecological Descriptors

Shoot bud gall (host(s): Fergusonina sp. [FERGUSONINIDAE]) (associated flora: Eucalyptus diversifolia Bonpl. [MYRTACEAE] South Australian Coastal Mallee).

History of changes

• Fergusobia eugenioidae Davies, K.A. in Davies, K.A., Giblin Davis, R.M., Ye, W., Taylor, G. & Thomas, W.K. 2012. Nematodes from galls on Myrtaceae. III. Fergusobia from flower bud and stigma galls on Eucalyptus, with descriptions of four new species. Zootaxa 3532: 1-36 [7-11, figs 3, 7B, 8A].

  Type data:

   Holotype ANIC Parthenogenetic ♀, Australian National Botanic Gardens, Black Mountain [35°20'S 148°57'E].
  Paratype(s) ANIC ♂ and infective ♀ (on slide with holotype); WINC slide number 004312; USDA.

Distribution

States

Australian Capital Territory

Ecological Descriptors

Plant parasite (associated flora: Eucalyptus eugenioides Sieber ex Sprengel, 1827 [MYRTACEAE] White Stringybark).

History of changes

• Fergusobia fasciculosae Davies, K.A. in Davies, K.A., Giblin Davis, R.M., Ye, W., Taylor, G. & Thomas, W.K. 2012. Nematodes from galls on Myrtaceae. III. Fergusobia from flower bud and stigma galls on Eucalyptus, with descriptions of four new species. Zootaxa 3532: 1-36 [11-15, figs 4, 7F, 8G].

  Type data:

   Holotype ANIC Parthenogenetic ♀, roadside site on the Strathalbyn to Goolwa road, ca 60 km south of Adelaide, South Australia [35°24.24'S 138°46.09'E].
  Paratype(s) ANIC ♂ and infective ♀ (on slide with holotype); WINC slide number 004498; USDA.

Distribution

States

South Australia

Ecological Descriptors

Gall-inducer (host(s): Fergusonina [FERGUSONINIDAE] (undescribed species)), plant parasite (associated flora: Eucalyptus fasciculosa F.Muell., 1855 [MYRTACEAE] Pink Gum).

Extra Ecological Information

Forms stigma galls with an undescribed species of Fergusonina.

History of changes

• Fergusobia fisheri Davies, K.A. & Lloyd, J. 1996. Nematodes associated with Diptera in South Australia: a new species of Fergusobia Currie from a fergusoninid and a new record of Syrphonema Laumond & Lyon from a syrphid. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia 120(1-2): 13-20 [13].

  Type data:

   Holotype SAMA AHC27051 Slide ♀, Black Forest, South Australia [34°57'S, 138°34'E)].

Distribution

States

South Australia

History of changes