• Platycercus Vigors, N.A. 1825. Descriptions of some rare, interesting, or hitherto uncharacterized subjects of zoology. Zoological Journal London 1: 526-542 [published Jan.] [527] [validated as correct name with above authorship, place of publication and below-cited type species by International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature Opinion 67, with gender masculine; also spelt Platicercus by Lesson, R.P. 1837. Complément des Oevres de Buffon; ou, Histoire Naturelle des Animaux rares découverts par les naturalistes et les voyageurs depuis la mort de Buffon. Oiseaux. Paris : Pourrat Frères Vol. 9 550 pp. (219)].

  Type species:

   Psittacus pennantii Latham, 1790 by original designation (=Platycercus elegans (Gmelin, 1788)).

  Secondary source:

   Lesson, R.P. 1837. Complément des Oevres de Buffon; ou, Histoire Naturelle des Animaux rares découverts par les naturalistes et les voyageurs depuis la mort de Buffon. Oiseaux. Paris : Pourrat Frères Vol. 9 550 pp.

Distribution

States

Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria

IBRA

ACT, NSW, Qld, SA, Tas, Vic: Australian Alps (AA), Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Ben Lomond (BEL), Broken Hill Complex (BHC), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Cobar Peneplain (CP), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Desert Uplands (DEU), Darling Riverine Plains (DRP), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), Eyre Yorke Block (EYB), Flinders Lofty Block (FLB), Flinders (FLI), Gawler (GAW), Kanmantoo (KAN), King (KIN), Murray Darling Depression (MDD), Mulga Lands (ML), Nandewar (NAN), Naracoorte Coastal Plain (NCP), New England Tablelands (NET), NSW North Coast (NNC), NSW South Western Slopes (NSS), Riverina (RIV), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Coastal Plain (SCP), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Tasmanian Central Highlands (TCH), Tasmanian Northern Midlands (TNM), Tasmanian Northern Slopes (TNS), Tasmanian South East (TSE), Tasmanian Southern Ranges (TSR), Tasmanian West (TWE), Victorian Midlands (VM), Victorian Volcanic Plain (VVP), Wet Tropics (WT)

IMCRA

Norfolk Island Province (21)

Original AFD Distribution Data

Australian Region

• Australia
  • Australian Capital Territory
  • New South Wales: Murray-Darling basin, SE coastal
  • Norfolk Island
  • Queensland: NE coastal
  • South Australia: Murray-Darling basin, S Gulfs, SE coastal
  • Tasmania
  • Victoria: Murray-Darling basin
• New Zealand

History of changes

Taxonomic Decision for Subspecies Arrangement

• Schodde, R. in Schodde, R. & Mason, I.J. 1997. Aves (Columbidae to Coraciidae). In, Houston, W.W.K. & Wells, A. (eds). Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Melbourne : CSIRO Publishing, Australia Vol. 37.2 xiii 440 pp. [171] (based on Von Pelzeln, A. 1873. On the birds in the Imperial Collection at Vienna obtained from the Leverian Museum. Part II. Ibis 3 3: 105–124 [328] (for recognition of King Is. subspecies) and Condon, H.T. 1941. The Australian broadtailed parrots (subfamily Platycercinae). Records of the South Australian Museum 7: 117–144 (for combining Flinders Is. (Furneaux group) populations under nominotypical caledonicus (Gmelin, 1788))

Distribution

States

Tasmania

IBRA

Tas: Ben Lomond (BEL), Flinders (FLI), King (KIN), Tasmanian Central Highlands (TCH), Tasmanian Northern Midlands (TNM), Tasmanian Northern Slopes (TNS), Tasmanian South East (TSE), Tasmanian Southern Ranges (TSR), Tasmanian West (TWE)

Original AFD Distribution Data

Australian Region

• Australia
  • Tasmania

General References

Cain, A.J. 1955. A revision of Trichoglossus haematodus and of the Australian platycercine parrots. Ibis 97: 432-479 (subspecific arrangement and specific limits)

Condon, H.T. 1975. Checklist of the Birds of Australia. Part 1 Non-Passerines. Melbourne : Royal Australasian Ornithologists Union xx 311 pp. (presenting alternative taxonomic arrangement subspecies)

Condon, H.T. 1975. Checklist of the Birds of Australia. Part 1 Non-Passerines. Melbourne : Royal Australasian Ornithologists Union xx 311 pp. (subspecific arrangement and specific limits)

Forshaw, J.M. 1981. Australian Parrots. 2nd (revised) Edn. Illustrated by W.T. Cooper. Melbourne : Lansdowne Edns 312 pp. 56 pls. (subspecific arrangement and specific limits)

Ovenden, J.R., Mackinlay, A.G. & Crozier, R.H. 1987. Systematics and mitochondrial genome evolution of Australian rosellas (Aves: Platycercidae). Journal of Molecular Biology and Evolution 4: 526-543 (subspecific arrangement and for data)

Peters, J.L. 1937. Check-list of Birds of the World. Cambridge : Harvard University Press Vol. 3 xiii 311 pp. (presenting alternative taxonomic arrangement)

Salvadori, T. 1891. Catalogue of the Birds in the British Museum. Catalogue of the Psittaci, or Parrots. London : British Museum Vol. 20 xvii 658 pp. XVIII pls. (subspecific arrangement and specific limits)

History of changes

• Psittacus brownii Kuhl, H. 1820. Conspectus Psittacorum. Cum specierum definitionibus, novarum descriptionibus, synonymis et circa patriam singularum naturalem adversariis, adjecto indice museorum, ubi earum artificiosae exuviae servantur. Nova Acta Physico-Medica Academiae Caesareae Leopoldino-Carolinae 10: 1-104 pls I-III [56] [as Brownii; also spelt browni in original description (p. 8)—brownii chosen here as correct original spelling under ICZN Art. 4(c); based on la Perruche à large queue, lève variété on pl. 80 in Levaillant, F. 1805. Histoire Naturelle des Perroquets. Paris : Levrault, Schoell & Ce Vol. 2 112 pp. pls 72–139 [published between 1801–1805], and on many specimens examined at Linnean Society of London and 'in Museo Temminckiano, Parisiensi et Laugieriano'; only one of the original 14 specimens in the Linnean Society of London passed to BMNH, the remainder being untraced, see Salvadori, T. 1891. Catalogue of the Birds in the British Museum. Catalogue of the Psittaci, or Parrots. London : British Museum Vol. 20 xvii 658 pp. XVIII pls (546); Sharpe, R.B. 1906. Birds. pp. 79–515 in, The History of the Collections contained in the Natural History Departments of the British Museum. London : British Museum Vol. 2. (414); this specimen is selected here as lectotype so that brownii Kuhl, 1820 becomes a senior objective synonym of Psittacus flaviventris Temminck, 1821; type locality designated as Derwent, TAS, by Mathews, G.M. 1917. The Birds of Australia. London : Witherby & Co. Vol. 6 pt 4 pp. 297–372 pls 300–307 [27 June 1917, volume dated as 1916–1917] (327), but lectotype, collected by Robert Brown on Matthew Flinders' circumnavigation of Australia, bears the collection date of 23 Apr. 1802 when Flinders landed on northeast King Is., Bass strait, see Flinders, M. 1814. A Voyage to Terra Australis. London : G. & W. Nicol Vol. 1 cciv 269 pp. (206)].

  Type data:

   Lectotype BMNH 1863.7.6.4 unsexed adult (=♂) (ex Linnean Society of London coll.), northeast King Is., Bass Strait, TAS (as Nova Hollandia).
  Paralectotype(s) whereabouts unknown (?lost, ex Linnean Society of London coll.); RMNH (ex C.J. Temminck Cabinet); MNHP; MNHP (ex M. Laugier de Chartrouse coll.); RMNH (ex Temminck Cabinet); MNHP; MNHP (ex M Laugier de Chartrouse coll.).

  Subsequent designation references:

  Schodde, R. in Schodde, R. & Mason, I.J. 1997. Aves (Columbidae to Coraciidae). In, Houston, W.W.K. & Wells, A. (eds). Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Melbourne : CSIRO Publishing, Australia Vol. 37.2 xiii 440 pp. [173].

  Type locality references:

  Schodde, R. in Schodde, R. & Mason, I.J. 1997. Aves (Columbidae to Coraciidae). In, Houston, W.W.K. & Wells, A. (eds). Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Melbourne : CSIRO Publishing, Australia Vol. 37.2 xiii 440 pp. [173].
• Psittacus flaviventris Temminck, C.J. 1821. Account of some new species of birds of the genera Psittacus and Columba, in the Museum of the Linnean Society. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London 13: 107-130 [publication dated as 1822] [116] [junior objective synonym of Psittacus brownii Kuhl, 1820 (q.v.), being based on same material in BMNH, see Mathews, G.M. 1917. The Birds of Australia. London : Witherby & Co. Vol. 6 pt 4 pp. 297–372 pls 300–307 [27 June 1917, volume dated as 1916–1917] (327) and entries under H. Kuhl, C.J. Temminck and these specific names in Mathews, G.M. 1925. The Birds of Australia. Supplements 4 & 5. Bibliography of the Birds of Australia Pts 1 & 2. London : H.F. & G. Witherby viii 149 pp., Whittell, H.M. 1954. The Literature of Australian Birds: a History and Bibliography of Australian Ornithology. Perth : Paterson Brokensha xi 116 788 pp., and Warren, R.L.M. 1966. Type-specimens of Birds in the British Museum (Natural History). Vol. 1 Non-Passerines. London : British Museum ix 320 pp.; also spelt flavigaster in original description, over which flaviventris was chosen by first reviser, Vigors, N.A. & Horsfield, T. 1827. A description of the Australian birds in the collection of the Linnean Society; with an attempt at arranging them according to their natural affinities. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London 15: 170–331 [publication dated 1826, published Feb. 1827] (281, footnote)—thus Psittacus flavigaster Temminck, 1821 is an incorrect original spelling to corrected, see ICZN Art. 32(a)(d) cf. Salvadori, T. 1891. Catalogue of the Birds in the British Museum. Catalogue of the Psittaci, or Parrots. London : British Museum Vol. 20 xvii 658 pp. XVIII pls (545); also as incorrect subsequent spelling, flaviventur (in confusion with Platycercus elegans flaveolus Gould, 1837) by Mitchell, T.L. 1838. Three Expeditions into the Interior of eastern Australia, with descriptions of the recently explored region of Australia Felix, and of the present Colony of New South Wales. London : T. & W. Boone Vol. 1 xxi 351 pp. [published after Aug. 18, 1838 Mathews, G.M. 1925. The Birds of Australia. Supplements 4 & 5. Bibliography of the Birds of Australia Pts 1 & 2. London : H.F. & G. Witherby viii 149 pp.] (xviii); for details of surviving syntype (=lectotype), see Psittacus brownii Kuhl, 1820 in Warren, R.L.M. 1966. Type-specimens of Birds in the British Museum (Natural History). Vol. 1 Non-Passerines. London : British Museum ix 320 pp.)—lectotypification effected under ICZN Art. 74; for source and fate of remainder of type series, see Psittacus brownii Kuhl, 1820, above].

  Type data:

   Lectotype BMNH 1863.7.6.4 unsexed adult (=♂) (ex Linnean Society of London coll.), northeast King Is., Bass Strait (as Nouvelle Hollande).
  Paralectotype(s) whereabouts unknown (?lost, ex Linnean Society of London coll.).

  Subsequent designation references:

  Salvadori, T. 1891. Catalogue of the Birds in the British Museum. Catalogue of the Psittaci, or Parrots. London : British Museum Vol. 20 xvii 658 pp. XVIII pls. [546].

  Type locality references:

  Schodde, R. in Schodde, R. & Mason, I.J. 1997. Aves (Columbidae to Coraciidae). In, Houston, W.W.K. & Wells, A. (eds). Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Melbourne : CSIRO Publishing, Australia Vol. 37.2 xiii 440 pp. [173] (see under Psittacus brownii Kuhl, 1820; c.f. Mathews, G.M. 1917. The Birds of Australia. London : Witherby & Co. Vol. 6 pt 4 pp. 297–372 pls 300–307 [27 June 1917, volume dated as 1916–1917] (327)).
• Platycercus xanthogaster Stephens, J.F. 1826. In, General Zoology or Systematic Natural History, commenced by the late George Shaw, M.D.F.R.S. & C. Aves. London : J. & A. Arch etc. Vol. XIV Pt I 385 pp. pls 1-41. [published late 1826] [120] [nom. nov. for Psittacus flavigaster= flaviventris Temminck, 1821, unjustified emendation].
• Platycercus caledonicus henriettae Mathews, G.M. 1915. Additions and corrections to my List of the Birds of Australia. Austral Avian Records 2: 123-133 [Date published 129] [127] [type material not specified precisely in protologue, and description based on more than one specimen according to data in Greenway, J.C. 1978. Type specimens of birds in the American Museum of Natural History. Pt 2. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 161: 1–306; for identification of syntypes, see Greenway, J.C. 1978. Type specimens of birds in the American Museum of Natural History. Pt 2. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 161: 1–306; syntype(s) illustrated on pl. 302 and described in detail on p. 323 in Mathews, G.M. 1917. The Birds of Australia. London : Witherby & Co. Vol. 6 pt 4 pp. 297–372 pls 300–307 [27 June 1917, volume dated as 1916–1917]].

  Type data:

   
  Syntype(s) AMNH 622758 ♂ imm. (G.M. Mathews' coll. no. unspecified), King Is., Bass Strait; AMNH 622759–622763 ♂ (G.M. Mathews' coll. nos unspecified), King Is., Bass Strait; AMNH 622764–622766 ♀ (G.M. Mathews' coll. nos unspecified), King Is., Bass Strait.

Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy

• Schodde, R. in Schodde, R. & Mason, I.J. 1997. Aves (Columbidae to Coraciidae). In, Houston, W.W.K. & Wells, A. (eds). Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Melbourne : CSIRO Publishing, Australia Vol. 37.2 xiii 440 pp. [173]

Distribution

States

Tasmania

Extra Distribution Information

King Is., now restricted largely to Pegarah Forestry area.

IBRA

Tas: King (KIN)

Ecological Descriptors

Arboreal, diurnal, florivore, folivore, frugivorous, granivore, gregarious, low shrubland, low woodland, open forest, sedentary, tall forest, terrestrial, volant.

Extra Ecological Information

Seasonal breeder, feeds arboreally and on ground mainly on seeds (Eucalyptus) in wooded habitats, flocks in small to medium-sized groups or pairs, flies in shallow undulations bringing wings in to side of body, sedentary.

General References

Green, R.H. & McGarvie, A.M. 1971. The birds of King Island. Records of the Queen Victoria Museum, Launceston 40: 1-42 (status, diet)

History of changes

• Psittacus caledonicus Gmelin, J.F. 1788. Systema Naturae per Regna Tria Naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Linné, editio decima tertia, aucta, reformata. Regnum Animalium. Leipzig (Lipsiae) : G.E. Beer Vol. 1(1) 1-500 pp. [For publication date Duncan, F.M. 1937. On the dates of publication of the Society's 'Proceedings', 1859–1926. With an appendix containing the dates of publication of 'Proceedings', 1830–1858, compiled by the late F.H. Waterhouse, and of the 'Transactions', 1833–1869, by the late Henry Peavot, originally published in P.Z.S. 1893, 1913. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 107: 71–84] [328] [based on the Caledonian Parrot in Latham, J. 1782. A General Synopsis of Birds. London : B. White Vol. 1 vi 788 pp. I–XXXV pls [Mathews, G.M. 1925. The Birds of Australia. Supplements 4 & 5. Bibliography of the Birds of Australia Pts 1 & 2. London : H.F. & G. Witherby viii 149 pp.] (248), in turn based on two specimens, one or both formerly in the collection of Joseph Banks, taken at Adventure Bay, Tasmania in Jan. 1777 on James Cook's third voyage to Australasia, see Mathews, G.M. 1917. The Birds of Australia. London : Witherby & Co. Vol. 6 pt 4 pp. 297–372 pls 300–307 [27 June 1917, volume dated as 1916–1917] (324); Stresemann, E. 1950. Birds collected during Capt. James Cook's last expedition (1776–1780). Auk 67: 66–88; for identification of figure of syntype in BMNH, see Sharpe, R.B. 1906. Birds. pp. 79–515 in, The History of the Collections contained in the Natural History Departments of the British Museum. London : British Museum Vol. 2. (199–200); for dispersal and fate of Cook's collections, see Sharpe, R.B. 1906. Birds. pp. 79–515 in, The History of the Collections contained in the Natural History Departments of the British Museum. London : British Museum Vol. 2. (172–173); Stresemann, E. 1950. Birds collected during Capt. James Cook's last expedition (1776–1780). Auk 67: 66–88; Whitehead, P.J.P. 1969. Zoological specimens from Captain Cook's voyages. Journal of the Society for the Bibliography of Natural History 5: 161–201 [Mathews, G.M. 1925. The Birds of Australia. Supplements 4 & 5. Bibliography of the Birds of Australia Pts 1 & 2. London : H.F. & G. Witherby viii 149 pp. Mathews, G.M. 1927. Systema Avium Australasianarum. A systematic list of the birds of the Australasian region. London : British Ornithologists' Union Pt 1 iv 426 pp.]; material in NHMW from Dalrymple Bay, TAS, not part of type series, cf. Von Pelzeln, A. 1873. On the birds in the Imperial Collection at Vienna obtained from the Leverian Museum. Part II. Ibis 3 3: 105–124].

  Type data:

   Syntype(s) whereabouts unknown (dispersed and ?lost, figured on W.W. Ellis drawing no. 16 in BMNH), Adventure Bay, TAS (as nova Caledonia).
• Platycercus caledonicus flindersi Mathews, G.M. 1917. The Birds of Australia. London : Witherby & Co. Vol. 6 pt 4 pp. 297-372 pls 300-307. [Date published 27 June 1917: volume dated as 1916–1917] [328] [based on material in the G.M. Mathews collection from Flinders Is. (?and Kent group), but published without specification of types].

  Type data:

   
  Syntype(s) AMNH 622768 ♂ (G.M. Mathews' coll. no. unspecified), Flinders Is., Bass Strait; AMNH 622769 ♂ (G.M. Mathews' coll. no. unspecified), Flinders Is., Bass Strait; AMNH 622767 ♀ (G.M. Mathews' coll. no. unspecified), Flinders Is., Bass Strait
  Comment: for identification of syntypes, see Greenway, J.C. 1978. Type specimens of birds in the American Museum of Natural History. Pt 2. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 161: 1–306.

Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy

• Schodde, R. in Schodde, R. & Mason, I.J. 1997. Aves (Columbidae to Coraciidae). In, Houston, W.W.K. & Wells, A. (eds). Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Melbourne : CSIRO Publishing, Australia Vol. 37.2 xiii 440 pp. [172]

Distribution

States

Tasmania

Extra Distribution Information

All TAS, adjacent off-shore islands and Furneaux and (?)Kent Groups, Bass Strait.

IBRA

Tas: Ben Lomond (BEL), Flinders (FLI), King (KIN), Tasmanian Central Highlands (TCH), Tasmanian Northern Midlands (TNM), Tasmanian Northern Slopes (TNS), Tasmanian South East (TSE), Tasmanian Southern Ranges (TSR), Tasmanian West (TWE)

Original AFD Distribution Data

Australian Region

• Australia
  • Tasmania

Ecological Descriptors

Arboreal, closed forest, diurnal, florivore, folivore, frugivorous, granivore, gregarious, low shrubland, low woodland, nomadic, open forest, open heath, resident, tall forest, terrestrial, volant.

Extra Ecological Information

Seasonal breeder, feeds arboreally and on ground mainly on seeds (Eucalyptus) in all wooded habitats, flocks in small to medium-sized groups or pairs, flies in shallow undulations bringing wings in to side of body, nests on bed of wood dust/debris in tree hollows, incubation by female, both sexes rear pale grey-downed, yellowish-billed chicks, sedentary or wanders locally to seasonal food sources.

General References

Brown, P. 1977. The Green Rosella Platycercus caledonicus. Aviculture Magazine 83: 142-145 (behaviour, nidification in captivity)

Green, R.H. & Swift, J.W. 1965. Rosellas as insect eaters. The Emu 65: 75 (diet)

Lea, A.M. & Gray, J.T. 1935. The food of Australian birds. An analysis of the stomach contents. Part II. The Emu 35: 63-98 (diet)

History of changes

Taxonomic Decision for Subspecies Arrangement

• Condon, H.T. 1975. Checklist of the Birds of Australia. Part 1 Non-Passerines. Melbourne : Royal Australasian Ornithologists Union xx 311 pp. [193-194] (but excluding P. e. adelaidae Gould, 1841 for reasons given by Cain, A.J. 1955. A revision of Trichoglossus haematodus and of the Australian platycercine parrots. Ibis 97: 432–479; also, with variation, Condon, H.T. 1941. The Australian broadtailed parrots (subfamily Platycercinae). Records of the South Australian Museum 7: 117–144; Condon, H.T. 1951. Notes on the birds of South Australia: occurrence, distribution and taxonomy. South Australian Ornithologist 20: 26–68; Immelmann, K. 1966. Die australischen Plattschweifsittiche. Wittenberg, Lutherstadt : A. Ziemsen (Die Neue Brehm-Bücherei) 128 pp.; Wolters, H.E. 1975. Die Vogelarten der Erde. Eine systematische Liste mit Verbreitungsangaben sowie deutschen und englischen Namen. Hamburg : Paul Parey Lief. 1, 1–80 pp.)

Distribution

States

Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Victoria

IBRA

ACT, NSW, Qld, SA, Vic: Australian Alps (AA), Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Broken Hill Complex (BHC), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Cobar Peneplain (CP), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Desert Uplands (DEU), Darling Riverine Plains (DRP), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), Eyre Yorke Block (EYB), Flinders Lofty Block (FLB), Flinders (FLI), Gawler (GAW), Kanmantoo (KAN), Murray Darling Depression (MDD), Mulga Lands (ML), Nandewar (NAN), Naracoorte Coastal Plain (NCP), New England Tablelands (NET), NSW North Coast (NNC), NSW South Western Slopes (NSS), Riverina (RIV), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Coastal Plain (SCP), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Victorian Midlands (VM), Victorian Volcanic Plain (VVP), Wet Tropics (WT)

IMCRA

Norfolk Island Province (21)

Original AFD Distribution Data

Australian Region

• Australia
  • Australian Capital Territory
  • New South Wales: Murray-Darling basin, SE coastal
  • Norfolk Island
  • Queensland: NE coastal
  • South Australia: Murray-Darling basin, S Gulfs, SE coastal
  • Victoria: Murray-Darling basin
• New Zealand

General References

Ashby, E. 1925. The Adelaide Rosella (Platycercus adelaidae. The Emu 25: 89-90 (presenting alternative taxonomic arrangement)

Ford, J. 1987. Hybrid zones in Australian birds. The Emu 87: 158-178 (presenting alternative taxonomic arrangement)

Forshaw, J.M. 1981. Australian Parrots. 2nd (revised) Edn. Illustrated by W.T. Cooper. Melbourne : Lansdowne Edns 312 pp. 56 pls. (presenting alternative taxonomic arrangement)

Mathews, G.M. 1912. A Reference-List to the Birds of Australia. Novitates Zoologicae 18: 171-455 [Date published 31 Jan 1912] (presenting alternative taxonomic arrangement also subsequent revisions)

Peters, J.L. 1937. Check-list of Birds of the World. Cambridge : Harvard University Press Vol. 3 xiii 311 pp. (presenting alternative taxonomic arrangement)

RAOU Checklist Committee, Royal Australasian Ornithologists Union 1926. Official Checklist of the Birds of Australia. Melbourne : Royal Australasian Ornithologists Union x 212 pp. (presenting alternative taxonomic arrangement)

Salvadori, T. 1891. Catalogue of the Birds in the British Museum. Catalogue of the Psittaci, or Parrots. London : British Museum Vol. 20 xvii 658 pp. XVIII pls. (presenting alternative taxonomic arrangement)

Sibley, C.G. & Monroe, B.L., Jr 1990. Distribution and Taxonomy of Birds of the World. New Haven : Yale University Press xxiv 1111 pp. (presenting alternative taxonomic arrangement)

History of changes

• Psittacus elegans Gmelin, J.F. 1788. Systema Naturae per Regna Tria Naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Linné, editio decima tertia, aucta, reformata. Regnum Animalium. Leipzig (Lipsiae) : G.E. Beer Vol. 1(1) 1-500 pp. [For publication date Duncan, F.M. 1937. On the dates of publication of the Society's 'Proceedings', 1859–1926. With an appendix containing the dates of publication of 'Proceedings', 1830–1858, compiled by the late F.H. Waterhouse, and of the 'Transactions', 1833–1869, by the late Henry Peavot, originally published in P.Z.S. 1893, 1913. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 107: 71–84] [318] [not preoccupied by Psittacus elegans Clusius, before 1758 and pre-binominal; validated as correct name with above authorship and place of publication by International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature Direction 43; based on adult and immature of the Beautiful Lory in Latham, J. 1782. A General Synopsis of Birds. London : B. White Vol. 1 vi 788 pp. I–XXXV pls [Mathews, G.M. 1925. The Birds of Australia. Supplements 4 & 5. Bibliography of the Birds of Australia Pts 1 & 2. London : H.F. & G. Witherby viii 149 pp.] (217), in turn described from material in the collection of Joseph Banks taken on James Cook's first voyage to Australasia; as the only land fall made by Cook's expedition in the range of this species was Botany Bay, where both 'loryquets and parrots' were recorded, that site is ipso facto the type locality, see Whittell, H.M. 1954. The Literature of Australian Birds: a History and Bibliography of Australian Ornithology. Perth : Paterson Brokensha xi 116 788 pp. (13); for dispersal and fate of Banksian material, see Sharpe, R.B. 1906. Birds. pp. 79–515 in, The History of the Collections contained in the Natural History Departments of the British Museum. London : British Museum Vol. 2. (172–173); Whitehead, P.J.P. 1969. Zoological specimens from Captain Cook's voyages. Journal of the Society for the Bibliography of Natural History 5: 161–201 [Mathews, G.M. 1925. The Birds of Australia. Supplements 4 & 5. Bibliography of the Birds of Australia Pts 1 & 2. London : H.F. & G. Witherby viii 149 pp. Mathews, G.M. 1927. Systema Avium Australasianarum. A systematic list of the birds of the Australasian region. London : British Ornithologists' Union Pt 1 iv 426 pp.]].

  Type data:

   Syntype(s) whereabouts unknown (dispersed and ?lost), Botany Bay, NSW (published without locality).

  Type locality references:

  Schodde, R. in Schodde, R. & Mason, I.J. 1997. Aves (Columbidae to Coraciidae). In, Houston, W.W.K. & Wells, A. (eds). Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Melbourne : CSIRO Publishing, Australia Vol. 37.2 xiii 440 pp. [174] (cf. Latham, J. 1782. A General Synopsis of Birds. London : B. White Vol. 1 vi 788 pp. I–XXXV pls [Mathews, G.M. 1925. The Birds of Australia. Supplements 4 & 5. Bibliography of the Birds of Australia Pts 1 & 2. London : H.F. & G. Witherby viii 149 pp.]).
• Psittacus pennantii Latham, J. 1790. Index ornithologicus, sive Systema Ornithologiae; complectens avium divisionem in classes, ordines, genera, species, ipsarumque varietates: adjectis synonymis, locis, descriptionibus, &c. London : Leigh & Sotheby Vol. 1 & 2 xviii 920 pp. [90] [as Pennantii; based on the Pennantian Parrot in Latham, J. 1787. Supplement to the General Synopsis of Birds. London : Leigh & Sotheby iii 298 pp. pls CVII–CXIX [Sclater, P.L. 1893. List of the dates of delivery of the sheets of the "Proceedings" of the Zoological Society of London, from the commencement in 1830 to 1859 inclusive. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1893: 435–440] (61), from material in the possession of Thomas Pennant—and, as var. ß, on the Pennantian Parrot described on p. 154 and figured on plate opposite in Phillip, A. 1789. The Voyage of Governor Phillip to Botany Bay; with an Account of the Establishment of the Colonies of Port Jackson & Norfolk Island compiled from authentic papers. London : J. Stockdale viii x 298 lxxiv pp. 54 pls; as Pennant almost certainly got his specimen(s) from Joseph Banks, it is likely that Psittacus pennantii Latham, 1790 and P. elegans Gmelin, 1788 are based in part on the same material and so potentially objective synonyms; for dispersal and fate of Banksian material, see Psittacus elegans Gmelin, 1788 (op. cit.)].

  Type data:

   
  Syntype(s) whereabouts unknown unsexed adult (dispersed and ?lost), Botany Bay and Port Jackson, NSW (as nova Wallia australi); whereabouts unknown unsexed imm. (?lost, ex Joseph Banks coll. per T. Pennant), Botany Bay and Port Jackson, NSW (as nova Wallia australi); whereabouts unknown (?lost, ex Leverian Museum per A. Phillip?, figured on plate opposite p. 154 inPhillip, A. 1789. The Voyage of Governor Phillip to Botany Bay; with an Account of the Establishment of the Colonies of Port Jackson & Norfolk Island compiled from authentic papers. London : J. Stockdale viii x 298 lxxiv pp. 54 pls), Botany Bay and Port Jackson, NSW (as nova Wallia australi).

  Type locality references:

  Schodde, R. in Schodde, R. & Mason, I.J. 1997. Aves (Columbidae to Coraciidae). In, Houston, W.W.K. & Wells, A. (eds). Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Melbourne : CSIRO Publishing, Australia Vol. 37.2 xiii 440 pp. [174] (for reasons given under Psittacus elegans Gmelin, 1788 (q.v.), and in Phillip, A. 1789. The Voyage of Governor Phillip to Botany Bay; with an Account of the Establishment of the Colonies of Port Jackson & Norfolk Island compiled from authentic papers. London : J. Stockdale viii x 298 lxxiv pp. 54 pls [154]; cf. Mathews, G.M. 1912. A Reference-List to the Birds of Australia. Novitates Zoologicae 18: 171–455 [publication dated Jan. 1912, published 31 Jan.]).
• Psittacus gloriosus Shaw, G. in Shaw, G. & Nodder, F.P. (ill.) 1791. The Naturalist's Miscellany; or coloured figures of natural objects drawn and described immediately from nature. London : Nodder Vol. II pls 38-74. [publication dated as 1790-1791] [text to pl. 53] [plate 53 of original description dated Jan. 1791; based in part on the Pennantian Parrot in Latham, J. 1787. Supplement to the General Synopsis of Birds. London : Leigh & Sotheby iii 298 pp. pls CVII–CXIX [Sclater, P.L. 1893. List of the dates of delivery of the sheets of the "Proceedings" of the Zoological Society of London, from the commencement in 1830 to 1859 inclusive. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1893: 435–440] (61); other type material formerly in Leverian Museum dispersed and not traced in museums receiving its collections, see von Pelzeln, A. 1873. On the birds in the Imperial Collection at Vienna obtained from the Leverian Museum. Ibis 3 3: 14–54; Von Pelzeln, A. 1873. On the birds in the Imperial Collection at Vienna obtained from the Leverian Museum. Part II. Ibis 3 3: 105–124; Wagstaffe, R. 1978. Type Specimens of Birds in the Merseyside County Museums. Liverpool : Merseyside County Museums, Merseyside County Council 33 pp.; cf. Whittell, H.M. 1954. The Literature of Australian Birds: a History and Bibliography of Australian Ornithology. Perth : Paterson Brokensha xi 116 788 pp. (439–440)].

  Type data:

   Syntype(s) whereabouts unknown (dispersed and ?lost, ex Leverian Museum, those of Psittacus pennantii Latham, 1790 (q.v.) figured on pl. 53 in Shaw, G. & Nodder, F.P. (ill.) 1791. The Naturalist's Miscellany; or coloured figures of natural objects drawn and described immediately from nature. London : Nodder Vol. III pls 75–110 pp., figured on plate opposite p. 27 in Shaw, G. 1796. Museum Leverianum, containing select specimens from the Museum of the late Sir Ashton Lever, Kt. with descriptions in Latin and English. London : J. Parkinson 248 + 48 pp. [publication dated as 1792-1796, Pt 5 published Feb. 1793]), region of Port Jackson and Botany Bay, NSW (as Nova Hollandia/New Holland).

  Type locality references:

  Schodde, R. in Schodde, R. & Mason, I.J. 1997. Aves (Columbidae to Coraciidae). In, Houston, W.W.K. & Wells, A. (eds). Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Melbourne : CSIRO Publishing, Australia Vol. 37.2 xiii 440 pp. [175] (for reasons given under Psittacus pennantii Latham, 1790 and Psittacus elegans Gmelin, 1788 (q.v.)).
• Psittacus splendidus Shaw, G. & Nodder, F.P. 1792. The Naturalist's Miscellany, or coloured figures of natural objects; drawn and described from nature. London Vol. 3 pls 88–110, unnumbered pages. [nom. nov. for Psittacus gloriosus Shaw, 1791, by reference to the Splendid Parrot on pl. 53 in Shaw, G. In Shaw, G. & Nodder, F.P. (ill.) 1791. The Naturalist's Miscellany; or coloured figures of natural objects drawn and described immediately from nature. London : Nodder Vol. II pls 38–74 pp. [publication dated as 1790-1791] (plate 53 of original description dated Jan. 1791)].
• Psittacus elegans viridis Kerr, R. 1792. The Animal Kingdom, or Zoological System, of the celebrated Sir Charles Linnaeus; being a translation of that part of the Systema Naturae, as lately published, with great improvements, by Professor Gmelin of Goettingen. Class II. Birds. London : J. Murray & R. Faulder xii 644 pp. [567] [junior homonym of Psittacus viridis Meuschen, 1787 (=Amazona farinosa (Boddaert, 1783)), cf. Mathews, G.M. 1926. Another new book, which necessitates changes in nomenclature. Austral Avian Records 5: 81–100; nec Psittacus viridis Latham, 1790 (=Eclectus roratus (P.L.S. Müller, 1776)); based by reference largely on variety ß of Psittacus pennantii Latham, 1790 in Latham, J. 1790. Index ornithologicus, sive Systema Ornithologiae; complectens avium divisionem in classes, ordines, genera, species, ipsarumque varietates: adjectis synonymis, locis, descriptionibus, &c. London : Leigh & Sotheby Vol. 1 & 2 xviii 920 pp. [published Dec. Mathews, G.M. 1927. Systema Avium Australasianarum. A systematic list of the birds of the Australasian region. London : British Ornithologists' Union Pt 1 iv 426 pp. Mathews, G.M. 1913. A List of the Birds of Australia containing the names and synonyms connected with each genus, species, and subspecies of birds found in Australia, at present known to the author. London : Witherby xxvii 453 pp.] (90), error (=variety alpha), an immature of the Beautiful Lory in Latham, J. 1782. A General Synopsis of Birds. London : B. White Vol. 1 vi 788 pp. I–XXXV pls [Mathews, G.M. 1925. The Birds of Australia. Supplements 4 & 5. Bibliography of the Birds of Australia Pts 1 & 2. London : H.F. & G. Witherby viii 149 pp.]; for source material of Latham's Beautiful Lory, see Psittacus elegans Gmelin, 1788 (above); name misspelt, as incorrect subsequent spelling, viridus by Wells, R.W. & Wellington, R. 1992. A classification of the cockatoos and parrots (Aves: Psittaciformes) of Australia. Sydney Basin Naturalist 1: 107–169 [Zimmer, J.T. 1926. Catalogue of the Edward E. Ayer Ornithological Library. Field Museum of Natural History Publications, Zoological Series 16: 1–364 (Pt 1, Publ. 239), 365–706 (Pt 2, Publ. 240)]].

  Type data:

   Holotype whereabouts unknown (dispersed and ?lost), Botany Bay, NSW (as Molucca islands).

  Type locality references:

  Schodde, R. in Schodde, R. & Mason, I.J. 1997. Aves (Columbidae to Coraciidae). In, Houston, W.W.K. & Wells, A. (eds). Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Melbourne : CSIRO Publishing, Australia Vol. 37.2 xiii 440 pp. [175].
• Psittacus pennantii phillippi Kerr, R. 1792. The Animal Kingdom, or Zoological System, of the celebrated Sir Charles Linnaeus; being a translation of that part of the Systema Naturae, as lately published, with great improvements, by Professor Gmelin of Goettingen. Class II. Birds. London : J. Murray & R. Faulder xii 644 pp. [568] [as Ps. Pennantii Phillippi, after Governor Arthur Phillip—original spelling kept under ICZN Art. 31(a)(ii); based, through Psittacus pennantii var. ß in Latham, J. 1790. Index ornithologicus, sive Systema Ornithologiae; complectens avium divisionem in classes, ordines, genera, species, ipsarumque varietates: adjectis synonymis, locis, descriptionibus, &c. London : Leigh & Sotheby Vol. 1 & 2 xviii 920 pp. [published Dec. Mathews, G.M. 1927. Systema Avium Australasianarum. A systematic list of the birds of the Australasian region. London : British Ornithologists' Union Pt 1 iv 426 pp. Mathews, G.M. 1913. A List of the Birds of Australia containing the names and synonyms connected with each genus, species, and subspecies of birds found in Australia, at present known to the author. London : Witherby xxvii 453 pp.] (90), largely on the Pennantian Parrot on p. 154 and figure opposite in Phillip, A. 1789. The Voyage of Governor Phillip to Botany Bay; with an Account of the Establishment of the Colonies of Port Jackson & Norfolk Island compiled from authentic papers. London : J. Stockdale viii x 298 lxxiv pp. 54 pls].

  Type data:

   Holotype whereabouts unknown (?lost, ex Leverian Museum per A. Phillip? figured on plate opposite p. 154 in Phillip, A. 1789. The Voyage of Governor Phillip to Botany Bay; with an Account of the Establishment of the Colonies of Port Jackson & Norfolk Island compiled from authentic papers. London : J. Stockdale viii x 298 lxxiv pp. 54 pls), Port Jackson, NSW (as New South Wales).

  Type locality references:

  Phillip, A. 1789. The Voyage of Governor Phillip to Botany Bay; with an Account of the Establishment of the Colonies of Port Jackson & Norfolk Island compiled from authentic papers. London : J. Stockdale viii x 298 lxxiv pp. 54 pls. [154].
• Platycercus pennantii nobbsi Tristram, H.B. 1885. On two birds from Norfolk Island. Ibis 5 3: 48-49 [49] [as Platycercus pennanti var. nobbsi; also misspelt hobbsi by Sharpe, R.B. 1906. Birds. pp. 79–515 in, The History of the Collections contained in the Natural History Departments of the British Museum. London : British Museum Vol. 2. (474); for status of form, see Salvadori, T. 1891. Catalogue of the Birds in the British Museum. Catalogue of the Psittaci, or Parrots. London : British Museum Vol. 20 xvii 658 pp. XVIII pls (543); described from progeny of birds introduced probably from region of Port Jackson, NSW, during the period of early penal settlements on Norfolk Island, 1788–early 1830s, see Schodde, R., Fullagar, P. & Hermes, N. 1983. A Review of Norfolk Island Birds: Past and Present. Canberra : Aust. Natl Parks Wldlf. Serv. Spec. Publ. 8 viii (un–numbered) 119 pp.].

  Type data:

   
  Syntype(s) BMNH 1898.12.2.200 unsexed adult, Norfolk Is., Tasman Sea; BMNH no. unspecified unsexed, Norfolk Is., Tasman Sea; LIVCM T.18310 ♂ (in ethanol), Norfolk Is., Tasman Sea; LIVCM T.10139 ♀ (in ethanol), Norfolk Is., Tasman Sea
  Comment: for identification of syntypes, see Warren, R.L.M. 1966. Type-specimens of Birds in the British Museum (Natural History). Vol. 1 Non-Passerines. London : British Museum ix 320 pp.; Wagstaffe, R. 1978. Type Specimens of Birds in the Merseyside County Museums. Liverpool : Merseyside County Museums, Merseyside County Council 33 pp.
• Platycercus elegans victoriae Mathews, G.M. 1912. A Reference-List to the Birds of Australia. Novitates Zoologicae 18: 171-455 [Date published 31 Jan 1912] [270].

  Type data:

   Holotype AMNH 622632 ♂ (G.M. Mathews' coll. no. 9375), Woori Yallock, VIC (as Victoria)
  Comment: for identification of holotype, see Greenway, J.C. 1978. Type specimens of birds in the American Museum of Natural History. Pt 2. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 161: 1–306.

  Type locality references:

  Mathews, G.M. 1913. A List of the Birds of Australia containing the names and synonyms connected with each genus, species, and subspecies of birds found in Australia, at present known to the author. London : Witherby xxvii 453 pp.

Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy

• Condon, H.T. 1975. Checklist of the Birds of Australia. Part 1 Non-Passerines. Melbourne : Royal Australasian Ornithologists Union xx 311 pp. [193]

Distribution

States

Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Victoria

Extra Distribution Information

E and W scarps of Great Dividing Range, north to Blackall Range and Amamoor-Cooran, QLD, with outlying populations on the Blackdown Tableland and Eungella plateau, Clarke Range, QLD—east to coast south of Manning River, NSW, rarely north to lower Clarence, lower Richmond and lower Tweed River valleys, NSW—south and south-west to S VIC and the South-East of SA as far as Frances, Keppoch and Kingston—inland to Bunya Mts, QLD, Nandewar, Warrumbungle and Warrumba Ranges, Young and Holbrook, NSW, and Strathbogie Ranges, Wedderburn and Grampians, VIC, occasionally wandering into eastern Riverina, NSW, where it intergrades locally with P. e. flaveolus Gould, 1837, in Murray-Murrumbidgee river drainages between Jugiong and Lake Hume-Wangaratta. Introduced to Norfolk Is. in early 19th century and now well established, also introduced unsuccessfully on Lord Howe Is.

IBRA

ACT, NSW, Qld, SA, Vic: Australian Alps (AA), Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Broken Hill Complex (BHC), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Cobar Peneplain (CP), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Desert Uplands (DEU), Darling Riverine Plains (DRP), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), Eyre Yorke Block (EYB), Flinders Lofty Block (FLB), Flinders (FLI), Gawler (GAW), Kanmantoo (KAN), Murray Darling Depression (MDD), Mulga Lands (ML), Nandewar (NAN), Naracoorte Coastal Plain (NCP), New England Tablelands (NET), NSW North Coast (NNC), NSW South Western Slopes (NSS), Riverina (RIV), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Coastal Plain (SCP), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Victorian Midlands (VM), Victorian Volcanic Plain (VVP), Wet Tropics (WT)

IMCRA

Norfolk Island Province (21)

Original AFD Distribution Data

Australian Region

• Australia
  • Australian Capital Territory
  • New South Wales: Murray-Darling basin, SE coastal
  • Norfolk Island
  • Queensland: NE coastal
  • South Australia: Murray-Darling basin, S Gulfs, SE coastal
  • Victoria
• New Zealand

Ecological Descriptors

Arboreal, closed forest, diurnal, florivore, folivore, frugivorous, granivore, gregarious, nomadic, open forest, sedentary, tall forest, terrestrial, volant, woodland.

Extra Ecological Information

Seasonal breeder, feeds mainly on seeds both on ground and in trees (mostly Eucalyptus) in all closer woodlands and forests, flies in shallow undulations bringing wings in to side of body, nests on bed of wood dust/debris in tree hollows, incubation by female, both sexes rear pale grey-downed, yellowish-billed chicks, wanders locally to seasonal food sources, juveniles often banding together in flocks and travelling more widely than adults.

General References

Brereton, J. Le G. & Sourry, C. 1959. Some observations on the distribution and abundance of closely-related parrots of the New England district of New South Wales. The Emu 59: 93-100 (ecological distribution, habitat)

Bridgewater, A.E. 1934. The food of Platycercus eximius and P. elegans. The Emu 33: 175-186 (diet)

Courtney, J. 1967. Observations on hybridism among rosellas in the natural state. The Emu 67: 152-154 (hybridization with P. eximius (Shaw, 1792))

Joseph, L. & Hope, R. 1984. Aspects of genetic relationships and variation in parrots of the Crimson Rosella Platycercus elegans complex (Aves: Psittacidae). Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia 108: 77-84 (biosystematics, population genetics)

Long, J.L. 1981. Introduced Birds of the World. The worldwide history, distribution and influence of birds introduced to new environments. Illustrated by Susan Tingay. Sydney : A.H. & A.W. Reed 528 pp. (introductions)

Magrath, R.D. & Lill, A. 1983. The use of time and energy by the Crimson Rosella in a temperate wet forest in winter. Australian Journal of Zoology 31: 903-912 (foraging behaviour, energy budget)

Magrath, R.D. & Lill, A. 1985. Age-related differences in behaviour and ecology of Crimson Rosellas, Platycercus elegans, during the non-breeding season. Australian Wildlife Research 12: 299-306 (behaviour, ecology)

McFarland, D.C. 1982. Dew drinking by Crimson Rosella. Australian Birds 16: 65 (behaviour)

History of changes

• Platycercus elegans filewoodi McAllan, I.A.W. & Bruce, M.D. 1989. The Birds of New South Wales A Working List. Turramurra, New South Wales : Biocon Research Group vii 103 pp. [publication dated 1988, published May 1989] [42].

  Type data:

   Holotype AM 0.53788 ♂ adult, Fredrickson's Farm (as Frederickson's), near Massey Creek, Clarke Range, QLD.
  Paratype(s) AM 0.53789 ♀ adult.

  Type locality references:

  Longmore, N.W. 1991. Type specimens of birds in the Australian Museum. Technical Reports of the Australian Museum n 4: 1-42.

Distribution

States

Queensland

IBRA

Qld: Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Central Mackay Coast (CMC)

History of changes

• Platycercus flaveolus Gould, J. 1838. A Synopsis of the Birds of Australia, and the Adjacent Islands. London : J. Gould 8 pp., 73 pls. [Pt 3, published Apr. 1838, publication dated as 1837–1838] [text to pl. 23, fig. 1] [first read at meeting of Zoological Society of London, Feb. 28, 1837, but not published until Nov. 1837 in Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1837: 26, see Sclater, P.L. 1893. List of the dates of delivery of the sheets of the "Proceedings" of the Zoological Society of London, from the commencement in 1830 to 1859 inclusive. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1893: 435–440, cf. Mathews, G.M. 1912. A Reference-List to the Birds of Australia. Novitates Zoologicae 18: 171–455 [publication dated Jan. 1912, published 31 Jan.]; Mathews, G.M. 1917. The Birds of Australia. London : Witherby & Co. Vol. 6 pts 1–6 xix 516 pp. pls 275–324 [publication dated as 1916–1917]; Meyer de Schauensee, R. 1957. On some avian types, principally Gould's, in the collection of the Academy. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 109: 123–246; published without reference to specimens or precise locality, but the introduction to Gould's (loc. cit.) concurrent account in the Proceedings of the Zoological Society (p. 24) indicates that he based this species on material in his own collection—at that time and in immediately succeeding years, Gould appears to have had only one specimen in his collection, from Sir Thomas Mitchell, see Gould, J. 1848. The Birds of Australia. London : J. Gould 5 92 pls pp. [published Sept. 1841] (text to pl. 25): this specimen, evidently figured on plate 25 in the latter work, is therefore treated here as holotype, see also Meyer de Schauensee, R. 1957. On some avian types, principally Gould's, in the collection of the Academy. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 109: 123–246 (citing incorrect plate no.); type locality assumed as 'Darling River or near it' by Meyer de Schauensee, R. 1957. On some avian types, principally Gould's, in the collection of the Academy. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 109: 123–246, but the only specimens cited by Gould until then were those that he had seen from Mitchell in AM, including one from the lower Bogan River outside the known range, see Whittell, H.M. 1954. The Literature of Australian Birds: a History and Bibliography of Australian Ornithology. Perth : Paterson Brokensha xi 116 788 pp. (529)—thus the holotype could have come from anywhere along the middle Darling, Lachlan and Murray Rivers on either of Mitchell's explorations through western New South Wales in 1835 and 1836].

  Type data:

   Holotype ANSP 22847 ♂ (Verreaux cat. no. 272, figured on pl. 23 (head only) in Gould, J. 1838. A Synopsis of the Birds of Australia, and the Adjacent Islands. London : J. Gould 73 pls 8 pp. [publication dated 1837-1838, Pt 2, Jan. (=Apr.) 1837; Pt 4 published 1838 Schodde, R. 1989. The story behind the description in Canberra Bird Notes of new subspecies of birds. Canberra Bird Notes 14: 90–91] and pl. 25 in Gould, J. 1848. The Birds of Australia. London : J. Gould 5 92 pls pp. [published Sept. 1841]), middle Darling, Lachlan or Murray Rivers, NSW, (as New South Wales)
  Comment: for identification of holotype, see Stone, W. in Stone, W. & Mathews, G.M. 1913. A list of the species of Australian birds described by John Gould, with the location of the type-specimens. Austral Avian Records 1: 129–180; Meyer de Schauensee, R. 1957. On some avian types, principally Gould's, in the collection of the Academy. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 109: 123–246.
• Platycercus flaveolus innominatus Mathews, G.M. 1912. A Reference-List to the Birds of Australia. Novitates Zoologicae 18: 171-455 [Date published 31 Jan 1912] [270] [holotype figured on pl. 301 and described in detail on pp. 317–318 in Mathews, G.M. 1917. The Birds of Australia. London : Witherby & Co. Vol. 6 pt 4 pp. 297–372 pls 300–307 [27 June 1917, volume dated as 1916–1917]].

  Type data:

   Holotype AMNH 622751 ♂ (G.M. Mathews' coll. no. 1056), Mannum, SA (as South Australia)
  Comment: for identification of holotype, see Greenway, J.C. 1978. Type specimens of birds in the American Museum of Natural History. Pt 2. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 161: 1–306.

  Type locality references:

  Mathews, G.M. 1913. A List of the Birds of Australia containing the names and synonyms connected with each genus, species, and subspecies of birds found in Australia, at present known to the author. London : Witherby xxvii 453 pp. (as Mannam).

Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy

• Condon, H.T. 1975. Checklist of the Birds of Australia. Part 1 Non-Passerines. Melbourne : Royal Australasian Ornithologists Union xx 311 pp. [193-194]

Distribution

States

New South Wales, South Australia, Victoria

Extra Distribution Information

Murray-Darling-Lachlan-Murrumbidgee River systems, downstream to about Mannum on Murray, SA, upstream to Menindee and occasionally Tilpa on Darling, Hillston on Lachlan, Tarcutta-Gundagai-Jugiong on Murrumbidgee, NSW, and Albury-Wangaratta on Murray-Ovens Rivers, VIC, rare and erratic further east along those systems to Peak Hill, Orange, Cowra, Yass and Canberra (?aviary escapees), NSW/ACT. Intergrades with P. e. elegans (Gmelin, 1788) around Tarcutta-Gundagai-Jugiong on Murrumbidgee drainage, and around Hume Dam and middle King-Ovens valley on Murray drainage, also intergrades with P. e. subadelaidae Mathews, 1912-P. e. fleurieuensis Ashby, 1917 complex along Marne River, SA, and in mallee lands to immediate north-west.

IBRA

NSW, SA, Vic: Australian Alps (AA), Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Broken Hill Complex (BHC), Cobar Peneplain (CP), Darling Riverine Plains (DRP), Flinders Lofty Block (FLB), Kanmantoo (KAN), Murray Darling Depression (MDD), Mulga Lands (ML), Nandewar (NAN), New England Tablelands (NET), NSW South Western Slopes (NSS), Riverina (RIV), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), Victorian Midlands (VM)

Original AFD Distribution Data

Australian Region

• Australia
  • New South Wales: Murray-Darling basin
  • South Australia: Murray-Darling basin
  • Victoria: Murray-Darling basin

Ecological Descriptors

Arboreal, diurnal, florivore, folivore, frugivorous, granivore, gregarious, nomadic, open forest, sedentary, terrestrial, volant, woodland.

Extra Ecological Information

Seasonal breeder, restricted to river gum-box (Eucalyptus camaldulensis, E. largiflorens) woodlands, feeds mainly on seeds arboreally (Eucalyptus) and on ground, often flocks in small groups (particularly immatures), flies in shallow undulations bringing wings in to side of body, nests on bed of wood dust/debris in tree hollows, incubation by female, both sexes rear pale grey-downed, yellowish-billed chicks, wanders locally to seasonal food sources.

General References

Boehm, E.F. 1959. Parrots and cockatoos of the Mount Mary Plains, South Australia. The Emu 59: 83-87 (intergradation with Mt Lofty Range complex of species)

Cole, C.F. 1919. Notes upon the food of the Yellow Parrot (Platycercus flaveolus). The Emu 18: 272-285 (diet)

Ford, J. 1977. Area of origin of the Yellow Rosella. The Emu 77: 229-230 (zoogeography)

Joseph, L. & Hope, R. 1984. Aspects of genetic relationships and variation in parrots of the Crimson Rosella Platycercus elegans complex (Aves: Psittacidae). Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia 108: 77-84 (biosystematics, population genetics)

History of changes

• Platycercus elegans fleurieuensis Ashby, E. 1917. Description of a new sub-species of Platycercus elegans (Gmelin). The Emu 17: 43-45 [43] [proposed conditionally but available under ICZN Art. 15; syntypes figured in Emu 17: pl. 17 (1918); for their identification (as holotype and paratype) and their locality, see Condon, H.T. 1976. Vertebrate type-specimens in the South Australian Museum IV. Birds. Records of the South Australian Museum 17: 189–193; as no holotype was specified in the original description, the nomination by Bourjot Saint-Hilaire, A. 1838. Histoire Naturelle des Perroquets, troisième volume (Supplémentaire), pour faire suite aux deux volumes de Levaillant, contenant les espèces laissées inédites par cet auteur ou récemment découvertes. Paris : F.G. Levrault xl 110 pp. 111 pls [publication dated as 1837–1838] effects lectotypification instead under ICZN Art. 74].

  Type data:

   Lectotype SAMA B2323 ♂, Second Valley, Fleurieu Peninsula, SA.
  Paralectotype(s) SAMA B5333 ♀.

  Subsequent designation references:

  Condon, H.T. 1976. Vertebrate type-specimens in the South Australian Museum IV. Birds. Records of the South Australian Museum (Adelaide) 17: 189-193.

Distribution

States

South Australia

Extra Distribution Information

Centred on Fleurieu Peninsula north to Bungala-Inman Rivers and east to Hindmarsh River valley and Crows Nest Range, SA. Intergrades further northwards with P. e. subadelaidae Mathews, 1912 throughout the Mt Lofty Range and its flanks west to the E Adelaide Plains, east to the W Murray Mallee as far as Murray Bridge area, Wongulla, Sutherlands and Florieton, and north to the Campbell Hills south of Jamestown, also intergrades with P. e. flaveolus Gould, 1837 along lower Marne River, and surrounding mallee lands, SA.

IBRA

SA: Eyre Yorke Block (EYB), Flinders Lofty Block (FLB), Gawler (GAW), Kanmantoo (KAN)

Original AFD Distribution Data

Australian Region

• Australia
  • South Australia: S Gulfs

Ecological Descriptors

Arboreal, diurnal, florivore, folivore, frugivorous, granivore, gregarious, nomadic, open forest, sedentary, tall forest, terrestrial, volant, woodland.

Extra Ecological Information

Seasonal breeder, feeds mainly on seeds arboreally (Eucalyptus) and on ground, often flocks in small groups (particularly immatures), flies in shallow undulations bringing wings in to side of body, nests on bed of wood dust/debris in tree hollows, incubation by female, both sexes rear pale grey-downed, yellowish-billed chicks, wanders locally to seasonal food sources.

General References

Ashby, E. 1917. Description of a new sub-species of Platycercus elegans (Gmelin). The Emu 17: 43-45 (distribution, systematics)

Joseph, L. & Hope, R. 1984. Aspects of genetic relationships and variation in parrots of the Crimson Rosella Platycercus elegans complex (Aves: Psittacidae). Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia 108: 77-84 (biosystematics, population genetics)

Lea, A.M. & Gray, J.T. 1935. The food of Australian birds. An analysis of the stomach contents. Part II. The Emu 35: 63-98 (diet)

History of changes

• Platycercus melanoptera North, A.J. 1906. Kangaroo Island Birds. The Register, Adelaide 71(18639): 3 [published 9 Aug.] [3, col. 2] [proposed conditionally but available under ICZN Art. 15; re-published in North, A.J. 1906. Kangaroo Island birds. Emu 6: 78 [published Oct.]; as the original description is limited to traits of adulthood, only those adults in SAMA collected before Aug. 1906 are syntypes: they are labelled as coming from Middle River, and their numbers were communicated by S.A. Parker].

  Type data:

   
  Syntype(s) SAMA B9123 ♂ adult, Middle River, Kangaroo Is., SA (as Kangaroo Island); SAMA B9124 ♂ adult, Middle River, Kangaroo Is., SA (as Kangaroo Island).

  Type locality references:

  Schodde, R. in Schodde, R. & Mason, I.J. 1997. Aves (Columbidae to Coraciidae). In, Houston, W.W.K. & Wells, A. (eds). Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Melbourne : CSIRO Publishing, Australia Vol. 37.2 xiii 440 pp. [178].

Distribution

States

South Australia

Extra Distribution Information

W Kangaroo Is., east to Stokes and Vivonne Bays.

IBRA

SA: Eyre Yorke Block (EYB), Flinders Lofty Block (FLB), Gawler (GAW), Kanmantoo (KAN)

Original AFD Distribution Data

Australian Region

• Australia
  • South Australia: S Gulfs

Ecological Descriptors

Arboreal, diurnal, florivore, folivore, frugivorous, granivore, gregarious, nomadic, open forest, sedentary, tall forest, terrestrial, volant, woodland.

Extra Ecological Information

Seasonal breeder, feeds mainly on seeds arboreally (Eucalyptus) and on ground, flies in shallow undulations bringing wings in to side of body, wanders locally to seasonal food sources.

General References

Joseph, L. & Hope, R. 1984. Aspects of genetic relationships and variation in parrots of the Crimson Rosella Platycercus elegans complex (Aves: Psittacidae). Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia 108: 77-84 (biosystematics, population genetics)

History of changes

• Platycercus pennantii nigrescens Ramsay, E.P. 1888. Tabular List of all the Australian Birds at present known to the author, showing the Distribution of the Species over the continent of Australia and adjacent islands. Sydney : E.P. Ramsay 38 pp. [34] [as Platycercus pennantii var. nigrescens; for identification of type material, see Hindwood, K.A. 1946. A list of the types and paratypes of birds from Australian localities in the Australian Museum, Sydney, New South Wales. Records of the Australian Museum 21: 386–393; Longmore, N.W. 1991. Type specimens of birds in the Australian Museum. Technichal Report of the Australian Museum n 4: 1–42; three specimens were measured in the orginal description but not designated; judged by Ramsay's observation 'back … almost all black', they are the three non-green backed adults out of the four potential type specimens in AM: one of the adults alone was cited as type by Hindwood, K.A. 1946. A list of the types and paratypes of birds from Australian localities in the Australian Museum, Sydney, New South Wales. Records of the Australian Museum 21: 386–393, effecting lectotypification under ICZN Art. 74(a) & (b)].

  Type data:

   Lectotype AM 0.195, Bellenden Ker Range, QLD.
  Paralectotype(s) AM 0.1950; AM 0.1952; AM 0.1952.

  Subsequent designation references:

  Hindwood, K.A. 1946. A list of the types and paratypes of birds from Australian localities in the Australian Museum, Sydney, New South Wales. Records of the Australian Museum 21: 386-393.

Distribution

States

Queensland

Extra Distribution Information

Subcoastal tablelands of NE QLD, above 500 m altitude, north to Windsor Tableland, south to the Seaview and Paluma Ranges, and inland to the Herberton Range and Ravenshoe.

IBRA

Qld: Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Desert Uplands (DEU), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), NSW North Coast (NNC), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Wet Tropics (WT)

Original AFD Distribution Data

Australian Region

• Australia
  • Queensland: NE coastal

Ecological Descriptors

Arboreal, closed forest, diurnal, florivore, folivore, frugivorous, granivore, gregarious, nomadic, sedentary, tall forest, terrestrial, volant.

Extra Ecological Information

Seasonal breeder, feeds primarily on seeds in canopy of rainforest edges and eucalypt forest, flies in shallow undulations bringing wings in to side of body, nests on bed of wood dust/debris in tree hollows, incubation by female, both sexes rear pale grey-downed, yellowish-billed chicks, wanders locally to seasonal food sources.

History of changes

• Platycercus elegans subadelaidae Mathews, G.M. 1912. A Reference-List to the Birds of Australia. Novitates Zoologicae 18: 171-455 [Date published 31 Jan 1912] [270].

  Type data:

   Holotype AMNH 622676 ♂ (G.M. Mathew's coll. no. 9896), Gum Creek, northeast of Port Augusta, Flinders Range, SA (as Port Augusta)
  Comment: for identification of holotype and type locality, see Greenway, J.C. 1978. Type specimens of birds in the American Museum of Natural History. Pt 2. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 161: 1–306.

Distribution

States

South Australia

Extra Distribution Information

Centred in S Flinders Range, from Mt Zion north to Buckaringa Hill, west to middle Mambray Creek and east to Laura, upper Willochra Creek and Quorn. Intergrades further southwards with P. e. fleurieuensis Ashby, 1917 throughout the Mt Lofty Range and its flanks west to the E Adelaide Plains, east to the W Murray Mallee as far as Florieton, Sutherlands, Wongulla and Murray Bridge area, and south to the Bungala-Inman-Hindmarsh River valleys; also intergrades with P. e. flaveolus Gould, 1837 along lower Marne River.

IBRA

SA: Eyre Yorke Block (EYB), Flinders Lofty Block (FLB), Gawler (GAW), Kanmantoo (KAN)

Original AFD Distribution Data

Australian Region

• Australia
  • South Australia: S Gulfs

Ecological Descriptors

Arboreal, diurnal, florivore, folivore, frugivorous, granivore, gregarious, nomadic, open forest, sedentary, terrestrial, volant, woodland.

Extra Ecological Information

Seasonal breeder, feeds mainly on seeds arboreally (Eucalyptus) and also on ground, often flocks in small groups (particularly immatures), flies in shallow undulations bringing wings in to side of body, nests on bed of wood dust/debris in tree hollows, incubation by female, both sexes rear pale grey-downed, yellowish-billed chicks, wanders locally to seasonal food sources.

General References

Boehm, E.F. 1959. Parrots and cockatoos of the Mount Mary Plains, South Australia. The Emu 59: 83-87 (intergradation with P. e. flaveolus Gould, 1837)

Ford, J. 1977. Area of origin of the Yellow Rosella. The Emu 77: 229-230 (zoogeography)

Joseph, L. & Hope, R. 1984. Aspects of genetic relationships and variation in parrots of the Crimson Rosella Platycercus elegans complex (Aves: Psittacidae). Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia 108: 77-84 (biosystematics, population genetics)

History of changes