Genus Phonognatha Simon, 1894
- Phonognatha Simon, E. 1894. Histoire naturelle des araignées. Paris Vol. 1 pp. 489-760. [748-749].
Type species:
Epeira graeffei Keyserling, 1865 by original designation. Type species:
Epeira melania L. Koch, 1871 by original designation.
Introduction
Genus transferred to the Araneidae from the Tetragnathidae by Kuntner, Coddington & Hormiga (2008).
Distribution
States
Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia
IBRA
ACT, NSW, Qld, SA, Tas, Vic: Australian Alps (AA), Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Ben Lomond (BEL), Flinders Lofty Block (FLB), Flinders (FLI), Kanmantoo (KAN), Mulga Lands (ML), Nandewar (NAN), New England Tablelands (NET), NSW North Coast (NNC), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Coastal Plain (SCP), South East Corner (SEC), Victorian Volcanic Plain (VVP), Wet Tropics (WT) ; ACT, NSW, Qld, SA, Tas, Vic, WA: Avon Wheatbelt (AW), Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Broken Hill Complex (BHC), Carnarvon (CAR), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Coolgardie (COO), Eyre Yorke Block (EYB), Geraldton Sandplains (GS), Jarrah Forest (JF), Mallee (MAL), Murray Darling Depression (MDD), NSW South Western Slopes (NSS), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Swan Coastal Plain (SWA), Tasmanian Northern Midlands (TNM), Tasmanian South East (TSE)
General References
Kallal, R.J. & Hormiga, G. 2018. Systematics, phylogeny and biogeography of the Australasian leaf-curling orb-weaving spiders (Araneae: Araneidae: Zygiellinae), with a comparative analysis of retreat evolution. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 184: 1-87 [25]
Kuntner, M., Coddington J.A. & Hormiga, G. 2008. Phylogeny of extant nephilid orb-weaving spiders (Araneae, Nephilidae): testing morphological and ethological homologies. Cladistics 24: 147-217 [190]
History of changes
| Published | As part of group | Action Date | Action Type | Compiler(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 15-Oct-2020 | 20-Jun-2012 | MODIFIED | ||
| 15-Oct-2020 | 21-Jul-2011 | MOVED | ||
| 12-Feb-2010 | (import) |
- Epeira graeffii Keyserling, E. 1865. Beiträge zur Kenntniss der Orbitelae Latr. Verhandlungen der Kaiserlich-Königlichen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien 15: 799-856 [811].
Type data:
Syntype(s) BMNH, Wollongong, NSW. - Epeira wagneri Rainbow, W.J. 1896. Descriptions of some New Araneidae of New South Wales. No. 6. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 21: 320-344 pls 18-20 [325].
Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy
- Dondale, C.D. 1966. The spider fauna (Araneida) of deciduous orchards in the Australian Capital Territory. Australian Journal of Zoology 14: 1157-1192 [1171]
Generic Combinations
- Phonognatha graeffei Keyserling, 1865. —
Simon, E. 1894. Histoire naturelle des araignées. Paris Vol. 1 pp. 489-760. [748 figs 829-831]
Miscellaneous Literature Names
- Araneus graeffei L. Koch, 1871 [erroneous listing in previous version of AFD. Koch (1871) only cited Keyserling's species (Epeira graeffei)].
Distribution
States
Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria
IBRA
ACT, NSW, Qld, SA, Tas, Vic: Australian Alps (AA), Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Ben Lomond (BEL), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Eyre Yorke Block (EYB), Flinders Lofty Block (FLB), Flinders (FLI), Kanmantoo (KAN), Mulga Lands (ML), Nandewar (NAN), New England Tablelands (NET), NSW North Coast (NNC), NSW South Western Slopes (NSS), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Coastal Plain (SCP), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Tasmanian South East (TSE), Victorian Volcanic Plain (VVP), Wet Tropics (WT)
General References
Davies, V.T. 1988. An illustrated guide to the genera of orb-weaving spiders in Australia. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 25: 273-332 [288 fig 10]
Dondale, C.D. 1966. The spider fauna (Araneida) of deciduous orchards in the Australian Capital Territory. Australian Journal of Zoology 14: 1157-1192 [1171 figs 5A-G]
Hormiga, G., Eberhard, W.G. & Coddington, J.A. 1995. Web-construction behaviour in Australian Phonognatha and the phylogeny of nephiline and tetragnathid spiders (Araneae: Tetragnathidae). Australian Journal of Zoology 43: 313-364 [323 figs 5K, 8A-G]
Kallal, R.J. & Hormiga, G. 2018. Systematics, phylogeny and biogeography of the Australasian leaf-curling orb-weaving spiders (Araneae: Araneidae: Zygiellinae), with a comparative analysis of retreat evolution. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 184: 1-87 [26, Figs 10A, 11–14]
Kuntner, M., Coddington J.A. & Hormiga, G. 2008. Phylogeny of extant nephilid orb-weaving spiders (Araneae, Nephilidae): testing morphological and ethological homologies. Cladistics 24: 147-217 [170 figs 11A-C, E-G]
History of changes
| Published | As part of group | Action Date | Action Type | Compiler(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 31-Jul-2019 | ARANEIDAE Simon, 1895 | 26-Jul-2019 | MODIFIED | |
| 15-Oct-2020 | ARANEIDAE Simon, 1895 | 13-Jul-2016 | MODIFIED | |
| 15-Oct-2020 | 01-May-2014 | MODIFIED | ||
| 15-Oct-2020 | 21-Jul-2011 | MOVED | ||
| 12-Feb-2010 | (import) |
- Epeira melania Koch, L. 1871. Die Arachniden Australiens, nach der Natur beschrieben und abgebildet. Nürnberg : Bauer & Raspe Vol. 1(1-2) 1-104 pp. [100].
Type data:
Syntype(s) ZMH, Between Port Denison & Bowen, QLD. - Singotypa pallida Dalmas, R. de 1917. Trois araignées nouvelles d'Australie. Annales de la Société Entomologique de France 86: 431-436 [435].
Generic Combinations
- Phonognatha melania (L. Koch, 1871). —
Dondale, C.D. 1966. The spider fauna (Araneida) of deciduous orchards in the Australian Capital Territory. Australian Journal of Zoology 14: 1157-1192 [1172 figs 5H-O] - Meta melania (L. Koch, 1871). —
Keyserling, E. 1887. Die Arachniden Australiens. Nürnberg Vol. 2 153-232 pp. [207 pl 18 fig 7] (described male) - Singotypa melania (L. Koch, 1871). —
Simon, E. 1894. Histoire naturelle des araignées. Paris Vol. 1 pp. 489-760. [749]
Distribution
States
Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia
IBRA
ACT, NSW, Qld, SA, Tas, Vic, WA: Avon Wheatbelt (AW), Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Broken Hill Complex (BHC), Carnarvon (CAR), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Coolgardie (COO), Eyre Yorke Block (EYB), Geraldton Sandplains (GS), Jarrah Forest (JF), Mallee (MAL), Murray Darling Depression (MDD), NSW South Western Slopes (NSS), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Swan Coastal Plain (SWA), Tasmanian Northern Midlands (TNM), Tasmanian South East (TSE)
General References
Hickman, V.V. 1967. Some Common Spiders of Tasmania. Hobart : Tasmanian Museum and Art Gallery 112 pp. [56 figs 99-102]
History of changes
| Published | As part of group | Action Date | Action Type | Compiler(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 31-Jul-2019 | ARANEIDAE Simon, 1895 | 16-Jul-2019 | MODIFIED | |
| 15-Oct-2020 | 20-Jun-2012 | MODIFIED | ||
| 15-Oct-2020 | 21-Jul-2011 | MOVED | ||
| 12-Feb-2010 | (import) |
- Phonognatha tanyodon Kallal, R.J. & Hormiga, G. 2018. Systematics, phylogeny and biogeography of the Australasian leaf-curling orb-weaving spiders (Araneae: Araneidae: Zygiellinae), with a comparative analysis of retreat evolution. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 184: 1-87 [48, Figs 23-26].
Type data:
Holotype AM KS.128821 ♂, Budderoo National Park, NSW [34.634S, 150.724E].
Paratype(s) AM KS.128822 ♀, Budderoo National Park, NSW [34.635S, 150.728E].
Distribution
States
New South Wales, Queensland
IBRA
NSW, Qld: Sydney Basin (SB), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ)
History of changes
| Published | As part of group | Action Date | Action Type | Compiler(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ARANEIDAE Simon, 1895 | 16-Jul-2019 | ADDED |