• PHASMATIDAE Leach, W.E. 1815. Entomology. pp. 57-172 in Brewster (ed.). The Edinburgh Encyclopedia. Edinburgh : William Blackburn Vol. 9(1) 764 pp. [reprint 1830].

Introduction

The Australian fauna is represented by six subfamilies (Brock & Hasenpusch 2009). Brock and Hasenpusch (2009) outline the features of each subfamily and give summaries of biology and distribution of all species.

Key (1957, 1960) discussed the taxonomy and microstructure of injurious Australian species.

The Tropidoderinae have an Australia-wide distribution with long-winged species resembling leaves, not twigs. Podacanthus has a regularly spined mesonotum, long cerci and fully-winged females with two species that can be of economic concern. Extatosoma tiaratum (Macleay) is one of the most spectacular of Australian stick insects. Its nymphs are aposematic and resemble ants. The adults are easily bred and, among at least four other Australian species, are a popular pet in Britain and Europe. Notes on the biology of both Podacanthus and Tropidoderus were provided by Bedford (1968).

The Phasmatinae are large (up to 240 mm in length), long-winged and typically stick-like. The Phasmatinae have an Australia-wide distribution. The longest Australian stick insect, Acrophylla titan Macleay, of the east coast, is a member of this subfamily. A similarly large but much heavier insect is Eurycnema goliath (Gray). Both of these insects vie for honours as Australia's largest insects. Notes on the foods, life expectancy and egg production of E. goliath were provided by Bedford (1968). Brock (1994) reported that an Acrophylla titan female in captivity laid 2,050 eggs, a record number of eggs for any stick insect.

The Eurycanthinae are a group of robust, dark brown, wingless species mainly Papuan in distribution. They have greatly thickened hind femora with heavy spines beneath. Native peoples have used the hind femora as fish hooks. All Australian representatives occur on islands; none is known from the mainland.

The biology and defensive behaviour of Eurycantha sp. was studied by Bedford (1975). Popular reports suggest that the Lord Howe stick insect had a very similar behaviour.

The Platycraninae are represented in Australia by two monotypic genera (Brock & Hasenpusch 2009). Species in the genus have been recorded from many Pacific islands, living only on Pandanus tectorius Parkinson. One population in north-eastern Australia seems to be wholly parthenogenetic while males are known from other populations of what appears to be the same species. Individuals live in the midribs of the Pandanus leaves and they have a peculiar manner of locomotion where the fore and middle legs are used and the hind ones not. When interrupted during the day, an individual scuttles towards the centre of the plant. If further threatened, they can squirt a milky white substance at the intruder. Franzman (1974) recorded the behaviour of the species and its occurrence in Queensland.

The Xeroderinae are a Melanesian and Papuan group. The subfamily is represented in Australia by one species.

The Pachymorphinae are a large subfamily of robust grey, small, stout-bodied, wingless species that are usually found on the ground or low on tree trunks. One species is found at moderately high elevations in the Kosciusko Massif.

The Lonchodinae are a large South-East Asian, New Guinean and Australian assemblage of wingless species. They occur on herbaceous vegetation and grasses. Very slender species can be found in tall tropical grasses.

General References

Audinet-Serville, J.G. 1839. Histoire Naturelle des Insectes. Orthoptères. Paris : Librairie Encyclopédique de Roret i-xviii, 1-776, Atlas pls 1-14. [dated 1838]

Bedford, G.O. 1968. Notes on the biology of some Australian stick insects (Phasmatodea). Journal of the Australian Entomological Society 7: 81-82

Bedford, G.O. 1975. Defensive behaviour of the New Guinea stick insect Eurycantha (Phasmatodea: Phasmatidae: Eurycanthinae). Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 100: 218-222

Beier, M. 1957. Orthopteroidea. Ordnung Cheleutoptera Crampton, 1915. pp. 305-454 in Bronn, H.G. (ed.). Die Klassen und Ordnungen des Tierreichs. Leipzig : Akademische Verlagsgesellschaft Geest & Portig K.-G. Vol. 6(5)(3).

Beier, M. 1968. Ordnung Phasmida (Stab-oder Gespenstheuschrecken). Handbuch der Zoologie Berlin 4(2): 1-56

Bradley, J.C. & Galil, B.S. 1977. The taxonomic arrangement of the Phasmatodea with keys to the subfamilies and tribes. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 79: 176-208

Brock, P.D. 1994. Giant stick-insects in Australia: Notes on Acrophylla titan (Macleay). Bulletin of the Amateur Entomologist's Society 53: 61-67

Brock, P.D. & Hasenpusch, J.W. 2009. The Complete Field Guide to Stick and Leaf Insects of Australia. Collingwoord, Victoria : CSIRO Publishing 204 pp.

Brock, P.D. & Hasenpusch, J.W. 2009. The Complete Field Guide to Stick and Leaf Insects of Australia. Collingwoord, Victoria : CSIRO Publishing 204 pp.

Brunner von Wattenwyl, C. 1893. Révision du système des Orthoptères et description des espèces rapportées par M. Leonardo Fea de Birmanie. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale, Genova 2a 13: 1-230 [published September]

Brunner von Wattenwyl, K. in Brunner von Wattenwyl, K. & Redtenbacher, J. 1907. Die Insektenfamilie der Phasmiden. Lfg 2: Phasmidae anareolatae (Clitumnini, Lonchodini, Bacunculini). Leipzig : Verlag Engelmann 181-338 pp. pls vii-xv.

Burmeister, H. 1838. Handbuch der Entomologie. Berlin : T.C.F. Enslin Vol. 2(2) 1050 pp.

Chopard, L. 1949. Ordre des Cheleutoptères Crampton, 1915 (=Phasmoptères Jeannel, 1947). pp. 594-616 in Grassé, P.P. (ed.). Traité de Zoologie. Anatomie, Systématique, Biologie. Insectes. Paris : Masson & Cie Vol. 9.

Franzman, B.A. 1974. A new sub-family of the Phasmatodea from Australia. News Bulletin, Entomological Society of Queensland 2: 63-64

Froggatt, W.W. 1905. Notes on stick or leaf insects, with an account of Podacanthus wilkinsoni as a forest pest, and the spiny leaf insect Extatosoma tiaratum, in the orchard. Agricultural Gazette of New South Wales 16: 515-520

Gray, G.R. 1833. The Entomology of Australia in a Series of Monographs. The monograph of the genus Phasma. London : Longman & Co. Part 1 28 pp. 8 pls.

Günther, K. 1931. Beiträge zur Systematik und Geschichte der Phasmoiden-fauna Ozeaniens. Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum in Berlin 17(6): 753-835

Günther, K. 1953. Über die taxonomische Gliederung und die geographische Verbreitung der Insektenordnung de Phasmatodea. Beiträge zur Entomologie (Berlin) 3(5): 541-563

Gurney, A.B. 1947. Notes on some remarkable Australasian walkingsticks, including a synopsis of the genus Extatosoma (Orthoptera: Phasmatidae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America 40(3): 373-396

Kevan, D.E.McE. 1982. Phasmatoptera. pp. 379-383 in Parker, S.P. (ed.). Synopsis and Classification of Living Organisms. New York : McGraw Hill Vol. 2.

Key, K.H.L. 1957. Kentromorphic phases in three species of Phasmatodea. Australian Journal of Zoology 5: 247-284

Key, K.H.L. 1960. Proposed addition of certain generic and specific names in the family Phasmatidae (Class Insecta, Order Phasmatodea) to the Official Lists and Indexes. Z.N. (S) 1167. Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 17: 235-240

Key, K.H.L. 1991. Phasmatodea (Stick-insects). pp. 394-404 in CSIRO (ed.). The Insects of Australia. A textbook for students and research workers. Melbourne : Melbourne University Press Vol. 1 xiii 542 pp.

Kirby, W.F. 1904. A Synonymic Catalogue of Orthoptera. Orthoptera, Euplexoptera, Cursoria, et Gressoria (Forficulidae, Hemimeridae, Blattidae, Mantidae, Phasmidae). London : Longmans & Co. Vol. 1 x 501 pp.

Kirby, W.F. 1904. Notes on Phasmidae in the collection of the British Museum (Natural History) South Kensington, with descriptions of New Species. Nos I & II. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 7 13: 372-377, 429-449

Redtenbacher, J. in Brunner von Wattenwyl, K. & Redtenbacher, J. 1906. Die Insektenfamilie der Phasmiden. Lfg 1: Phasmidae areolatae. Leipzig : Verlag Engelmann 180 pp. 6 pls.

Redtenbacher, J. in Brunner von Wattenwyl, K. & Redtenbacher, J. 1908. Die Insektenfamilie der Phasmiden. Lfg 3: (Schluss: Phasmidae anareolatae (Phibalosomini, Acrophylini, Necrosciini). Leipzig : Verlag Engelmann pp. 339-589 12 pls.

Vickery, V.R. 1983. Catalogue of Australian stick insects (Phasmida, Phasmatodea, Phasmatoptera, or Cheleutoptera). CSIRO Aust. Div. Entomol. Tech. Pap. No. 20. 15 pp.

Werner, F. 1912. Mantodea und Phasmodea. pp. 47-56 in Michaelsen, W. & Hartmeyer, R. (eds). Die Fauna Sudwest-Australiens. Jena : Verlag Gustav Fischer Vol. 4.

Westwood, J.O. 1874. Thesaurus Entomologicus Oxoniensis: or illustrations of new, rare and interesting insects, for the most part coloured, in the collections presented to the University of Oxford by the Rev. F.W. Hope. London : McMillan & Co. xxiv 205 pp. 40 pls.

Wood-Mason, J. 1877. On a small collection of Orthopterous Insects of the families Phasmidae and Mantidae from Australia and New Britain with descriptions of four new species. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 4 20: 74-75

History of changes

• Clitumninae Brunner von Wattenwyl, C. 1893. Révision du système des Orthoptères et description des espèces rapportées par M. Leonardo Fea de Birmanie. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale, Genova 2a 13: 1-230 [published September].

  Type genus:

   Clitumnus Stål, 1875.

History of changes

• Clitumnini Brunner von Wattenwyl, C. 1893. Révision du système des Orthoptères et description des espèces rapportées par M. Leonardo Fea de Birmanie. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale, Genova 2a 13: 1-230 [published September].

History of changes

• Ramulus Saussure, H. de 1862. Etudes sur quelques Orthoptères du Musée de Genève, nouveaux ou imparfaitement connus. Annales de la Société Entomologique de France 4 1: 469-494 [471].
• Clitumnus Stål, C. 1875. Recensio Orthopterorum. Stockholm : Norstedt & Soner Vol. 3 pp. 4-105.
• Dubreulia Brunner von Wattenwyl, K. in Brunner von Wattenwyl, K. & Redtenbacher, J. 1907. Die Insektenfamilie der Phasmiden. Lfg 2: Phasmidae anareolatae (Clitumnini, Lonchodini, Bacunculini). Leipzig : Verlag Engelmann 181-338 pp. pls vii-xv.
• Paraclitumnus Brunner von Wattenwyl, C. 1893. Révision du système des Orthoptères et description des espèces rapportées par M. Leonardo Fea de Birmanie. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale, Genova 2a 13: 1-230 [published September] [88, 91].

Distribution

IMCRA

Christmas Island Province (23)

Original AFD Distribution Data

Australian Region

• Australia

History of changes

• Clitumnus stilpnoides Kirby, W.F. 1888. On the insects (exclusive of Coleoptera and Lepidoptera) of Christmas Island. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1888: 546-555 [547].

  Type data:

   Holotype BMNH ♂ adult, Christmas Is., Indian Ocean.

Generic Combinations

• Baculum stilpnoides (Kirby, 1888). —
  Balderston, J., Rentz, D.C.F. & Roach, A.M.E. 1998. Phasmatodea. pp. 347-380 in Houston, W.W.K. & Wells, A. (eds). Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Archaeognatha, Zygentoma, Blattodea, Isoptera, Mantodea, Dermaptera, Phasmatodea, Embioptera, Zoraptera. Melbourne : CSIRO Publishing, Australia Vol. 23 xiii 464 pp. [363] (synonymised Clitumnus Stal, 1875 with Baculum)

Distribution

IMCRA

Christmas Island Province (23)

Ecological Descriptors

Arboreal, herbivore.

Extra Ecological Information

Male and female apterous.

History of changes

• Tropidoderinae Brunner von Wattenwyl, C. 1893. Révision du système des Orthoptères et description des espèces rapportées par M. Leonardo Fea de Birmanie. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale, Genova 2a 13: 1-230 [published September].

  Type genus:

   Tropidoderus Gray, 1835.

History of changes

• Tropidoderini Brunner von Wattenwyl, C. 1893. Révision du système des Orthoptères et description des espèces rapportées par M. Leonardo Fea de Birmanie. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale, Genova 2a 13: 1-230 [published September].

History of changes

• Lysicles Stål, C. 1877. Espèces nouvelles de Phasmides. Bulletin ou Comptes-rendus des Séances de la Société Entomologique de Belgique 20: lxii-lxviii [lxiv].

  Type species:

   Lysicles hippolytus Stål, 1877 by monotypy.

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, Western Australia

IBRA

NSW, NT, Qld, WA: Australian Alps (AA), Arnhem Coast (ARC), Arnhem Plateau (ARP), Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Broken Hill Complex (BHC), Burt Plain (BRT), Central Arnhem (CA), Carnarvon (CAR), Channel Country (CHC), Central Kimberley (CK), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Coolgardie (COO), Cobar Peneplain (CP), Central Ranges (CR), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Daly Basin (DAB), Darwin Coastal (DAC), Desert Uplands (DEU), Dampierland (DL), Davenport Murchison Ranges (DMR), Darling Riverine Plains (DRP), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), Esperance Plains (ESP), Finke (FIN), Gascoyne (GAS), Gibson Desert (GD), Gulf Fall and Uplands (GFU), Geraldton Sandplains (GS), Great Sandy Desert (GSD), Gulf Coastal (GUC), Gulf Plains (GUP), Great Victoria Desert (GVD), Hampton (HAM), Jarrah Forest (JF), Little Sandy Desert (LSD), MacDonnell Ranges (MAC), Mallee (MAL), Murray Darling Depression (MDD), Mitchell Grass Downs (MGD), Mount Isa Inlier (MII), Mulga Lands (ML), Murchison (MUR), Nandewar (NAN), New England Tablelands (NET), Northern Kimberley (NK), NSW North Coast (NNC), NSW South Western Slopes (NSS), Nullarbor (NUL), Ord Victoria Plain (OVP), Pine Creek (PCK), Pilbara (PIL), Riverina (RIV), Sydney Basin (SB), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Simpson Strzelecki Dunefields (SSD), Sturt Plateau (STU), Swan Coastal Plain (SWA), Tanami (TAN), Tiwi Cobourg (TIW), Victoria Bonaparte (VB), Warren (WAR), Wet Tropics (WT), Yalgoo (YAL)

Original AFD Distribution Data

Australian Region

• Australia
  • New South Wales: Murray-Darling basin
  • Northern Territory: Lake Eyre basin, N Gulf, N coastal, W plateau
  • Queensland: Lake Eyre basin, Murray-Darling basin, N Gulf, NE coastal
  • Western Australia: N coastal, NW coastal, SW coastal, W plateau

History of changes

• Lysicles hippolytus Stål, C. 1877. Espèces nouvelles de Phasmides. Bulletin ou Comptes-rendus des Séances de la Société Entomologique de Belgique 20: lxii-lxviii [lxv].

  Type data:

   Holotype NHRM ♀ adult (not reported by Sjöstedt, Y. 1933. Orthopterentypen im Naturhistonschen Reichsmuseum zu Stockholm. 7. Phasmidae. Arkiv för Zoologi 25A(16): 1–10 or located by Vickery, V.R. 1983. Catalogue of Australian stick insects (Phasmida, Phasmatodea, Phasmatoptera, or Cheleutoptera). CSIRO Aust. Div. Entomol. Tech. Pap. No. 20. 15 pp. [8]), Peak Downs, QLD.

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland

IBRA

NSW, NT, Qld: Burt Plain (BRT), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Darling Riverine Plains (DRP), Great Sandy Desert (GSD), MacDonnell Ranges (MAC), Mulga Lands (ML), Nandewar (NAN), New England Tablelands (NET), Wet Tropics (WT)

Ecological Descriptors

Herbivore.

Extra Ecological Information

Male volant and mesopterous, female brachypterous.

History of changes

• Anophelepis periphanes Westwood, J.O. 1859. Catalogue of Orthopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum. Part I. Phasmidae. London : British Museum 184 pp. 48 pls. [70].

  Type data:

   Holotype BMNH ♀ adult, Australia.

Generic Combinations

• Lysicles periphanes (Westwood, 1859). —
  Brock, P.D. & Hasenpusch, J. 2007. Studies on the Australian stick insects (Phasmida), including a checklist of species and bibliography. Zootaxa 1570: 1-81 [74]

Distribution

States

Western Australia

IBRA

WA: Esperance Plains (ESP), Geraldton Sandplains (GS), Jarrah Forest (JF), Mallee (MAL), Swan Coastal Plain (SWA), Warren (WAR), Yalgoo (YAL)

Ecological Descriptors

Herbivore.

History of changes

• Malandania Sjöstedt, Y. 1918. Results of Dr E. Mjöberg's Swedish Scientific Expeditions to Australia 1910–1913. 17. Mantidae and Phasmidae. Arkiv för Zoologi 11(19): 1-61 1 pl. [48].

  Type species:

   Malandania pulchra Sjöstedt, 1918 by monotypy.

Distribution

States

Queensland

IBRA

Qld: Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Desert Uplands (DEU), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), NSW North Coast (NNC), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Wet Tropics (WT)

Original AFD Distribution Data

Australian Region

• Australia
  • Queensland: NE coastal

History of changes

• Malandania pulchra Sjöstedt, Y. 1918. Results of Dr E. Mjöberg's Swedish Scientific Expeditions to Australia 1910–1913. 17. Mantidae and Phasmidae. Arkiv för Zoologi 11(19): 1-61 1 pl. [49].

  Type data:

   Holotype NHRM ♀ adult, Malanda, QLD.

Distribution

States

Queensland

IBRA

Qld: Wet Tropics (WT)

Ecological Descriptors

Herbivore.

History of changes

• Micropodacanthus Brock, P.D. & Hasenpusch, J. 2007. Studies on the Australian stick insects (Phasmida), including a checklist of species and bibliography. Zootaxa 1570: 1-81 [54].

  Type species:

   Micropodacanthus sztrakai Brock & Hasenpusch, 2007 by original designation.

Distribution

States

Queensland

IBRA

Wet Tropics (WT) ; Qld: South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Wet Tropics (WT)

History of changes

• Micropodacanthus mouldsi Brock, P.D. & Hasenpusch, J. 2007. Studies on the Australian stick insects (Phasmida), including a checklist of species and bibliography. Zootaxa 1570: 1-81 [55].

  Type data:

   Holotype AM female, Australia, n[orth] Q[ueensland], Windsor Tableland, NW of Mossman.

Distribution

States

Queensland

Extra Distribution Information

Known only from type locality.

IBRA

Qld: Wet Tropics (WT)

Ecological Descriptors

Rainforest.

History of changes

• Micropodacanthus sztrakai Brock, P.D. & Hasenpusch, J. 2007. Studies on the Australian stick insects (Phasmida), including a checklist of species and bibliography. Zootaxa 1570: 1-81 [58].

  Type data:

   Holotype QM female, Australia, north Queensland, Kuranda.
  Paratype(s) QM 1 male, same data as for holotype.

Distribution

IBRA

Wet Tropics (WT)

History of changes

• Micropodacanthus tweedae Brock, P.D. & Coupland, R.M. 2022. Studying the phasmids of Springbrook Mountain, Binna Burra and surrounds, southeast Queensland. Phasmid Studies 21: 15-74 [56-61].

  Type data:

   Holotype QM T246616 ♀, Ankida Nature Refuge, Queensland [28.18°S, 153.26°E].

Distribution

States

Queensland

IBRA

Qld: South Eastern Queensland (SEQ)

History of changes

• Parapodacanthus Brock, P.D. 2003. Rearing and Studying Stick and Leaf Insects. The Amateur Entomologists' Society, Orpington, The Amateur Entomologist Vol. 22 89 pp. + 8 pls.

Distribution

States

Queensland

IBRA

Qld: South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Wet Tropics (WT)

History of changes

• Parapodacanthus ailaketoae Brock, P.D. & Monteith, G.B. 2018. A striking new species of Parapodacanthus Brock (Phasmida: Phasmatidae) from southeastern Queensland. Australian Entomologist 45(1): 17-26.

  Type data:

   Holotype QMBA T244503 ♀, Binna Burra, Lamington National Park, Queensland [28.194°S, 153.187°E].

Distribution

States

Queensland

IBRA

Qld: South Eastern Queensland (SEQ)

History of changes

• Parapodacanthus hasenpuschorum Brock, 2003.

History of changes

• Paratropidoderus Brock, P.D. & Hasenpusch, J. 2007. Studies on the Australian stick insects (Phasmida), including a checklist of species and bibliography. Zootaxa 1570: 1-81 [60].

  Type species:

   Paratropidoderus spinosus Brock & Hasenpusch, 2007 by original designation.

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Queensland

IBRA

NSW, Qld: Cobar Peneplain (CP), Mulga Lands (ML)

History of changes

• Paratropidoderus spinosus Brock, P.D. & Hasenpusch, J. 2007. Studies on the Australian stick insects (Phasmida), including a checklist of species and bibliography. Zootaxa 1570: 1-81 [61].

  Type data:

   Holotype ANIC male, Australia, Queensland, 6 km. SE by E of Bundeema H.S.
  Paratype(s) ANIC 1 male, Qld, Cunnamulla (aerodrome); ANIC 1 male, Qld, 9 ml. WNW of Thargomindah; ANIC 2 male (juvenile), New South Wales, 6 km W of Cobar.

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Queensland

IBRA

NSW, Qld: Cobar Peneplain (CP), Mulga Lands (ML)

History of changes

• Podacanthus Gray, G.R. 1833. The Entomology of Australia in a Series of Monographs. The monograph of the genus Phasma. London : Longman & Co. Part 1 28 pp. 8 pls. [17].

  Type species:

   Podacanthus typhon Gray, 1833 by monotypy.

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Victoria, Western Australia

IBRA

NSW, Qld, SA, Vic, WA: Australian Alps (AA), Avon Wheatbelt (AW), Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Broken Hill Complex (BHC), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Cobar Peneplain (CP), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Desert Uplands (DEU), Darling Riverine Plains (DRP), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), Eyre Yorke Block (EYB), Flinders Lofty Block (FLB), Jarrah Forest (JF), Kanmantoo (KAN), Mallee (MAL), Murray Darling Depression (MDD), Mulga Lands (ML), Nandewar (NAN), Naracoorte Coastal Plain (NCP), New England Tablelands (NET), NSW North Coast (NNC), NSW South Western Slopes (NSS), Nullarbor (NUL), Riverina (RIV), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Coastal Plain (SCP), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Swan Coastal Plain (SWA), Victorian Midlands (VM), Victorian Volcanic Plain (VVP), Wet Tropics (WT)

Original AFD Distribution Data

Australian Region

• Australia
  • New South Wales: Murray-Darling basin, SE coastal
  • Queensland: Murray-Darling basin, NE coastal

History of changes

• Podacanthus keyi Brock, P.D. & Hasenpusch, J. 2007. Studies on the Australian stick insects (Phasmida), including a checklist of species and bibliography. Zootaxa 1570: 1-81 [64].

  Type data:

   Holotype ANIC male, Western Australia, Perth, Floreat Park.
  Paratype(s) ANIC numerous males and females, scattered SA & WA; BMNH [18]53-50 1 female, WA, Swan River; 1 female, WA, Mandurah north.

Distribution

States

South Australia, Western Australia

IBRA

SA, WA: Jarrah Forest (JF), Nullarbor (NUL), Swan Coastal Plain (SWA)

History of changes

• Podacanthus typhon Gray, G.R. 1833. The Entomology of Australia in a Series of Monographs. The monograph of the genus Phasma. London : Longman & Co. Part 1 28 pp. 8 pls. [26].

  Type data:

   Lectotype BMNH 40.4.2.1304 ♀ adult, Sydney (as Port Jackson), NSW.

  Subsequent designation references:

  Key, K.H.L. 1960. Proposed addition of certain generic and specific names in the family Phasmatidae (Class Insecta, Order Phasmatodea) to the Official Lists and Indexes. Z.N. (S) 1167. Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 17: 235-240 [235].
• Podacanthus unicolor Charpentier, T. 1845. Orthoptera descripta et depicta. Leipzig : Lipsiae ii, vi 120 pp. 60 pls. [46].

  Type data:

   Status unknown, ZMB adult(s), ♂ described (number and sex unknown), Australia.

Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy

• Vickery, V.R. 1983. Catalogue of Australian stick insects (Phasmida, Phasmatodea, Phasmatoptera, or Cheleutoptera). CSIRO Aust. Div. Entomol. Tech. Pap. No. 20. 15 pp. [10]

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Queensland, Victoria

IBRA

NSW, Qld, Vic: Australian Alps (AA), Nandewar (NAN), New England Tablelands (NET), NSW North Coast (NNC), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Coastal Plain (SCP), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ)

Ecological Descriptors

Arboreal, herbivore.

Extra Ecological Information

Male and female volant.

History of changes

• Podacanthus viridiroseus Gray, G.R. 1835. Synopsis of the Species of Insects Belonging to the Family of Phasmidae. London : Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, Green & Longman 48 pp. [43].

  Type data:

   Holotype NMV ♀ adult, Australia.

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Victoria

IBRA

NSW, Qld, SA, Vic: Australian Alps (AA), Broken Hill Complex (BHC), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Eyre Yorke Block (EYB), Flinders Lofty Block (FLB), Kanmantoo (KAN), Murray Darling Depression (MDD), Nandewar (NAN), Naracoorte Coastal Plain (NCP), New England Tablelands (NET), NSW North Coast (NNC), Nullarbor (NUL), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Coastal Plain (SCP), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Victorian Midlands (VM), Victorian Volcanic Plain (VVP), Wet Tropics (WT)

Ecological Descriptors

Arboreal, herbivore.

Extra Ecological Information

Male and female volant.

History of changes

• Podacanthus wilkinsoni Macleay, W.J. 1882. On a species of the Phasmatidae destructive to eucalypti. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 6: 536-539 [538].

  Type data:

   Lectotype ANIC ♂ adult, Jenolan Caves (as Binda Caves), NSW.

  Subsequent designation references:

  Key, K.H.L. 1960. Proposed addition of certain generic and specific names in the family Phasmatidae (Class Insecta, Order Phasmatodea) to the Official Lists and Indexes. Z.N. (S) 1167. Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 17: 235-240 [235].

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Queensland

IBRA

NSW, Qld: NSW North Coast (NNC), Sydney Basin (SB), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ)

Ecological Descriptors

Arboreal, herbivore.

Extra Ecological Information

Male and female volant.

General References

Froggatt, W.W. 1905. Notes on stick or leaf insects, with an account of Podacanthus wilkinsoni as a forest pest, and the spiny leaf insect Extatosoma tiaratum, in the orchard. Agricultural Gazette of New South Wales 16: 515-520 (pest status)

History of changes

• Tropidoderus Gray, G.R. 1835. Synopsis of the Species of Insects Belonging to the Family of Phasmidae. London : Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, Green & Longman 48 pp. [31] [nom. nov. for Trigonoderus Gray, 1833].
• Trigonoderus Gray, G.R. 1833. The Entomology of Australia in a Series of Monographs. The monograph of the genus Phasma. London : Longman & Co. Part 1 28 pp. 8 pls. [26] [junior homonym of Trigonoderus Westwood, 1829 (Hymenoptera)].

  Type species:

   Trigonoderus childreni Gray, 1833 by monotypy.
• Athertonia Sjöstedt, Y. 1918. Results of Dr E. Mjöberg's Swedish Scientific Expeditions to Australia 1910–1913. 17. Mantidae and Phasmidae. Arkiv för Zoologi 11(19): 1-61 1 pl. [45].

  Type species:

   Athertonia prasina Sjöstedt, 1918 by monotypy.
• Kimberleyana Sjöstedt, Y. 1918. Results of Dr E. Mjöberg's Swedish Scientific Expeditions to Australia 1910–1913. 17. Mantidae and Phasmidae. Arkiv för Zoologi 11(19): 1-61 1 pl. [46].

  Type species:

   Kimberleyana gracilifemur Sjöstedt, 1918 by monotypy.

Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy

• Vickery, V.R. 1983. Catalogue of Australian stick insects (Phasmida, Phasmatodea, Phasmatoptera, or Cheleutoptera). CSIRO Aust. Div. Entomol. Tech. Pap. No. 20. 15 pp. [11]

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, South Australia, Victoria, Western Australia

IBRA

NSW, NT, Qld, SA, Vic, WA: Australian Alps (AA), Arnhem Coast (ARC), Arnhem Plateau (ARP), Avon Wheatbelt (AW), Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Burt Plain (BRT), Central Arnhem (CA), Carnarvon (CAR), Channel Country (CHC), Central Kimberley (CK), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Coolgardie (COO), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Daly Basin (DAB), Darwin Coastal (DAC), Desert Uplands (DEU), Dampierland (DL), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), Esperance Plains (ESP), Eyre Yorke Block (EYB), Finke (FIN), Flinders Lofty Block (FLB), Flinders (FLI), Gascoyne (GAS), Gawler (GAW), Gulf Fall and Uplands (GFU), Geraldton Sandplains (GS), Gulf Coastal (GUC), Gulf Plains (GUP), Great Victoria Desert (GVD), Hampton (HAM), Jarrah Forest (JF), Kanmantoo (KAN), MacDonnell Ranges (MAC), Mallee (MAL), Murray Darling Depression (MDD), Mitchell Grass Downs (MGD), Mount Isa Inlier (MII), Murchison (MUR), Naracoorte Coastal Plain (NCP), Northern Kimberley (NK), NSW North Coast (NNC), Nullarbor (NUL), Ord Victoria Plain (OVP), Pine Creek (PCK), Pilbara (PIL), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Coastal Plain (SCP), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Simpson Strzelecki Dunefields (SSD), Swan Coastal Plain (SWA), Tiwi Cobourg (TIW), Victoria Bonaparte (VB), Victorian Midlands (VM), Victorian Volcanic Plain (VVP), Warren (WAR), Wet Tropics (WT), Yalgoo (YAL)

Original AFD Distribution Data

Australian Region

• Australia
  • New South Wales: SE coastal
  • Northern Territory: Lake Eyre basin, N Gulf, N coastal
  • Queensland: Lake Eyre basin, N Gulf, NE coastal
  • Victoria: SE coastal
  • Western Australia: N coastal, NW coastal, SW coastal

History of changes

• Trigonoderus childrenii Gray, G.R. 1833. The Entomology of Australia in a Series of Monographs. The monograph of the genus Phasma. London : Longman & Co. Part 1 28 pp. 8 pls. [26].

  Type data:

   Syntype(s) BMNH 3♀ adults, Australia.
• Diura typhaeus Gray, G.R. 1833. The Entomology of Australia in a Series of Monographs. The monograph of the genus Phasma. London : Longman & Co. Part 1 28 pp. 8 pls. [27].

  Type data:

   Holotype BMNH ♂ adult, Australia.
• Tropidoderus iodomus McCoy, F. 1882. Natural History of Victoria. Prodromus of the Zoology of Victoria; or, figures and descriptions of the living species of all classes of the Victorian indigenous animals. Melbourne : Government Printer. 1 Decade 37 pp. 7 pls. [33].

  Type data:

   Syntype(s) NMV ♀ adults (number unknown), Beaconsfield, Dandenong Range and near Melbourne, VIC.
• Tropidoderus decipiens Rainbow, W.J. 1897. Description of two new Australian Phasmas, together with a synopsis of the Phasmidae of Australia. Records of the Australian Museum 3(2): 34-37 [36].

  Type data:

   Holotype AM ♀ adult, Gordon (Sydney suburb), NSW.

Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy

• Vickery, V.R. 1983. Catalogue of Australian stick insects (Phasmida, Phasmatodea, Phasmatoptera, or Cheleutoptera). CSIRO Aust. Div. Entomol. Tech. Pap. No. 20. 15 pp. [11]

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Victoria

IBRA

NSW, Qld, SA, Vic: Australian Alps (AA), Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Eyre Yorke Block (EYB), Flinders Lofty Block (FLB), Flinders (FLI), Kanmantoo (KAN), Naracoorte Coastal Plain (NCP), NSW North Coast (NNC), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Coastal Plain (SCP), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Victorian Midlands (VM), Victorian Volcanic Plain (VVP)

Ecological Descriptors

Arboreal, herbivore, volant.

Extra Ecological Information

Male and female macropterous.

History of changes

• Kimberleyana gracilifemur Sjöstedt, Y. 1918. Results of Dr E. Mjöberg's Swedish Scientific Expeditions to Australia 1910–1913. 17. Mantidae and Phasmidae. Arkiv för Zoologi 11(19): 1-61 1 pl. [47].

  Type data:

   Syntype(s) NHRM 3♀ adults, Noonkanbah, WA and QLD.

Distribution

States

Northern Territory, Queensland, Western Australia

IBRA

NT, Qld, WA: Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Dampierland (DL), Gulf Fall and Uplands (GFU), Gulf Coastal (GUC), Gulf Plains (GUP), Mount Isa Inlier (MII)

Ecological Descriptors

Arboreal, herbivore, volant.

Extra Ecological Information

Male and female macropterous.

History of changes

• Tropidoderus michaelseni Werner, F. 1912. Mantodea und Phasmodea. pp. 47-56 in Michaelsen, W. & Hartmeyer, R. (eds). Die Fauna Sudwest-Australiens. Jena : Verlag Gustav Fischer Vol. 4. [55].

  Type data:

   Holotype ZMH ♀ adult, Subiaco, Perth, WA.

Distribution

States

Western Australia

IBRA

WA: Swan Coastal Plain (SWA)

Ecological Descriptors

Arboreal, herbivore, volant.

Extra Ecological Information

Male and female macropterous.

General References

Brock, P.D. & Hasenpusch, J. 2007. Studies on the Australian stick insects (Phasmida), including a checklist of species and bibliography. Zootaxa 1570: 1-81 [75] (revised status, removed from synonymy with T. childrenii (Gray, 1833))

History of changes

• Athertonia prasina Sjöstedt, Y. 1918. Results of Dr E. Mjöberg's Swedish Scientific Expeditions to Australia 1910–1913. 17. Mantidae and Phasmidae. Arkiv för Zoologi 11(19): 1-61 1 pl. [46].

  Type data:

   Holotype NHRM ♀ adult, Atherton, QLD.

Distribution

States

Queensland

IBRA

Qld: Wet Tropics (WT)

Ecological Descriptors

Arboreal, herbivore, volant.

Extra Ecological Information

Male and female macropterous.

History of changes

• Tropidoderus rhodomus McCoy, F. 1882. Natural History of Victoria. Prodromus of the Zoology of Victoria; or, figures and descriptions of the living species of all classes of the Victorian indigenous animals. Melbourne : Government Printer. 1 Decade 37 pp. 7 pls. [35].

  Type data:

   Holotype NMV ♀ adult, Inglewood, VIC.

Distribution

States

New South Wales, South Australia, Victoria, Western Australia

IBRA

NSW, SA, Vic, WA: Australian Alps (AA), Avon Wheatbelt (AW), Coolgardie (COO), Esperance Plains (ESP), Flinders (FLI), Gawler (GAW), Geraldton Sandplains (GS), Great Victoria Desert (GVD), Hampton (HAM), Jarrah Forest (JF), Mallee (MAL), Murray Darling Depression (MDD), Naracoorte Coastal Plain (NCP), Nullarbor (NUL), South East Coastal Plain (SCP), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), Swan Coastal Plain (SWA), Victorian Midlands (VM), Victorian Volcanic Plain (VVP), Warren (WAR)

Ecological Descriptors

Arboreal, herbivore, volant.

Extra Ecological Information

Male and female macropterous.

History of changes

• Didymuria Kirby, W.F. 1904. A Synonymic Catalogue of Orthoptera. Orthoptera, Euplexoptera, Cursoria, et Gressoria (Forficulidae, Hemimeridae, Blattidae, Mantidae, Phasmidae). London : Longmans & Co. Vol. 1 x 501 pp. [381] [nom. nov. for Diura Gray, 1833].
• Diura Gray, G.R. 1833. The Entomology of Australia in a Series of Monographs. The monograph of the genus Phasma. London : Longman & Co. Part 1 28 pp. 8 pls. [19] [junior homonym of Diura Billberg, 1820 (Neuroptera)].

  Type species:

   Phasma violescens Leach, 1814 by original designation.

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria

IBRA

NSW, Qld, SA, Tas, Vic: Australian Alps (AA), Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Ben Lomond (BEL), Broken Hill Complex (BHC), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Cobar Peneplain (CP), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Desert Uplands (DEU), Darling Riverine Plains (DRP), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), Eyre Yorke Block (EYB), Flinders Lofty Block (FLB), Flinders (FLI), Gawler (GAW), Kanmantoo (KAN), King (KIN), Murray Darling Depression (MDD), Mulga Lands (ML), Nandewar (NAN), Naracoorte Coastal Plain (NCP), New England Tablelands (NET), NSW North Coast (NNC), NSW South Western Slopes (NSS), Riverina (RIV), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Coastal Plain (SCP), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Tasmanian Central Highlands (TCH), Tasmanian Northern Midlands (TNM), Tasmanian Northern Slopes (TNS), Tasmanian South East (TSE), Tasmanian Southern Ranges (TSR), Tasmanian West (TWE), Victorian Midlands (VM), Victorian Volcanic Plain (VVP), Wet Tropics (WT)

Other Regions

Lord Howe Island terrestrial & freshwater

Original AFD Distribution Data

Australian Region

• Australia
  • Lord Howe Island
  • New South Wales: Murray-Darling basin, SE coastal
  • Queensland: Murray-Darling basin, NE coastal
  • South Australia: Murray-Darling basin, S Gulfs, SE coastal
  • Tasmania
  • Victoria: Murray-Darling basin, SE coastal

History of changes

• Phasma violescens Leach, W.E. 1814. The Zoological Miscellany; being descriptions of new or interesting animals. London : E. Nodder & Son Vol. 1 144 pp. 60 pls. [26].

  Type data:

   Holotype whereabouts unknown ♂ adult (Vickery, V.R. 1983. Catalogue of Australian stick insects (Phasmida, Phasmatodea, Phasmatoptera, or Cheleutoptera). CSIRO Aust. Div. Entomol. Tech. Pap. No. 20. 15 pp. [5] states "There is a specimen in drawer RB4, Curtis collection, NMVM, Melbourne, labelled Diura Gray violascens Lea[ch], presumably by Gray"), Australia (as Australasia).
• Diura roseipennis Gray, G.R. 1833. The Entomology of Australia in a Series of Monographs. The monograph of the genus Phasma. London : Longman & Co. Part 1 28 pp. 8 pls. [27].

  Type data:

   Holotype BMNH ♀ adult, Australia.
• Cyphocrania violascens Burmeister, H. 1838. Handbuch der Entomologie. Berlin : T.C.F. Enslin Vol. 2(2) 1050 pp. [580].

  Type data:

   Syntype(s) ZMB 2♂ ♀ adults, Australia.
• Diura discolor Redtenbacher, J. in Brunner von Wattenwyl, K. & Redtenbacher, J. 1908. Die Insektenfamilie der Phasmiden. Lfg 3: (Schluss: Phasmidae anareolatae (Phibalosomini, Acrophylini, Necrosciini). Leipzig : Verlag Engelmann pp. 339-589 12 pls. [382].

  Type data:

   Syntype(s) NHMW ♂ ♀ adults (number unknown), Australia, TAS and Lord Howe Is.

Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy

• Vickery, V.R. 1983. Catalogue of Australian stick insects (Phasmida, Phasmatodea, Phasmatoptera, or Cheleutoptera). CSIRO Aust. Div. Entomol. Tech. Pap. No. 20. 15 pp. [5]

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria

IBRA

NSW, Qld, SA, Tas, Vic: Australian Alps (AA), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Eyre Yorke Block (EYB), Kanmantoo (KAN), New England Tablelands (NET), NSW North Coast (NNC), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Tasmanian Central Highlands (TCH), Tasmanian Northern Midlands (TNM), Tasmanian South East (TSE), Tasmanian Southern Ranges (TSR), Tasmanian West (TWE)

Other Regions

Lord Howe Island terrestrial & freshwater

Ecological Descriptors

Arboreal, herbivore.

Extra Ecological Information

Male volant and mesopterous, female flightless and mesopterous.

History of changes

• Diura virginea Stål, C. 1875. Recensio Orthopterorum. Stockholm : Norstedt & Soner Vol. 3 pp. 4-105. [84] [revised status, removed from synonymy with D. violescens (Leach, 1814)].

  Type data:

   Holotype NHRM ♀ adult, Cape York, QLD.

Distribution

States

Queensland

IBRA

Qld: Cape York Peninsula (CYP)

History of changes

• Megacraniinae Hennemann, F. 2020. Megacraniinae-The Palm Stick Insects: A new subfamily of Old World Phasmatodea and a redefinition of Platycraninae Brunner v. Wattenwyl, 1893 (Phasmatodea: "Anareolatae"). Zootaxa 4896(2): 151–179.

  Type genus:

   Megacrania Kaup, 1871.

History of changes

• Davidrentzia Brock, P.D. & Hasenpusch, J. 2007. Studies on the Australian stick insects (Phasmida), including a checklist of species and bibliography. Zootaxa 1570: 1-81 [51].

  Type species:

   Davidrentzia valida Brock & Hasenpusch, 2007 by original designation.

Distribution

States

New South Wales

IMCRA

Lord Howe Province (14)

History of changes

• Davidrentzia valida Brock, P.D. & Hasenpusch, J. 2007. Studies on the Australian stick insects (Phasmida), including a checklist of species and bibliography. Zootaxa 1570: 1-81 [51].

  Type data:

   Holotype ANIC female, Lord Howe Island, Stevens Reserve, nr. Signal Point [31°32´S 159°04´E].

Distribution

States

New South Wales

Extra Distribution Information

Known only from type locality.

IMCRA

Lord Howe Province (14)

History of changes

• Megacrania Kaup, J.J. 1871. Neue Phasmidae. Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift 2 15: 25-42 [38].

  Type species:

   Platycrania phelaus Westwood, 1859 by subsequent designation, see Kirby, W.F. 1904. A Synonymic Catalogue of Orthoptera. Orthoptera, Euplexoptera, Cursoria, et Gressoria (Forficulidae, Hemimeridae, Blattidae, Mantidae, Phasmidae). London : Longmans & Co. Vol. 1 x 501 pp. [385].

Distribution

States

Queensland

Extra Distribution Information

SE Asia.

IBRA

Qld: Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Desert Uplands (DEU), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), NSW North Coast (NNC), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Wet Tropics (WT)

Original AFD Distribution Data

Australian Region

• Australia
  • Queensland: NE coastal
• Fiji
• Solomon Islands

Oriental Region

• Indonesia

Distribution References

History of changes

• Platycrania alpheus Westwood, J.O. 1859. Catalogue of Orthopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum. Part I. Phasmidae. London : British Museum 184 pp. 48 pls.

  Type data:

   Lectotype NHM-UK Numbers not provided (Details of lectotype obtained from the Phasmida Species File (PSF)), Asia-Tropical, Indian Subcontinent, Sri Lanka, [believed to be in error, probably Philippines].
  Status unknown, Numbers not provided, Ceylon and Philippine Islands.
• Megacrania bakeri Willemse, C. 1925. Contribution a la faune des Orthoptères des Nouvelles Hebrides. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 513–529.

Generic Combinations

• Megacrania alpheus (Westwood, 1859).

Distribution

Recorded from "Australia".

Distribution References

History of changes

• Megacrania batesii Kirby, W.F. 1896. On some new or rare Phasmidae in the Collection of the British Museum. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London 2 6(6): 447-475 pls xxxix-xl [471].

  Type data:

   
  Syntype(s) BMNH ♀ adult, Solomon Islands, Aru and Kei Dulan; OUM 3♀ adults, Solomon Islands, Aru and Kei Dulan.

Distribution

States

Queensland

IBRA

Qld: Wet Tropics (WT)

Ecological Descriptors

Herbivore.

Extra Ecological Information

Male and female brachypterous.

General References

Brock, P.D. & Hasenpusch, J. 2007. Studies on the Australian stick insects (Phasmida), including a checklist of species and bibliography. Zootaxa 1570: 1-81 [74] (revised status, removed from synonymy with M. alpheus (Westwood, 1859))

History of changes

• Pachymorphinae Brunner von Wattenwyl, C. 1893. Révision du système des Orthoptères et description des espèces rapportées par M. Leonardo Fea de Birmanie. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale, Genova 2a 13: 1-230 [published September].

  Type genus:

   Pachymorpha Gray, 1835.

History of changes

• Acanthoderus Gray, G.R. 1835. Synopsis of the Species of Insects Belonging to the Family of Phasmidae. London : Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, Green & Longman 48 pp. [14].

  Type species:

   Phasma (Bacteria) spinosum Gray, 1834 by monotypy.

Distribution

States

Western Australia

IBRA

WA: Avon Wheatbelt (AW), Esperance Plains (ESP), Geraldton Sandplains (GS), Jarrah Forest (JF), Mallee (MAL), Swan Coastal Plain (SWA), Warren (WAR), Yalgoo (YAL)

Original AFD Distribution Data

Australian Region

• Australia
  • Western Australia: SW coastal

History of changes

• Phasma (Bacteria) spinosum Gray, G.R. 1834. Descriptions of several species of Australian Phasmata. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 1: 45-46 [46].

  Type data:

   Syntype(s) OUM 552 adults (number and sex unknown), Swan River, WA.

Distribution

States

Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

Known only from type locality.

IBRA

WA: Geraldton Sandplains (GS), Swan Coastal Plain (SWA)

Ecological Descriptors

Herbivore.

History of changes

• Pachymorpha Gray, G.R. 1835. Synopsis of the Species of Insects Belonging to the Family of Phasmidae. London : Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, Green & Longman 48 pp. [21].

  Type species:

   Bacillus squalidus Gray, 1833 by monotypy.

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, South Australia, Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

New Guinea.

IBRA

NSW, NT, Qld, SA, WA: Australian Alps (AA), Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Broken Hill Complex (BHC), Burt Plain (BRT), Channel Country (CHC), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Coolgardie (COO), Cobar Peneplain (CP), Central Ranges (CR), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Desert Uplands (DEU), Dampierland (DL), Davenport Murchison Ranges (DMR), Darling Riverine Plains (DRP), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), Eyre Yorke Block (EYB), Finke (FIN), Gawler (GAW), Gibson Desert (GD), Gulf Fall and Uplands (GFU), Great Sandy Desert (GSD), Gulf Plains (GUP), Great Victoria Desert (GVD), Hampton (HAM), Little Sandy Desert (LSD), MacDonnell Ranges (MAC), Murray Darling Depression (MDD), Mitchell Grass Downs (MGD), Mount Isa Inlier (MII), Mulga Lands (ML), Murchison (MUR), Nandewar (NAN), New England Tablelands (NET), NSW North Coast (NNC), NSW South Western Slopes (NSS), Nullarbor (NUL), Riverina (RIV), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Simpson Strzelecki Dunefields (SSD), Stony Plains (STP), Sturt Plateau (STU), Tanami (TAN), Wet Tropics (WT)

Original AFD Distribution Data

Australian Region

• Australia
  • New South Wales: Murray-Darling basin, SE coastal
  • Northern Territory: Lake Eyre basin, W plateau
  • Queensland: Lake Eyre basin, Murray-Darling basin, NE coastal
  • South Australia: Lake Eyre basin, W plateau
  • Western Australia: W plateau

Distribution References

General References

Brock, P.D. & Hasenpusch, J. 2007. Studies on the Australian stick insects (Phasmida), including a checklist of species and bibliography. Zootaxa 1570: 1-81 [48]

History of changes

• Pachymorpha pearsoni Brock, P.D. 2022. A new species of Pachymorpha Gray, 1835 (Phasmida: Phasmatidae) from Queensland. Phasmid Studies 21: 106-112 [107-111].

  Type data:

   Holotype QM T258500 ♀, Mt. Hayward, Queensland [20°18'35 S, 148°45'30 E].
  Paratype(s) QM T258501 ♂ (same details as Holotype).

Distribution

States

Queensland

IBRA

Qld: Central Mackay Coast (CMC)

History of changes

• Pachymorpha simpliceps Audinet-Serville, J.G. 1839. Histoire Naturelle des Insectes. Orthoptères. Paris : Librairie Encyclopédique de Roret i-xviii, 1-776, Atlas pls 1-14. [dated 1838] [259].

  Type data:

   Syntype(s) MNHP ♂ ♀ adults (number unknown), Australia.
• Bacillus pasithoe Westwood, J.O. 1859. Catalogue of Orthopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum. Part I. Phasmidae. London : British Museum 184 pp. 48 pls. [15].

  Type data:

   Holotype OUM ♀ adult, Australia.

Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy

• Brock, P.D. & Hasenpusch, J. 2007. Studies on the Australian stick insects (Phasmida), including a checklist of species and bibliography. Zootaxa 1570: 1-81 [72]

Distribution

States

Northern Territory, Queensland

IBRA

NT, Qld: Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Desert Uplands (DEU), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), Gulf Fall and Uplands (GFU), Gulf Plains (GUP)

Ecological Descriptors

Herbivore.

Extra Ecological Information

Male and female apterous.

History of changes

• Pachymorpha spinosa Brock, P.D. & Hasenpusch, J. 2007. Studies on the Australian stick insects (Phasmida), including a checklist of species and bibliography. Zootaxa 1570: 1-81 [48].

  Type data:

   Holotype ANIC female, Australia, N[orthern] T[erritory], Waterhouse Rg, 39 km SW by S of Alice Springs [23°59΄S 133°38΄E].
  Paratype(s) ANIC 2 females (also SAMA), Alice Springs area.

Distribution

States

Northern Territory, South Australia

IBRA

NT, SA: Central Ranges (CR), Great Sandy Desert (GSD), MacDonnell Ranges (MAC)

History of changes

• Pachymorpha springbrookensis Brock, P.D. & Coupland, R.M. 2022. Studying the phasmids of Springbrook Mountain, Binna Burra and surrounds, southeast Queensland. Phasmid Studies 21: 15-74 [47-52].

  Type data:

   Holotype QM T246607 ♀, Springbrook, Queensland, Australia [28.33°S, 153.26°E].
  Paratype(s) QM T246608, T246609 4 ♀, 8 ♂ (same details as Holotype); QM Multiple, various locations.

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Queensland

IBRA

NSW, Qld: South Eastern Queensland (SEQ)

History of changes

• Bacillus squalidus Gray, G.R. 1833. The Entomology of Australia in a Series of Monographs. The monograph of the genus Phasma. London : Longman & Co. Part 1 28 pp. 8 pls. [28].

  Type data:

   Holotype OUM ♀ adult, Australia.

Distribution

States

New South Wales

Extra Distribution Information

Known only from type locality.

IBRA

NSW: South East Corner (SEC)

Ecological Descriptors

Herbivore.

Extra Ecological Information

Male and female apterous.

History of changes

• Extatosomatinae Sellick, J. 1997. The range of egg capsule morphology within the Phasmatodea and its relevance to the taxonomy of the order. Italian Journal of Zoology 67: 97–104.

History of changes

• Extatosomatini Sellick, J. 1997. The range of egg capsule morphology within the Phasmatodea and its relevance to the taxonomy of the order. Italian Journal of Zoology 67: 97–104.

  Type genus:

   Extatosoma Gray, 1833.

History of changes

• Extatosoma Gray, G.R. 1833. The Entomology of Australia in a Series of Monographs. The monograph of the genus Phasma. London : Longman & Co. Part 1 28 pp. 8 pls. [25].

  Type species:

   Phasma tiaratum Macleay, 1826 by subsequent designation, see Kirby, W.F. 1904. A Synonymic Catalogue of Orthoptera. Orthoptera, Euplexoptera, Cursoria, et Gressoria (Forficulidae, Hemimeridae, Blattidae, Mantidae, Phasmidae). London : Longmans & Co. Vol. 1 x 501 pp. [380].

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Queensland, Tasmania, Victoria

Extra Distribution Information

New Guinea.

IBRA

NSW, Qld, Tas, Vic: Australian Alps (AA), Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Ben Lomond (BEL), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Desert Uplands (DEU), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), Flinders (FLI), King (KIN), Murray Darling Depression (MDD), Naracoorte Coastal Plain (NCP), NSW North Coast (NNC), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Coastal Plain (SCP), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Tasmanian Central Highlands (TCH), Tasmanian Northern Midlands (TNM), Tasmanian Northern Slopes (TNS), Tasmanian South East (TSE), Tasmanian Southern Ranges (TSR), Tasmanian West (TWE), Victorian Midlands (VM), Victorian Volcanic Plain (VVP), Wet Tropics (WT) ; NSW, Qld, Vic: Nandewar (NAN), New England Tablelands (NET)

Original AFD Distribution Data

Australian Region

• Australia
  • New South Wales: SE coastal
  • Queensland: NE coastal
  • Tasmania
  • Victoria: SE coastal

Distribution References

General References

Brock, P.D. 2001. Studies on the Australasian stick-insect genus Extatosoma Gray (Phasmida: Phasmatidae: Tropoderinae: Extatosomatini). Journal of Orthoptera Research 10(2): 303-313 [Date published 2002]

History of changes

• Phasma tiaratum Macleay, W.S. 1826. Annulosa, Catalogue of Insects, collected by Captain King, R.N. app. B, pp. 438-469, Table B in King, P.P. (ed.). Narrative of a Survey of the Intertropical and Western Coasts of Australia. Performed between the years 1818 and 1822; with Appendix B. London : John Murray Vol. 2 viii 637 pp., 9 pls. [Date published 15 Apr 1826: imprint 1827] [Publication date established from Common, I.F.B. & Moulds, M.S. 1973. The date of publication of Captain Phillip King's Narrative of a survey of the intertropical and western coasts of Australia. Journal of the Society for the Bibliography of Natural History 6(4): 257–259] [455].

  Type data:

   Holotype whereabouts unknown ♀ adult, Australia.
• Extatosoma hopei Gray, G.R. 1833. The Entomology of Australia in a Series of Monographs. The monograph of the genus Phasma. London : Longman & Co. Part 1 28 pp. 8 pls. [25].

  Type data:

   Holotype OUM 597 ♂ adult, Australia.
• Extatosoma bufonium Westwood, J.O. 1874. Thesaurus Entomologicus Oxoniensis: or illustrations of new, rare and interesting insects, for the most part coloured, in the collections presented to the University of Oxford by the Rev. F.W. Hope. London : McMillan & Co. xxiv 205 pp. 40 pls. [174].

  Type data:

   Holotype OUM 598 ♀ juv., Australia.
• Extatosoma elongatum Froggatt, W.W. 1922. Description of a new phasma belonging to the genus Extatosoma. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 47: 344-345 pl. 38 [345].

  Type data:

   Lectotype ANIC no reg. number ♀ (one of two known syntypes), Gosford, NSW.
  Paralectotype(s) MMUS no reg. number ♀, Camden, NSW;
  Syntype(s) ANIC ♀ adult, Gosford and Camden, NSW; MMUS ♀ adult (not found by Vickery, V.R. 1983. Catalogue of Australian stick insects (Phasmida, Phasmatodea, Phasmatoptera, or Cheleutoptera). CSIRO Aust. Div. Entomol. Tech. Pap. No. 20. 15 pp. [7]), Gosford and Camden, NSW.

  Subsequent designation references:

  Brock, P.D. 2001. Studies on the Australasian stick-insect genus Extatosoma Gray (Phasmida: Phasmatidae: Tropoderinae: Extatosomatini). Journal of Orthoptera Research 10(2): 303-313 [Date published 2002].

Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy

• Hasenpusch, J. & Brock, P.D. 2010. Macleay's Spectre Extatosoma tiaratum - taking camouflage to an extreme. Phasmid Study Group Newsletter 121: 11 [11]
• Brock, P., Büscher, T. & Baker, E. 2023. Phasmida Species File Online. http://phasmida.speciesfile.org (Species Extatosoma tiaratum (Macleay, 1826); accessed 16 Feb, 2023)

Generic Combinations

• Extatosoma tiaratum bufonium (Westwood, 1874). —
  Brock, P.D. 2001. Studies on the Australasian stick-insect genus Extatosoma Gray (Phasmida: Phasmatidae: Tropoderinae: Extatosomatini). Journal of Orthoptera Research 10(2): 303-313 [Date published 2002] [309] (new combination)
• Extatosoma tiaratum (Macleay, 1826). —
  Gray, G.R. 1833. The Entomology of Australia in a Series of Monographs. The monograph of the genus Phasma. London : Longman & Co. Part 1 28 pp. 8 pls. [23, pl. 8:2] (new combination as type species of the genus Extatosoma (by subsequent designation))
• Extatosoma tiaratum tiaratum (Macleay, 1826). —
  Brock, P.D. 2001. Studies on the Australasian stick-insect genus Extatosoma Gray (Phasmida: Phasmatidae: Tropoderinae: Extatosomatini). Journal of Orthoptera Research 10(2): 303-313 [Date published 2002] [307]

Introduction

Two subspecies previously recognised (Brock, 2001) including nominate and Extatosoma tiaratum bufonium Westwood, 1874, however E. bufonium currently considered a synonym of E. tiaratum (Hasenpusch & Brock, 2010).

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Queensland, Victoria

IBRA

NSW, Qld, Vic: Australian Alps (AA), Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), Nandewar (NAN), New England Tablelands (NET), NSW North Coast (NNC), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Coastal Plain (SCP), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Wet Tropics (WT)

Ecological Descriptors

Arboreal, herbivore.

Extra Ecological Information

Male volant and macropterous, female brachypterous.

General References

Balderson, J., Rentz, D.C.F. & Roach, A.M.E. 1998. Phasmatodea. pp. 347-376 in Houston, W.W.K. & Wells, A. (eds). Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Archaeognatha, Zygentoma, Blattodea, Isoptera, Mantodea, Dermaptera, Phasmatodea, Embioptera, Zoraptera. Melbourne : CSIRO Publishing, Australia Vol. 23 xiii 464 pp.

Brock, P.D. 2009. Studies on the Australasian stick-insect genus Extatosoma Gray (Phasmida: Phasmatidae: Tropoderinae: Extatosomatini). Journal of Orthoptera Research 10(2): 303-313 (recognising two sub-species)

Froggatt, W.W. 1905. Notes on stick or leaf insects, with an account of Podacanthus wilkinsoni as a forest pest, and the spiny leaf insect Extatosoma tiaratum, in the orchard. Agricultural Gazette of New South Wales 16: 515-520

Gurney, A.B. 1947. Notes on some remarkable Australasian walkingsticks, including a synopsis of the genus Extatosoma (Orthoptera: Phasmatidae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America 40(3): 373-396

History of changes

• Phasmatinae Leach, W.E. 1815. Entomology. pp. 57-172 in Brewster (ed.). The Edinburgh Encyclopedia. Edinburgh : William Blackburn Vol. 9(1) 764 pp. [reprint 1830].

  Type genus:

   Phasma Lichtenstein, 1796.

History of changes

• Acanthomimini Günther, K. 1953. Über die taxonomische Gliederung und die geographische Verbreitung der Insektenordnung de Phasmatodea. Beiträge zur Entomologie (Berlin) 3(5): 541-563.

History of changes

• Acanthomima Kirby, W.F. 1904. Notes on Phasmidae in the collection of the British Museum (Natural History) South Kensington, with descriptions of New Species. Nos I & II. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 7 13: 372-377, 429-449 [438].

  Type species:

   Anophelepsis rhipheus Westwood, 1859 by monotypy.
• Ectus Redtenbacher, J. in Brunner von Wattenwyl, K. & Redtenbacher, J. 1908. Die Insektenfamilie der Phasmiden. Lfg 3: (Schluss: Phasmidae anareolatae (Phibalosomini, Acrophylini, Necrosciini). Leipzig : Verlag Engelmann pp. 339-589 12 pls. [436, 437].

Distribution

States

Western Australia

IBRA

WA: Avon Wheatbelt (AW), Esperance Plains (ESP), Geraldton Sandplains (GS), Jarrah Forest (JF), Mallee (MAL), Swan Coastal Plain (SWA), Warren (WAR), Yalgoo (YAL)

Original AFD Distribution Data

Australian Region

• Australia
  • Western Australia: SW coastal

History of changes

• Anophelepis rhipheus Westwood, J.O. 1859. Catalogue of Orthopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum. Part I. Phasmidae. London : British Museum 184 pp. 48 pls. [70].

  Type data:

   Syntype(s) BMNH 2♀, Swan River, WA.
• Ectus solitarius Redtenbacher, J. in Brunner von Wattenwyl, K. & Redtenbacher, J. 1908. Die Insektenfamilie der Phasmiden. Lfg 3: (Schluss: Phasmidae anareolatae (Phibalosomini, Acrophylini, Necrosciini). Leipzig : Verlag Engelmann pp. 339-589 12 pls. [437].

  Type data:

   Holotype NHMW ♀ adult, Swan River, WA.

Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy

• Kirby, W.F. 1904. Notes on Phasmidae in the collection of the British Museum (Natural History) South Kensington, with descriptions of New Species. Nos I & II. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 7 13: 372-377, 429-449 [438]

Distribution

States

Western Australia

IBRA

WA: Avon Wheatbelt (AW), Geraldton Sandplains (GS), Jarrah Forest (JF), Swan Coastal Plain (SWA), Yalgoo (YAL)

Ecological Descriptors

Herbivore.

Extra Ecological Information

Male and female brachypterous.

History of changes

• Anophelepis Westwood, J.O. 1859. Catalogue of Orthopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum. Part I. Phasmidae. London : British Museum 184 pp. 48 pls. [68].

  Type species:

   Anophelepis telesphorus Westwood, 1859 by subsequent designation, see Kirby, W.F. 1904. A Synonymic Catalogue of Orthoptera. Orthoptera, Euplexoptera, Cursoria, et Gressoria (Forficulidae, Hemimeridae, Blattidae, Mantidae, Phasmidae). London : Longmans & Co. Vol. 1 x 501 pp. [382].
• Carnacia Sjöstedt, Y. 1918. Results of Dr E. Mjöberg's Swedish Scientific Expeditions to Australia 1910–1913. 17. Mantidae and Phasmidae. Arkiv för Zoologi 11(19): 1-61 1 pl. [50] [junior subjective synonym of Anophelepis Westwood, 1859].

  Type species:

   Carnacia obscura Sjöstedt, 1918 by monotypy.

Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy

• Vickery, V.R. 1983. Catalogue of Australian stick insects (Phasmida, Phasmatodea, Phasmatoptera, or Cheleutoptera). CSIRO Aust. Div. Entomol. Tech. Pap. No. 20. 15 pp. [4]

Distribution

States

Western Australia

IBRA

WA: Avon Wheatbelt (AW), Carnarvon (CAR), Esperance Plains (ESP), Gascoyne (GAS), Geraldton Sandplains (GS), Jarrah Forest (JF), Mallee (MAL), Murchison (MUR), Pilbara (PIL), Swan Coastal Plain (SWA), Warren (WAR), Yalgoo (YAL)

Original AFD Distribution Data

Australian Region

• Australia
  • Western Australia: NW coastal, SW coastal

History of changes

• Anophelepis telesphorus Westwood, J.O. 1859. Catalogue of Orthopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum. Part I. Phasmidae. London : British Museum 184 pp. 48 pls. [69].

  Type data:

   Syntype(s) BMNH ♂ ♀ adults, Australia (as Australia occidentali) and Swan River, WA.
• Carnacia obscura Sjöstedt, Y. 1918. Results of Dr E. Mjöberg's Swedish Scientific Expeditions to Australia 1910–1913. 17. Mantidae and Phasmidae. Arkiv för Zoologi 11(19): 1-61 1 pl. [51].

  Type data:

   Holotype NHRM ♀ juv., Carnac (as Insul. Carnac), WA.

Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy

• Vickery, V.R. 1983. Catalogue of Australian stick insects (Phasmida, Phasmatodea, Phasmatoptera, or Cheleutoptera). CSIRO Aust. Div. Entomol. Tech. Pap. No. 20. 15 pp. [4]

Distribution

States

Western Australia

IBRA

WA: Geraldton Sandplains (GS), Jarrah Forest (JF), Swan Coastal Plain (SWA), Warren (WAR), Yalgoo (YAL)

Ecological Descriptors

Herbivore.

Extra Ecological Information

Male volant and mesopterous, female brachypterous.

History of changes

• Arphax Stål, C. 1875. Recensio Orthopterorum. Stockholm : Norstedt & Soner Vol. 3 pp. 4-105. [37].

  Type species:

   Bacillus australis Charpentier, 1845 by monotypy.
• Austroclonistria Redtenbacher, J. in Brunner von Wattenwyl, K. & Redtenbacher, J. 1908. Die Insektenfamilie der Phasmiden. Lfg 3: (Schluss: Phasmidae anareolatae (Phibalosomini, Acrophylini, Necrosciini). Leipzig : Verlag Engelmann pp. 339-589 12 pls. [438].

  Type species:

   Austroclonistria serrulata Redtenbacher, 1908 by monotypy.

Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy

• Brock, P.D. & Hasenpusch, J. 2007. Studies on the Australian stick insects (Phasmida), including a checklist of species and bibliography. Zootaxa 1570: 1-81 [72]

Distribution

States

Northern Territory, Queensland, Western Australia

IBRA

NT, Qld, WA: Avon Wheatbelt (AW), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), Esperance Plains (ESP), Gulf Plains (GUP), Jarrah Forest (JF), Pine Creek (PCK), Swan Coastal Plain (SWA), Warren (WAR)

Original AFD Distribution Data

Australian Region

• Australia
  • Northern Territory: N coastal
  • Queensland: NE coastal
  • Western Australia: SW coastal

History of changes

• Bacillus australis Charpentier, T. 1845. Orthoptera descripta et depicta. Leipzig : Lipsiae ii, vi 120 pp. 60 pls. [57].

  Type data:

   Syntype(s) ZMB ♂ ♀ adults (number unknown), Australia.

Distribution

States

Western Australia

IBRA

WA: Avon Wheatbelt (AW), Jarrah Forest (JF), Swan Coastal Plain (SWA), Warren (WAR)

Ecological Descriptors

Grassland, herbivore.

Extra Ecological Information

Male and female apterous.

History of changes

• Bacillus brunneus Gray, G.R. 1833. The Entomology of Australia in a Series of Monographs. The monograph of the genus Phasma. London : Longman & Co. Part 1 28 pp. 8 pls. [28].

  Type data:

   Holotype BMNH ♂ adult, Swan River, WA.

Distribution

States

Western Australia

Original AFD Distribution Data

Australian Region

• Australia
  • Western Australia: SW coastal

Ecological Descriptors

Grassland, herbivore.

Extra Ecological Information

Male and female apterous.

History of changes

• Bacillus dolomedes Westwood, J.O. 1859. Catalogue of Orthopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum. Part I. Phasmidae. London : British Museum 184 pp. 48 pls. [13].

  Type data:

   Holotype BMNH ♀ adult, Australia (as New Holland).
• Austroclonistria serrulata Redtenbacher, J. in Brunner von Wattenwyl, K. & Redtenbacher, J. 1908. Die Insektenfamilie der Phasmiden. Lfg 3: (Schluss: Phasmidae anareolatae (Phibalosomini, Acrophylini, Necrosciini). Leipzig : Verlag Engelmann pp. 339-589 12 pls. [438].

  Type data:

   Syntype(s) ZMB ♂ ♀ adults, Adelaide, SA.

Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy

• Brock, P.D. & Hasenpusch, J. 2007. Studies on the Australian stick insects (Phasmida), including a checklist of species and bibliography. Zootaxa 1570: 1-81 [73]

Distribution

States

Northern Territory, Queensland

Extra Distribution Information

Possibly also Musgrave Ranges, South Australia

IBRA

NT, Qld: Gulf Plains (GUP), Pine Creek (PCK)

Ecological Descriptors

Grassland, herbivore.

Extra Ecological Information

Male and female apterous.

History of changes

• Arphax michaelseni Werner, F. 1912. Mantodea und Phasmodea. pp. 47-56 in Michaelsen, W. & Hartmeyer, R. (eds). Die Fauna Sudwest-Australiens. Jena : Verlag Gustav Fischer Vol. 4. [54].

  Type data:

   Syntype(s) ZMH 3♀ adults, South Albany, WA.

Distribution

States

Western Australia

IBRA

WA: Esperance Plains (ESP)

Ecological Descriptors

Grassland, herbivore.

Extra Ecological Information

Male and female apterous.

History of changes

• Arphax signatus Brunner von Wattenwyl, K. in Brunner von Wattenwyl, K. & Redtenbacher, J. 1907. Die Insektenfamilie der Phasmiden. Lfg 2: Phasmidae anareolatae (Clitumnini, Lonchodini, Bacunculini). Leipzig : Verlag Engelmann 181-338 pp. pls vii-xv. [235].

  Type data:

   Holotype NHMW ♀ adult, QLD.

Distribution

States

Queensland

Extra Distribution Information

Known only from type locality.

IBRA

Qld: Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), Gulf Plains (GUP)

Ecological Descriptors

Grassland, herbivore.

Extra Ecological Information

Male and female apterous.

History of changes

• Echetlus Stål, C. 1875. Recherches sur le système des Phasmides. Bihang till Kungliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar 2(17): 1-19 [6].

  Type species:

   Bacillus peristhenes Westwood, 1859 by subsequent designation, see Kirby, W.F. 1904. A Synonymic Catalogue of Orthoptera. Orthoptera, Euplexoptera, Cursoria, et Gressoria (Forficulidae, Hemimeridae, Blattidae, Mantidae, Phasmidae). London : Longmans & Co. Vol. 1 x 501 pp. [339].

Introduction

There is an Australian specimen of Echetlus evoneobertii (as Canodiva evoneobertii, now recognised as Arumatia dubia) reportedly housed at the Zoological Museum of the Christian-Albrechts University in Germany; however, the specimen cannot be located. Ghirotto et al. (2022) suspect the specimen was misidentified and represents a distinct Australian native species.

Distribution

States

Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

New Guinea.

IBRA

WA: Avon Wheatbelt (AW), Esperance Plains (ESP), Geraldton Sandplains (GS), Jarrah Forest (JF), Mallee (MAL), Swan Coastal Plain (SWA), Warren (WAR), Yalgoo (YAL)

Original AFD Distribution Data

Australian Region

• Australia
  • Western Australia: SW coastal

Distribution References

General References

Ghirotto, V., Grispino, E., Engelking, P., Neves, P., Góis, G., & Chiquetto-Machado, P. 2022. Arumatia, a new genus of Diapheromerinae stick insects (Insecta, Phasmatodea) from Brazil, with the description of five new species and a reassessment of species misplaced in Australian genera. European Journal of Taxonomy 827: 1-85

History of changes

• Bacillus peristhenes Westwood, J.O. 1859. Catalogue of Orthopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum. Part I. Phasmidae. London : British Museum 184 pp. 48 pls. [13].

  Type data:

   Syntype(s) BMNH ♂ ♀ adults, Australia.

Distribution

States

Western Australia

IBRA

WA: Avon Wheatbelt (AW), Jarrah Forest (JF), Swan Coastal Plain (SWA), Warren (WAR)

Ecological Descriptors

Grassland, herbivore.

Extra Ecological Information

Male and female apterous.

History of changes

• Vasilissa Kirby, W.F. 1896. On some new or rare Phasmidae in the Collection of the British Museum. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London 2 6(6): 447-475 pls xxxix-xl [468].

  Type species:

   Vasilissa walkeri Kirby, 1896 by monotypy.

Distribution

States

Western Australia

IBRA

WA: Central Kimberley (CK), Dampierland (DL), Northern Kimberley (NK), Ord Victoria Plain (OVP), Victoria Bonaparte (VB)

Original AFD Distribution Data

Australian Region

• Australia
  • Western Australia: N coastal

History of changes

• Vasilissa walkeri Kirby, W.F. 1896. On some new or rare Phasmidae in the Collection of the British Museum. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London 2 6(6): 447-475 pls xxxix-xl [469].

  Type data:

   Syntype(s) BMNH ♂ adult ♀ juv., Queens Is. (as Queen's Islet), WA.

Distribution

States

Western Australia

IBRA

WA: Central Kimberley (CK), Dampierland (DL), Northern Kimberley (NK), Ord Victoria Plain (OVP), Victoria Bonaparte (VB)

Original AFD Distribution Data

Australian Region

• Australia
  • Western Australia: N coastal

Ecological Descriptors

Arboreal, herbivore, volant.

Extra Ecological Information

Male and female macropterous.

History of changes

• Phasmatini Leach, W.E. 1815. Entomology. pp. 57-172 in Brewster (ed.). The Edinburgh Encyclopedia. Edinburgh : William Blackburn Vol. 9(1) 764 pp. [reprint 1830].

History of changes

• Acrophylla Gray, G.R. 1835. Synopsis of the Species of Insects Belonging to the Family of Phasmidae. London : Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, Green & Longman 48 pp. [38].

  Type species:

   Phasma titan Macleay, 1826 by subsequent designation, see Karny, H.H. 1923. Zur Nomenklatur der Phasmoiden. Treubia 3: 230-242 [240].
• Vetilia Stål, C. 1875. Recensio Orthopterorum. Stockholm : Norstedt & Soner Vol. 3 pp. 4-105. [36].

  Type species:

   Acrophylla enceladus Gray, 1835 by monotypy.

Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy

• Brock, P.D. & Hasenpusch, J. 2007. Studies on the Australian stick insects (Phasmida), including a checklist of species and bibliography. Zootaxa 1570: 1-81 [72]

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, South Australia, Victoria, Western Australia

IBRA

NSW, NT, Qld, SA, Vic, WA: Central Ranges (CR), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Finke (FIN), Gawler (GAW), Great Victoria Desert (GVD), NSW North Coast (NNC), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Wet Tropics (WT)

History of changes

• Phibalosoma caprella Westwood, J.O. 1859. Catalogue of Orthopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum. Part I. Phasmidae. London : British Museum 184 pp. 48 pls. [76].

  Type data:

   Holotype OUM 632 ♂ adult, Australia (as Nova Hollandia).

Generic Combinations

• Acrophylla caprella (Westwood, 1859). —
  Brock, P.D. & Hasenpusch, J. 2007. Studies on the Australian stick insects (Phasmida), including a checklist of species and bibliography. Zootaxa 1570: 1-81 [72]

Distribution

States

Queensland

Ecological Descriptors

Arboreal, herbivore.

Extra Ecological Information

Male volant mesopterous, female brachypterous.

History of changes

• Acrophylla cookorum Brock, P.D. & Coupland, R.M. 2022. Studying the phasmids of Springbrook Mountain, Binna Burra and surrounds, southeast Queensland. Phasmid Studies 21: 15-74 [29-34].

  Type data:

   Holotype QM T246604 ♀, Apple Tree Park, Springbrook, Queensland [28.16°S, 153.26°E].
  Paratype(s) QM T246606, T246617 2 ♀, Tallebudgera Valley, Queensland; QM T246605 ♂, Tallebudgera Valley, Queensland.

Distribution

States

Queensland

IBRA

Qld: South Eastern Queensland (SEQ)

History of changes

• Acrophylla enceladus Gray, G.R. 1835. Synopsis of the Species of Insects Belonging to the Family of Phasmidae. London : Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, Green & Longman 48 pp. [39].

  Type data:

   Syntype(s) OUM 627 ♂ ♀ adult (number and whereabouts of other syntypes unknown), Australia.
• Vetilia eurymedon Stål, C. 1877. Espèces nouvelles de Phasmides. Bulletin ou Comptes-rendus des Séances de la Société Entomologique de Belgique 20: lxii-lxviii [lxiii].

  Type data:

   Holotype NHRM ♀ adult, Cape York, QLD.

Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy

• Kirby, W.F. 1900. Orthoptera. pp. 141-153 in Andrews, C.W. (ed.). A Monograph of Christmas Island (Indian Ocean): physical features and geology; with descriptions of the fauna and flora by numerous contributors. London : British Museum (Natural History) xiii 337 pp. [11]

Generic Combinations

• Vetilia enceladus (Gray, 1835).
• Acrophylla enceladus Gray, 1835. —
  Brock, P.D. & Hasenpusch, J.W. 2009. The Complete Field Guide to Stick and Leaf Insects of Australia. Collingwoord, Victoria : CSIRO Publishing 204 pp.

Distribution

States

Queensland

IBRA

Qld: Cape York Peninsula (CYP), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ)

Ecological Descriptors

Arboreal, herbivore, volant.

Extra Ecological Information

Male and female macropterous.

History of changes

• Acrophylla nubilosa Tepper, J.G.O. 1905. Insects collected in the North-western Region of South Australia proper by H. Basedow; with descriptions of new species of Mantidae and Phasmidae, No. 2. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia 29: 237-245 [241].

  Type data:

   Holotype SAMA ♂ adult, NW SA.
• Acrophylla aliena Redtenbacher, J. in Brunner von Wattenwyl, K. & Redtenbacher, J. 1908. Die Insektenfamilie der Phasmiden. Lfg 3: (Schluss: Phasmidae anareolatae (Phibalosomini, Acrophylini, Necrosciini). Leipzig : Verlag Engelmann pp. 339-589 12 pls. [456].

  Type data:

   Syntype(s) NHMW ♂ ♀ adults (number unknown), Australia.
• Acrophylla paula Tepper, J.G.O. 1905. Insects collected in the North-western Region of South Australia proper by H. Basedow; with descriptions of new species of Mantidae and Phasmidae, No. 2. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia 29: 237-245 [242].

  Type data:

   Holotype SAMA ♂ adult, NW SA.

Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy

• Brock, P.D. & Hasenpusch, J. 2007. Studies on the Australian stick insects (Phasmida), including a checklist of species and bibliography. Zootaxa 1570: 1-81 [72]

Distribution

States

Northern Territory, South Australia, Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

Also 'northern Australia'

Known only from type locality.

IBRA

NT, SA, WA: Central Ranges (CR), Finke (FIN), Gawler (GAW), Great Victoria Desert (GVD)

Ecological Descriptors

Arboreal, herbivore, volant.

Extra Ecological Information

Male and female mesopterous.

History of changes

• Vetilia thoon Stål, C. 1877. Espèces nouvelles de Phasmides. Bulletin ou Comptes-rendus des Séances de la Société Entomologique de Belgique 20: lxii-lxviii [lxiii].

  Type data:

   Holotype NHRM ♀ adult, Rockhampton, QLD.

Generic Combinations

• Acrophylla thoon (Stål, 1877). —
  Brock, P.D. & Hasenpusch, J. 2007. Studies on the Australian stick insects (Phasmida), including a checklist of species and bibliography. Zootaxa 1570: 1-81 [72]

Distribution

States

Queensland

IBRA

Qld: Cape York Peninsula (CYP), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ)

Original AFD Distribution Data

Australian Region

• Australia
  • Queensland: NE coastal

Ecological Descriptors

Arboreal, herbivore.

Extra Ecological Information

Male macropterous and volant, female brachypterous.

History of changes

• Phasma titan Macleay, W.S. 1826. Annulosa, Catalogue of Insects, collected by Captain King, R.N. app. B, pp. 438-469, Table B in King, P.P. (ed.). Narrative of a Survey of the Intertropical and Western Coasts of Australia. Performed between the years 1818 and 1822; with Appendix B. London : John Murray Vol. 2 viii 637 pp., 9 pls. [Date published 15 Apr 1826: imprint 1827] [Publication date established from Common, I.F.B. & Moulds, M.S. 1973. The date of publication of Captain Phillip King's Narrative of a survey of the intertropical and western coasts of Australia. Journal of the Society for the Bibliography of Natural History 6(4): 257–259] [454].

  Type data:

   Holotype whereabouts unknown (sex unknown), NSW.

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Queensland, Victoria

IBRA

NSW, Qld, Vic: NSW North Coast (NNC), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ)

Ecological Descriptors

Arboreal, herbivore, volant.

Extra Ecological Information

Male and female mesopterous.

History of changes

• Vetilia wuelfingi Redtenbacher, J. in Brunner von Wattenwyl, K. & Redtenbacher, J. 1908. Die Insektenfamilie der Phasmiden. Lfg 3: (Schluss: Phasmidae anareolatae (Phibalosomini, Acrophylini, Necrosciini). Leipzig : Verlag Engelmann pp. 339-589 12 pls. [464].

  Type data:

   
  Syntype(s) ZMH ♀ adult(s) (number unknown), N Australia (as Nordwest-Australien) and VIC; SMNS ♀ adult(s) (number unknown), N Australia (as Nordwest-Australien) and VIC; NHMW ♀ (number unknown), N Australia (as Nordwest-Australien) and VIC.
• Vetilia ligula Redtenbacher, J. in Brunner von Wattenwyl, K. & Redtenbacher, J. 1908. Die Insektenfamilie der Phasmiden. Lfg 3: (Schluss: Phasmidae anareolatae (Phibalosomini, Acrophylini, Necrosciini). Leipzig : Verlag Engelmann pp. 339-589 12 pls. [464].

  Type data:

   Lectotype MCSN ♀ adult, Australia.
  Paralectotype(s) MCSN ♀ ('may represent a different species, or may be mislabelled' (Brock & Hasenpusch 2007: 72)), New Guinea.

Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy

• Brock, P.D. & Hasenpusch, J. 2007. Studies on the Australian stick insects (Phasmida), including a checklist of species and bibliography. Zootaxa 1570: 1-81 [72]

Distribution

States

Queensland

IBRA

Qld: South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Wet Tropics (WT)

Ecological Descriptors

Arboreal, herbivore.

Extra Ecological Information

Male volant and mesopterous, female flightless and mesopterous.

History of changes

• Anchiale Stål, C. 1875. Recensio Orthopterorum. Stockholm : Norstedt & Soner Vol. 3 pp. 4-105. [35].

  Type species:

   Mantis maculata Olivier, 1792 by monotypy.
• Ctenomorphodes Karny, H.H. 1923. Zur Nomenklatur der Phasmoiden. Treubia 3: 230-242 [240].

  Type species:

   Phasma (Diura) briareus Gray, 1834 by original designation.

Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy

• Brock, P.D. & Hasenpusch, J. 2007. Studies on the Australian stick insects (Phasmida), including a checklist of species and bibliography. Zootaxa 1570: 1-81 [72]

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland

Extra Distribution Information

Indonesia and New Guinea.

IBRA

NSW, NT, Qld: Arnhem Coast (ARC), Arnhem Plateau (ARP), Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Central Arnhem (CA), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Daly Basin (DAB), Darwin Coastal (DAC), Desert Uplands (DEU), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), Gulf Fall and Uplands (GFU), Gulf Coastal (GUC), Gulf Plains (GUP), Mount Isa Inlier (MII), NSW North Coast (NNC), Ord Victoria Plain (OVP), Pine Creek (PCK), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Tiwi Cobourg (TIW), Victoria Bonaparte (VB), Wet Tropics (WT)

Original AFD Distribution Data

Australian Region

• Australia
  • Northern Territory: N Gulf, N coastal
  • Queensland: N Gulf, NE coastal

Distribution References

History of changes

• Anchiale austrotesselata Brock, P.D. & Hasenpusch, J. 2007. Studies on the Australian stick insects (Phasmida), including a checklist of species and bibliography. Zootaxa 1570: 1-81 [72] [replacement name for Ctenomorphodes tessulatus Gray, 1835, j.h. of Mantis tessulata Goeze, 1778].
• Ctenomorpha tessulata Gray, G.R. 1835. Synopsis of the Species of Insects Belonging to the Family of Phasmidae. London : Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, Green & Longman 48 pp. [44] [Curtis manuscript name originally spelled tesselata, see Vickery, V.R. 1983. Catalogue of Australian stick insects (Phasmida, Phasmatodea, Phasmatoptera, or Cheleutoptera). CSIRO Aust. Div. Entomol. Tech. Pap. No. 20. 15 pp.].

  Type data:

   Holotype NMV ♂ adult, Australia.
  Paratype(s) OUM ♂ ♀; BMNH ♂.
• Ctenomorpha tessellata Westwood, J.O. 1859. Catalogue of Orthopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum. Part I. Phasmidae. London : British Museum 184 pp. 48 pls. [115] [unjustified emendation of Ctenomorpha tessulata Gray, 1835].
• Acrophylla tessalata Rainbow, W.J. 1897. Catalogue of the described Phasmidae of Australia. Records of the Australian Museum 3(2): 37-44 [41] [unjustified emendation of Ctenomorpha tessulata Gray, 1835].

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Queensland

IBRA

NSW, Qld: South Eastern Queensland (SEQ)

General References

Hennemann, F.H., Conle, O.V. & Suzuki, S. 2015. A study of the members of the tribe Phasmatini Gray, 1835, that occur within the boundaries of Wallacea (Phasmatodea: Phasmatidae: Phasmatinae: “Lanceocercata”). Zootaxa 4008: 1-74 [11]

History of changes

• Phasma (Diura) briareus Gray, G.R. 1834. Descriptions of several species of Australian Phasmata. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 1: 45-46 [45].

  Type data:

   Holotype whereabouts unknown (sex unknown), Australia (as New Holland).
• Ctenomorpha nigrovaria Stål, C. 1875. Recensio Orthopterorum. Stockholm : Norstedt & Soner Vol. 3 pp. 4-105. [83].

  Type data:

   Syntype(s) NHRM ♂ ♀ adults (number unknown), Cape York, QLD.
• Ctenomorpha albopunctatum Kirby, W.F. 1896. On some new or rare Phasmidae in the Collection of the British Museum. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London 2 6(6): 447-475 pls xxxix-xl [472].

  Type data:

   Syntype(s) BMNH 2♂ adults, QLD.
• Ctenomorpha macleayi Gray, G.R. 1835. Synopsis of the Species of Insects Belonging to the Family of Phasmidae. London : Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, Green & Longman 48 pp. [41].

  Type data:

   Syntype(s) LS ♂ ♀ adults, Australia.

Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy

• Karny, H.H. 1923. Zur Nomenklatur der Phasmoiden. Treubia 3: 230-242 [240]

Generic Combinations

• Anchiale briareus (Gray, 1834). —
  Brock, P.D. & Hasenpusch, J. 2007. Studies on the Australian stick insects (Phasmida), including a checklist of species and bibliography. Zootaxa 1570: 1-81 [72]

Distribution

States

Queensland

IBRA

Qld: Wet Tropics (WT)

Ecological Descriptors

Arboreal, herbivore.

Extra Ecological Information

Male volant and mesopterous, female flightless and mesopterous.

General References

Hennemann, F.H., Conle, O.V. & Suzuki, S. 2015. A study of the members of the tribe Phasmatini Gray, 1835, that occur within the boundaries of Wallacea (Phasmatodea: Phasmatidae: Phasmatinae: “Lanceocercata”). Zootaxa 4008: 1-74 [11]

History of changes

• Ctenomorpha spinicollis Gray, G.R. 1833. The Entomology of Australia in a Series of Monographs. The monograph of the genus Phasma. London : Longman & Co. Part 1 28 pp. 8 pls. [27].

  Type data:

   Holotype OUM 626 ♂ adult, Melville Is., NT.
• Diura japetus Gray, G.R. 1833. The Entomology of Australia in a Series of Monographs. The monograph of the genus Phasma. London : Longman & Co. Part 1 28 pp. 8 pls. [26].

  Type data:

   Holotype OUM 625 ♀ adult, Melville Is., NT.

Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy

• Kirby, W.F. 1904. A Synonymic Catalogue of Orthoptera. Orthoptera, Euplexoptera, Cursoria, et Gressoria (Forficulidae, Hemimeridae, Blattidae, Mantidae, Phasmidae). London : Longmans & Co. Vol. 1 x 501 pp. [393]

Generic Combinations

• Anchiale spinicollis (Gray, 1833).

Distribution

States

Northern Territory, Queensland

IBRA

NT, Qld: Daly Basin (DAB), Darwin Coastal (DAC), Gulf Plains (GUP), Pine Creek (PCK), Tiwi Cobourg (TIW)

Ecological Descriptors

Herbivore.

General References

Hennemann, F.H., Conle, O.V. & Suzuki, S. 2015. A study of the members of the tribe Phasmatini Gray, 1835, that occur within the boundaries of Wallacea (Phasmatodea: Phasmatidae: Phasmatinae: “Lanceocercata”). Zootaxa 4008: 1-74 [13]

History of changes

• Cigarrophasma Brock, P.D. & Hasenpusch, J. 2001. Cigarrophasma, a new genus of stick-insect (Phasmatidae) from Australia. Phasmid Studies 9(1&2): 4-10.

Distribution

States

Queensland

IBRA

Qld: Wet Tropics (WT)

History of changes

• Cigarrophasma tessellatum Brock, P.D. & Hasenpusch, J. 2001. Cigarrophasma, a new genus of stick-insect (Phasmatidae) from Australia. Phasmid Studies 9(1&2): 4-10.

Distribution

States

Queensland

IBRA

Qld: Wet Tropics (WT)

History of changes

• Clemacantha Rainbow, W.J. 1897. Description of two new Australian Phasmas, together with a synopsis of the Phasmidae of Australia. Records of the Australian Museum 3(2): 34-37 [34].

  Type species:

   Clemacantha regale Rainbow, 1897 (= Phasma (Diura) goliath Gray, 1834) by monotypy.

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Queensland

IBRA

NSW, Qld: Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Nandewar (NAN), New England Tablelands (NET), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Wet Tropics (WT)

History of changes

• Phasma (Diura) goliath Gray, G.R. 1834. Descriptions of several species of Australian Phasmata. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 1: 45-46 [45].

  Type data:

   Holotype whereabouts unknown, Australia.
• Phasma (Diura) acheron Gray, G.R. 1834. Descriptions of several species of Australian Phasmata. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 1: 45-46 [46].

  Type data:

   Holotype whereabouts unknown juv. (sex unknown), Australia (as New Holland).
• Cyphocrania versifasciata Audinet-Serville, J.G. 1839. Histoire Naturelle des Insectes. Orthoptères. Paris : Librairie Encyclopédique de Roret i-xviii, 1-776, Atlas pls 1-14. [dated 1838] [235].

  Type data:

   Holotype whereabouts unknown ♀ adult, locality unknown.
• Cyphocrania versirubra Audinet-Serville, J.G. 1839. Histoire Naturelle des Insectes. Orthoptères. Paris : Librairie Encyclopédique de Roret i-xviii, 1-776, Atlas pls 1-14. [dated 1838] [235].

  Type data:

   Holotype OUM 630 ♀ adult, unknown, labelled Brés [Brazil] in error.
• Cyphocrania herculeana Charpentier, T. 1845. Orthoptera descripta et depicta. Leipzig : Lipsiae ii, vi 120 pp. 60 pls. [1] [incorrect subsequent spelling, as Cyphocrania].

  Type data:

   Holotype ZMB ♀ adult, Java.
• Clemacantha regale Rainbow, W.J. 1897. Description of two new Australian Phasmas, together with a synopsis of the Phasmidae of Australia. Records of the Australian Museum 3(2): 34-37 [34].

  Type data:

   Holotype AM ♀ adult, Narrabri, NSW.
• Cyphocrana hanitschi Sharp, D. 1898. Account of the Phasmidae, with notes on the eggs. 75-94 pls vii-ix in Willey, A. (ed.). Zoological Results, Based on Material from New Britain, New Guinea, Loyalty Islands and elsewhere collected during 1895, 1896 and 1897. Cambridge : University Press. [89] [incorrect subsequent spelling, as Cyphocrania].

  Type data:

   Status unknown, whereabouts unknown, ?Java.
• Eurycnema magnifica Kirby, W.F. 1904. Notes on Phasmidae in the collection of the British Museum (Natural History) South Kensington, with descriptions of New Species. Nos I & II. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 7 13: 372-377, 429-449 [439].

  Type data:

   Holotype BMNH ♀, 'Probably New Guinea'.
• Eurycnema viridissima Kirby, W.F. 1904. Notes on Phasmidae in the collection of the British Museum (Natural History) South Kensington, with descriptions of New Species. Nos I & II. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 7 13: 372-377, 429-449 [440].

  Type data:

   Syntype(s) BMNH 2♀ adults, North Australia and Moreton Bay, QLD.

Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy

• Vickery, V.R. 1983. Catalogue of Australian stick insects (Phasmida, Phasmatodea, Phasmatoptera, or Cheleutoptera). CSIRO Aust. Div. Entomol. Tech. Pap. No. 20. 15 pp. [6]

Generic Combinations

• Eurycnema goliath (Gray, 1834). —
  Kirby, W.F. 1904. A Synonymic Catalogue of Orthoptera. Orthoptera, Euplexoptera, Cursoria, et Gressoria (Forficulidae, Hemimeridae, Blattidae, Mantidae, Phasmidae). London : Longmans & Co. Vol. 1 x 501 pp. [391]
• Clemacantha goliath (Gray, 1834). —
  Rainbow, W.J. 1897. Description of two new Australian Phasmas, together with a synopsis of the Phasmidae of Australia. Records of the Australian Museum 3(2): 34-37 [34] (new combination as type species of the genus Clemacantha (= Phasma (Diura) goliath Gray, 1834))

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Queensland

IBRA

NSW, Qld: Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Nandewar (NAN), New England Tablelands (NET), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Wet Tropics (WT)

Ecological Descriptors

Arboreal, herbivore.

Extra Ecological Information

Male volant and mesopterous, female flightless and mesopterous.

General References

Burmeister, H. 1838. Handbuch der Entomologie. Berlin : T.C.F. Enslin Vol. 2(2) 1050 pp. [578] (as Cyphocrania, emendation of Cyphocrana Lepeletier & Audinet-Serville, 1828)

Hennemann, F.H., Conle, O.V. & Suzuki, S. 2015. A study of the members of the tribe Phasmatini Gray, 1835, that occur within the boundaries of Wallacea (Phasmatodea: Phasmatidae: Phasmatinae: “Lanceocercata”). Zootaxa 4008: 1-74 [26]

History of changes

• Ctenomorpha Gray, G.R. 1833. The Entomology of Australia in a Series of Monographs. The monograph of the genus Phasma. London : Longman & Co. Part 1 28 pp. 8 pls. [16].

  Type species:

   Ctenomorpha marginipennis Gray, 1833 by subsequent designation, see Kirby, W.F. 1904. A Synonymic Catalogue of Orthoptera. Orthoptera, Euplexoptera, Cursoria, et Gressoria (Forficulidae, Hemimeridae, Blattidae, Mantidae, Phasmidae). London : Longmans & Co. Vol. 1 x 501 pp. [388].

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria

IBRA

NSW, Qld, SA, Tas, Vic: Australian Alps (AA), Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Ben Lomond (BEL), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Desert Uplands (DEU), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), Eyre Yorke Block (EYB), Flinders Lofty Block (FLB), Flinders (FLI), Gawler (GAW), Kanmantoo (KAN), King (KIN), Murray Darling Depression (MDD), Naracoorte Coastal Plain (NCP), NSW North Coast (NNC), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Coastal Plain (SCP), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Tasmanian Central Highlands (TCH), Tasmanian Northern Midlands (TNM), Tasmanian Northern Slopes (TNS), Tasmanian South East (TSE), Tasmanian Southern Ranges (TSR), Tasmanian West (TWE), Victorian Midlands (VM), Victorian Volcanic Plain (VVP), Wet Tropics (WT)

Original AFD Distribution Data

Australian Region

• Australia
  • New South Wales: SE coastal
  • Queensland: NE coastal
  • South Australia: S Gulfs, SE coastal
  • Victoria: SE coastal

History of changes

• Ctenomorpha gargantua Hasenpusch, J. & Brock, P.D. 2006. Studies on the Australian stick insect genus Ctenomorpha Gray (Phasmida: Phasmatidae: Phasmatinae), with the description of a new large species. Zootaxa 1282: 1-15.

Distribution

States

Queensland

IBRA

Qld: Wet Tropics (WT)

General References

Monteith, G. 2014. Female of Australia's enigmatic Giant Phasmid finally captured. Entomological Society of Queensland News Bulletin 42(233-35)

History of changes

• Ctenomorpha marginipennis Gray, G.R. 1833. The Entomology of Australia in a Series of Monographs. The monograph of the genus Phasma. London : Longman & Co. Part 1 28 pp. 8 pls. [27].

  Type data:

   Syntype(s) OUM 623 ♂ adult (number unknown), Australia.
• Diura chronus Gray, G.R. 1833. The Entomology of Australia in a Series of Monographs. The monograph of the genus Phasma. London : Longman & Co. Part 1 28 pp. 8 pls. [26].

  Type data:

   Lectotype whereabouts unknown ♀ adult, locality unknown.

  Subsequent designation references:

  Key, K.H.L. 1960. Proposed addition of certain generic and specific names in the family Phasmatidae (Class Insecta, Order Phasmatodea) to the Official Lists and Indexes. Z.N. (S) 1167. Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 17: 235-240 [236] (selected from specimens figured by Gray).
• Lopaphus macrotegmus Tepper, J.G.O. 1887. Description of a supposed new species of Phasmidae. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia 9: 112-113 pl. vi [112].

  Type data:

   Syntype(s) SAMA ♂ ♀ adults and juvs (number unknown), Mt Lofty and Balhannah, SA.
• Acrophylla tasmaniensis Lea, A.M. 1902. Notes on some remarkable Tasmanian invertebrates. Papers and Proceedings of the Royal Society of Tasmania 1902: 81-82 [81].

  Type data:

   Holotype TMH ♀ adult, Burnie, TAS.
• Acrophylla oxyacantha Redtenbacher, J. in Brunner von Wattenwyl, K. & Redtenbacher, J. 1908. Die Insektenfamilie der Phasmiden. Lfg 3: (Schluss: Phasmidae anareolatae (Phibalosomini, Acrophylini, Necrosciini). Leipzig : Verlag Engelmann pp. 339-589 12 pls. [457].

  Type data:

   Syntype(s) ZMH ♀ nymph (whereabouts and number of remaining syntypes unknown), Moreton Bay (as Moreton-Bai) QLD, Sydney NSW and TAS.
• Acrophylla phyllocerca Redtenbacher, J. in Brunner von Wattenwyl, K. & Redtenbacher, J. 1908. Die Insektenfamilie der Phasmiden. Lfg 3: (Schluss: Phasmidae anareolatae (Phibalosomini, Acrophylini, Necrosciini). Leipzig : Verlag Engelmann pp. 339-589 12 pls. [457].

  Type data:

   Syntype(s) NHMW ♂ ♀ adults (number unknown), Adelaide, SA, Melbourne, VIC and New Zealand (as Neu-Seeland).
• Acrophylla scutigera Redtenbacher, J. in Brunner von Wattenwyl, K. & Redtenbacher, J. 1908. Die Insektenfamilie der Phasmiden. Lfg 3: (Schluss: Phasmidae anareolatae (Phibalosomini, Acrophylini, Necrosciini). Leipzig : Verlag Engelmann pp. 339-589 12 pls. [457].

  Type data:

   
  Syntype(s) OLML ♂ ♀ adults (number unknown), Melbourne and Australia; NMV ♂ ♀ adults (number unknown), Melbourne and Australia.

Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy

• Westwood, J.O. 1859. Catalogue of Orthopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum. Part I. Phasmidae. London : British Museum 184 pp. 48 pls. [114]
• Vickery, V.R. 1983. Catalogue of Australian stick insects (Phasmida, Phasmatodea, Phasmatoptera, or Cheleutoptera). CSIRO Aust. Div. Entomol. Tech. Pap. No. 20. 15 pp.
• Brock, P.D. & Hasenpusch, J. 2007. Studies on the Australian stick insects (Phasmida), including a checklist of species and bibliography. Zootaxa 1570: 1-81 [73] (confirm synonymy)

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria

IBRA

NSW, Qld, SA, Tas, Vic: Australian Alps (AA), Ben Lomond (BEL), Eyre Yorke Block (EYB), Flinders Lofty Block (FLB), Flinders (FLI), Kanmantoo (KAN), King (KIN), Murray Darling Depression (MDD), Naracoorte Coastal Plain (NCP), NSW North Coast (NNC), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Coastal Plain (SCP), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Tasmanian Central Highlands (TCH), Tasmanian Northern Midlands (TNM), Tasmanian Northern Slopes (TNS), Tasmanian South East (TSE), Tasmanian Southern Ranges (TSR), Tasmanian West (TWE), Victorian Midlands (VM), Victorian Volcanic Plain (VVP)

Ecological Descriptors

Arboreal, herbivore.

Extra Ecological Information

Male volant and mesopterous, female brachypterous.

History of changes

• Dryococelus Gurney, A.B. 1947. Notes on some remarkable Australasian walkingsticks, including a synopsis of the genus Extatosoma (Orthoptera: Phasmatidae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America 40(3): 373-396 [384].

  Type species:

   Karabidion australe Montrouzier, 1855 by original designation.

Distribution

IMCRA

Lord Howe Province (14)

Original AFD Distribution Data

Australian Region

• Australia
  • Lord Howe Island

History of changes

• Karabidion australis Montrouzier, P. 1855. Essai sur la faune de l'île de Woodlark ou Moiou. Annales de la Société d'Agriculture de Lyon 2 7: 1-114 [86].

  Type data:

   Status unknown, whereabouts unknown (Montrouzier's types were deposited at the Institution Saint Marie de Saint-Chamond, Loire which suffered considerable damage during military occupation in the two World Wars), ?Lord Howe Is.
• Eubulides spuria Kirby, W.F. 1904. Notes on Phasmidae in the collection of the British Museum (Natural History) South Kensington, with descriptions of New Species. Nos I & II. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 7 13: 372-377, 429-449 [441].

  Type data:

   Status unknown, whereabouts unknown (♂ in BMNH is probably not from Australia and not the type, but an immature specimen of Dryoceles australis (Montr.), see Vickery, V.R. 1983. Catalogue of Australian stick insects (Phasmida, Phasmatodea, Phasmatoptera, or Cheleutoptera). CSIRO Aust. Div. Entomol. Tech. Pap. No. 20. 15 pp. [6]), Australia.

Distribution

Extra Distribution Information

Considered possibly extinct, but population found on Balls Pyramid in 2001.

IMCRA

Lord Howe Province (14)

Ecological Descriptors

Herbivore.

Extra Ecological Information

Male and female apterous.

History of changes

• Eurycnema Audinet-Serville, J.G. 1839. Histoire Naturelle des Insectes. Orthoptères. Paris : Librairie Encyclopédique de Roret i-xviii, 1-776, Atlas pls 1-14. [dated 1838] [235].

  Type species:

   Eurycnema versirubra Audinet-Serville, 1838 by subsequent designation, see Kirby, W.F. 1904. A Synonymic Catalogue of Orthoptera. Orthoptera, Euplexoptera, Cursoria, et Gressoria (Forficulidae, Hemimeridae, Blattidae, Mantidae, Phasmidae). London : Longmans & Co. Vol. 1 x 501 pp. [391].

Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy

• Günther, K. 1934. Phasmoiden und Forficuliden von Java, den Kleinen Sundainseln and Nordaustralien. Revue Suisse de Zoologie 41(34): 525-543 [527]

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

Indonesia and New Guinea.

IBRA

NSW, NT, Qld, WA: Australian Alps (AA), Arnhem Coast (ARC), Arnhem Plateau (ARP), Avon Wheatbelt (AW), Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Broken Hill Complex (BHC), Central Arnhem (CA), Carnarvon (CAR), Channel Country (CHC), Central Kimberley (CK), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Coolgardie (COO), Cobar Peneplain (CP), Central Ranges (CR), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Daly Basin (DAB), Darwin Coastal (DAC), Desert Uplands (DEU), Dampierland (DL), Darling Riverine Plains (DRP), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), Esperance Plains (ESP), Gascoyne (GAS), Gibson Desert (GD), Gulf Fall and Uplands (GFU), Geraldton Sandplains (GS), Great Sandy Desert (GSD), Gulf Coastal (GUC), Gulf Plains (GUP), Great Victoria Desert (GVD), Hampton (HAM), Jarrah Forest (JF), Little Sandy Desert (LSD), Mallee (MAL), Murray Darling Depression (MDD), Mitchell Grass Downs (MGD), Mount Isa Inlier (MII), Mulga Lands (ML), Murchison (MUR), Nandewar (NAN), New England Tablelands (NET), Northern Kimberley (NK), NSW North Coast (NNC), NSW South Western Slopes (NSS), Nullarbor (NUL), Ord Victoria Plain (OVP), Pine Creek (PCK), Pilbara (PIL), Riverina (RIV), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Simpson Strzelecki Dunefields (SSD), Swan Coastal Plain (SWA), Tanami (TAN), Tiwi Cobourg (TIW), Victoria Bonaparte (VB), Warren (WAR), Wet Tropics (WT), Yalgoo (YAL)

Original AFD Distribution Data

Australian Region

• Australia
  • New South Wales: Bulloo River basin, Murray-Darling basin
  • Northern Territory: N Gulf, N coastal
  • Queensland: Bulloo River basin, Murray-Darling basin, N Gulf, NE coastal
  • Western Australia

Distribution References

History of changes

• Diura osiris Gray, G.R. 1834. Descriptions of several species of Australian Phasmata. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 1: 45-46 [46].

  Type data:

   Holotype OUM 624 juv., ♀, Melville Is., NT.
• Acrophylla salmacris Westwood, J.O. 1859. Catalogue of Orthopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum. Part I. Phasmidae. London : British Museum 184 pp. 48 pls. [116].

  Type data:

   Holotype BMNH ♂ adult, northern Australia.
• Eurycnema stenocerca Redtenbacher, J. in Brunner von Wattenwyl, K. & Redtenbacher, J. 1908. Die Insektenfamilie der Phasmiden. Lfg 3: (Schluss: Phasmidae anareolatae (Phibalosomini, Acrophylini, Necrosciini). Leipzig : Verlag Engelmann pp. 339-589 12 pls. [469].

  Type data:

   Syntype(s) NHMW ♀ adults (number unknown), Australia and Philippines.
• Eurycnema cercata Redtenbacher, J. in Brunner von Wattenwyl, K. & Redtenbacher, J. 1908. Die Insektenfamilie der Phasmiden. Lfg 3: (Schluss: Phasmidae anareolatae (Phibalosomini, Acrophylini, Necrosciini). Leipzig : Verlag Engelmann pp. 339-589 12 pls. [469] [Brock, P. 1999. Review, Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Bulletin of the Amateur Entomologist's Society 58: 177–178 (178) considers that this name is a synonym of E. osiris (Gray, 1834)].

  Type data:

   Syntype(s) UMBB ♀ adults (number unknown), Thursday Is., QLD.

Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy

• Brock, P. 1999. Review, Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Bulletin of the Amateur Entomologist's Society 58: 177-178 [178]

Distribution

States

Northern Territory, Queensland, Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

Melville Island.

IBRA

NT, Qld, WA: Arnhem Coast (ARC), Arnhem Plateau (ARP), Central Arnhem (CA), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Daly Basin (DAB), Darwin Coastal (DAC), Dampierland (DL), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), Gulf Fall and Uplands (GFU), Gulf Coastal (GUC), Gulf Plains (GUP), Ord Victoria Plain (OVP), Pine Creek (PCK), Tiwi Cobourg (TIW), Victoria Bonaparte (VB), Wet Tropics (WT)

General References

Hennemann, F.H., Conle, O.V. & Suzuki, S. 2015. A study of the members of the tribe Phasmatini Gray, 1835, that occur within the boundaries of Wallacea (Phasmatodea: Phasmatidae: Phasmatinae: “Lanceocercata”). Zootaxa 4008: 1-74 [26]

History of changes

• Onchestus Stål, C. 1877. Espèces nouvelles de Phasmides. Bulletin ou Comptes-rendus des Séances de la Société Entomologique de Belgique 20: lxii-lxviii [lxiii].

  Type species:

   Lopaphus gorgus Westwood, 1859 by subsequent designation, see Kirby, W.F. 1904. A Synonymic Catalogue of Orthoptera. Orthoptera, Euplexoptera, Cursoria, et Gressoria (Forficulidae, Hemimeridae, Blattidae, Mantidae, Phasmidae). London : Longmans & Co. Vol. 1 x 501 pp. [394].

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland

IBRA

NSW, Qld: South Eastern Queensland (SEQ) ; Qld: Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Wet Tropics (WT)

History of changes

• Lopaphus gorgus Westwood, J.O. 1859. Catalogue of Orthopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum. Part I. Phasmidae. London : British Museum 184 pp. 48 pls. [102].

  Type data:

   Syntype(s) BMNH 2♀ adults, Richmond River, NSW.

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Queensland

IBRA

NSW, Qld: South Eastern Queensland (SEQ)

Ecological Descriptors

Herbivore.

Extra Ecological Information

Male and female brachypterous.

History of changes

• Onchestus rentzi Brock, P.D. & Hasenpusch, J. 2006. Studies on the Australian stick-insect genus Onchestus (Phasmida: Phasmatidae). Journal of Orthoptera Research 14(1): 17-22.

  Type data:

   Holotype QM ♂, Polly Creek, Garradunga, Innisfail, Queensland.
  Paratype(s) QM ♂ & ♀ (same details as Holotype).

Distribution

States

Queensland

IBRA

Qld: Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Wet Tropics (WT)

History of changes

• Onchestus ripperae Brock, P.D. & Hasenpusch, J.W. 2022. A new species of Onchestus Stål (Phasmida: Phasmatidae) from Eungella, Queensland. Phasmid Studies 21: 75-89 [81].

  Type data:

   Holotype QM T246825 ♂, Broken River, Eungella NP, Queensland [21.16°S, 148.50°E].

Distribution

States

Queensland

IBRA

Qld: Central Mackay Coast (CMC)

History of changes

• Paractenomorpha Hennemann, F.H. & Conle O.V. 2004. Paractenomorpha baehri, gen. nov., spec. nov., a new phasmid from South Australia. Spixiana (Munich) 27(1): 15-18.

Distribution

States

South Australia, Western Australia

IBRA

SA, WA: Gawler (GAW), Great Victoria Desert (GVD)

History of changes

• Paractenomorpha baehri Hennemann, F.H. & Conle O.V. 2004. Paractenomorpha baehri, gen. nov., spec. nov., a new phasmid from South Australia. Spixiana (Munich) 27(1): 15-18.

Distribution

States

South Australia, Western Australia

IBRA

SA, WA: Gawler (GAW), Great Victoria Desert (GVD)

History of changes

• Paronchestus Redtenbacher, J. in Brunner von Wattenwyl, K. & Redtenbacher, J. 1908. Die Insektenfamilie der Phasmiden. Lfg 3: (Schluss: Phasmidae anareolatae (Phibalosomini, Acrophylini, Necrosciini). Leipzig : Verlag Engelmann pp. 339-589 12 pls. [463].

  Type species:

   Paronchestus charon Redtenbacher, 1908 by monotypy.

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, South Australia, Western Australia

IBRA

NSW, NT, Qld, SA, WA: Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Central Ranges (CR), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Desert Uplands (DEU), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), Gulf Plains (GUP), Great Victoria Desert (GVD), Nandewar (NAN), New England Tablelands (NET), NSW North Coast (NNC), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Wet Tropics (WT)

Original AFD Distribution Data

Australian Region

• Australia
  • Northern Territory
  • Queensland: NE coastal
  • South Australia: W plateau

History of changes

• Paronchestus charon Redtenbacher, J. in Brunner von Wattenwyl, K. & Redtenbacher, J. 1908. Die Insektenfamilie der Phasmiden. Lfg 3: (Schluss: Phasmidae anareolatae (Phibalosomini, Acrophylini, Necrosciini). Leipzig : Verlag Engelmann pp. 339-589 12 pls. [463].

  Type data:

   Status unknown, ZMH ♂ adult, Peak Downs, QLD.

Distribution

States

Queensland

IBRA

Qld: Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Central Mackay Coast (CMC)

Ecological Descriptors

Herbivore.

Extra Ecological Information

Male volant, female unknown.

History of changes

• Cyphocrania cornuta Tepper, J.G.O. 1905. Insects collected in the North-western Region of South Australia proper by H. Basedow; with descriptions of new species of Mantidae and Phasmidae, No. 2. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia 29: 237-245 [240].

  Type data:

   Holotype SAMA ♀ adult, NW SA.

Generic Combinations

• Paronchestus cornuta (Tepper, 1905) [transferred from Onchestus Stål]. —
  Brock, P.D. & Hasenpusch, J. 2007. Studies on the Australian stick insects (Phasmida), including a checklist of species and bibliography. Zootaxa 1570: 1-81 [73]

Distribution

States

Northern Territory, South Australia, Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

Known only from type locality.

IBRA

NT, SA, WA: Central Ranges (CR), Great Victoria Desert (GVD)

Ecological Descriptors

Arboreal, herbivore, volant.

Extra Ecological Information

Male and female mesopterous.

History of changes

• Cyphocrania pasimachus Westwood, J.O. 1859. Catalogue of Orthopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum. Part I. Phasmidae. London : British Museum 184 pp. 48 pls. [109].

  Type data:

   Holotype BMNH ♀ adult, Australia.

Generic Combinations

• Paronchestus pasimachus (Westwood, 1859) [transferred from Onchestus Stål].

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Queensland

IBRA

NSW, Qld: Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), Gulf Plains (GUP), Nandewar (NAN), New England Tablelands (NET), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ)

Ecological Descriptors

Herbivore.

Extra Ecological Information

Male and female brachypterous.

History of changes

• Platycraninae Brunner von Wattenwyl, C. 1893. Révision du système des Orthoptères et description des espèces rapportées par M. Leonardo Fea de Birmanie. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale, Genova 2a 13: 1-230 [published September].

  Type genus:

   Platycrana Gray, 1835.

History of changes

• Stephanacridini Günther, K. 1953. Über die taxonomische Gliederung und die geographische Verbreitung der Insektenordnung de Phasmatodea. Beiträge zur Entomologie (Berlin) 3(5): 541-563.

History of changes

• Hermarchus Stål, C. 1875. Recensio Orthopterorum. Stockholm : Norstedt & Soner Vol. 3 pp. 4-105. [45].

  Type species:

   Phibalosoma pythonius Westwood, 1859 by subsequent designation, see Kirby, W.F. 1904. A Synonymic Catalogue of Orthoptera. Orthoptera, Euplexoptera, Cursoria, et Gressoria (Forficulidae, Hemimeridae, Blattidae, Mantidae, Phasmidae). London : Longmans & Co. Vol. 1 x 501 pp. [360].

Distribution

States

Queensland

Extra Distribution Information

Exact locality in Australia unknown; also New Guinea and Fiji.

IBRA

Qld: Wet Tropics (WT)

Distribution References

History of changes

• Cladoxerus insignis Kaup, J.J. 1871. Neue Phasmidae. Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift 2 15: 25-42 [39].

  Type data:

   Status unknown, whereabouts unknown, Australia.
• Hermarchus polynesicus Redtenbacher, J. in Brunner von Wattenwyl, K. & Redtenbacher, J. 1908. Die Insektenfamilie der Phasmiden. Lfg 3: (Schluss: Phasmidae anareolatae (Phibalosomini, Acrophylini, Necrosciini). Leipzig : Verlag Engelmann pp. 339-589 12 pls. [447].

  Type data:

   Syntype(s) ZMB ♀ adults (number unknown), Australia.

Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy

• Brock, P.D. & Hasenpusch, J. 2007. Studies on the Australian stick insects (Phasmida), including a checklist of species and bibliography. Zootaxa 1570: 1-81 [73]