Family MORINGUIDAE

CAAB: 37057000

Spaghetti Eels, Worm Eels


Compiler and date details

22 February 2018 - Dianne J. Bray, John R. Paxton, Jennifer E. Gates & Douglass F. Hoese

15 January 2013 - Dianne J. Bray, John R. Paxton, Jennifer E. Gates & Douglass F. Hoese

Introduction

A total of 15 species in two genera are recognised in the Moringuidae (Castle 1984; Nelson et al. 2016; Fricke et al. 2018). Seven species in two genera have been recorded from Australia (Castle 1968, Paxton et al. 2006). Nelson et al. (2016) placed the family in a separate suborder Moringuoidei.

Spaghetti eels are commonly taken as juveniles in coral reef collections. Recorded food items include polychaetes, foraminiferans and fishes. Moringuids are thin, elongate eels with small eyes and no scales, and reach a maximum length of 1.2 m. Juveniles have reduced fins that develop develop towards maturity. Striking sexual dimorphism complicates the taxonomy.

The moringuids have not been revised comprehensively. Of the two recognised genera, Neoconger was revised by Smith & Castle (1972), and the three western Indian Ocean species of Moringua were revised by Castle (1968) who discussed taxonomic problems of the Indo-Pacific species. The Moringua remain in critical need of revision. Smith (1999) provided a key to genera and suggested that the number of species might be very small. Allen & Erdmann (2012) treated species recorded from the East Indies.

 

General References

Allen, G.R. & Erdmann, M.V. 2012. Reef fishes of the East Indies. Perth : Tropical Reef Research 3 vols, 1260 pp.

Castle, P.H.J. 1968. A contribution to a revision of the moringuid eels. Special Publication of the J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology Rhodes University 3: 1-29 figs 1-3

Castle, P.H.J. 1984. Notacanthiformes and Anguilliformes: development. pp. 62-93 figs 29-43 in Moser, H.G. et al. (eds). Ontogeny and Systematics of Fishes. American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists. Special Publication 1: 1-760

Fricke, R., Eschmeyer, W.N. & Fong, J.D. 4 September 2018. Species of Fishes by Family/Subfamily. Catalog of Fishes: Species by Family/Subfamily. Electronic version accessed 1 Oct 2018. http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/SpeciesByFamily.asp

Nelson, J.S., Grande, T.C. & Wilson, M.V.H. 2016. Fishes of the World. Hoboken, New Jersey : John Wiley & Sons 5, 752 pp.

Paxton, J.R., J.E. Gates, D.J. Bray & D.F. Hoese. 2006. Moringuidae. pp. 238-240 in Hoese, D.F., Bray, D.J., Paxton, J.R. & Allen, G.R. Fishes. In, Beesley, P.L. & Wells, A. (eds) Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Vol. 35. Volume 35 Australia : ABRS & CSIRO Publishing Parts 1-3, 2178 pp.

Smith, D.G. 1999. Families Halosauridae, Notacanthidae, Lipogenyidae, Anguillidae, Moringuidae, Chlopsidae, Myrocongridae. pp. 1625-1642 in Carpenter, K.E. & Niem, V.H. (eds). The Living Marine Resources of the Western Central Pacific. FAO Species Identification Guide for Fisheries Purposes. Rome : FAO Vol. 3 pp. 1397-2068.

Smith, D.G. & Castle, P.H.J. 1972. The eel genus Neoconger Girard; systematics, osteology and life history. Bulletin of Marine Science 22(1): 196-249 figs 1-27

 

Common Name References

Smith, D.G. 1999. Families Halosauridae, Notacanthidae, Lipogenyidae, Anguillidae, Moringuidae, Chlopsidae, Myrocongridae. pp. 1625-1642 in Carpenter, K.E. & Niem, V.H. (eds). The Living Marine Resources of the Western Central Pacific. FAO Species Identification Guide for Fisheries Purposes. Rome : FAO Vol. 3 pp. 1397-2068. [1637] (FAO) (Spaghetti Eels)

 

History of changes

Note that this list may be incomplete for dates prior to September 2013.
Published As part of group Action Date Action Type Compiler(s)
05-Mar-2019 ELOPOMORPHA 02-Oct-2018 MODIFIED Dr Doug Hoese (AM)
24-Sep-2011 ANGUILLIFORMES 24-Sep-2011 MOVED Dr Dianne Bray
12-Feb-2010 (import)

Genus Moringua Gray, 1831

 

Distribution

States

Queensland, Western Australia


Extra Distribution Information

West Atlantic and Indo-west-central Pacific.


IMCRA

Northeast Province (18), Timor Province (2), Cocos (Keeling) Island Province (22), Christmas Island Province (23), Northwest Shelf Transition (26), Northwest Shelf Province (27), Central Western Shelf Transition (28), Central Western Shelf Province (29), Northwest Transition (3), Southwest Shelf Transition (30), Northeast Shelf Province (40), Northeast Shelf Transition (41), Central Western Province (6), Southwest Transition (7)

Other Regions

Territory of Ashmore & Cartier Islands, Torres Strait Islands terrestrial, marine & freshwater

General References

Castle, P.H.J. 1968. A contribution to a revision of the moringuid eels. Special Publication of the J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology Rhodes University 3: 1-29 figs 1-3

 

History of changes

Note that this list may be incomplete for dates prior to September 2013.
Published As part of group Action Date Action Type Compiler(s)
05-Mar-2019 ELOPOMORPHA 21-Feb-2018 MODIFIED Dr Doug Hoese (AM)
24-Sep-2011 ANGUILLIFORMES 24-Sep-2011 MOVED Dr Dianne Bray
27-Jul-2010 MODIFIED

Species Moringua abbreviata (Bleeker, 1863)

CAAB: 37057005

Short Worm Eel

 

Generic Combinations

 

Distribution

States

Western Australia


Extra Distribution Information

Rowley Shoals, WA (17°18'S, 119°22'E); tropical, east-Indo-west Pacific.


IMCRA

Northwest Transition (3)

Distribution References

Ecological Descriptors

Benthic, burrower, continental shelf.

Extra Ecological Information

1-50m.

 

General References

Hutchins, J.B. 2001. Checklist of the fishes of Western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum, Supplement 63: 9-50 [16]

Paxton, J.R., J.E. Gates, D.J. Bray & D.F. Hoese. 2006. Moringuidae. pp. 238-240 in Hoese, D.F., Bray, D.J., Paxton, J.R. & Allen, G.R. Fishes. In, Beesley, P.L. & Wells, A. (eds) Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Vol. 35. Volume 35 Australia : ABRS & CSIRO Publishing Parts 1-3, 2178 pp. [239]

 

Common Name References

Seafood Services Australia 2008. Australian Fish Names Standard. http://www.fishnames.com.au/. (Short Worm Eel)

Yearsley, G.K., Last, P.R. & Hoese, D.F. 2006. Standard names of Australian fishes. CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research Paper 9: 1-64 [18] (Short Worm Eel)

 

History of changes

Note that this list may be incomplete for dates prior to September 2013.
Published As part of group Action Date Action Type Compiler(s)
05-Mar-2019 ELOPOMORPHA 30-Jun-2018 MODIFIED Dr Doug Hoese (AM)
24-Sep-2011 ANGUILLIFORMES 24-Sep-2011 MOVED Dr Dianne Bray
27-Jul-2010 MODIFIED

Species Moringua bicolor Kaup, 1856

CAAB: 37057006

Bicolor Spaghetti Eel, Bicolor Worm-eel

 

Distribution

States

Western Australia


Extra Distribution Information

Cartier Reef, Timor Sea (12º32'S, 123º32'E), and Christmas Island, Indian Ocean; Tropical, Indo-west Pacific


IMCRA

Timor Province (2), Christmas Island Province (23)

Distribution References

Ecological Descriptors

Coral reef.

 

General References

Allen, G.R., Steene, R.C. & Orchard, M. 2007. Fishes of Christmas Island. Christmas Island : Christmas Island Natural History Association 2 edn, 284 pp. [36]

Allen, G.R. & Erdmann, M.V. 2012. Reef fishes of the East Indies. Perth : Tropical Reef Research 3 vols, 1260 pp. [71]

Kaup, J.J. 1856. Catalogue of Apodal Fish in the Collection of the British Museum. London : British Museum 163 pp. 19 pls. [107]

 

Common Name References

Allen, G.R., Steene, R.C. & Orchard, M. 2007. Fishes of Christmas Island. Christmas Island : Christmas Island Natural History Association 2 edn, 284 pp. [36] (Bicolor Worm-eel)

Allen, G.R. & Erdmann, M.V. 2012. Reef fishes of the East Indies. Perth : Tropical Reef Research 3 vols, 1260 pp. [71] (Bicolor Spaghetti Eel)

 

History of changes

Note that this list may be incomplete for dates prior to September 2013.
Published As part of group Action Date Action Type Compiler(s)
ELOPOMORPHA 21-Feb-2018 ADDED Dr Doug Hoese (AM)

Species Moringua ferruginea Bliss, 1883

CAAB: 37057001

Rusty Worm Eel, Intermediate Thrush-eel, Slender Worm-eel

 

Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy

 

Generic Combinations

 

Introduction

The synonymy presented here is tentative. Kottelat (2013) regarded Aphthalmichthys intermedius Ogilby, 1907 as a junior synonym of Moringua guthriana (McClelland, 1844). The type was from northern Australia and it has been suggested Darwin, but no species of Moringua is currently known from the Northern Territory (see Larson et al. 2013). The type specimen has not been located.

 

Distribution

States

Queensland, Western Australia


Extra Distribution Information

Hibernia Reef, WA (11º58'S, 123º23'E) to One Tree Island (23º30´S), QLD, but apparently absent from the NT, also Cocos (Keeling) Islands and Christmas Island, records from the NT based on misidentified Allips concolor McCosker, 1972; tropical, Indo-west-central Pacific.


IMCRA

Northeast Province (18), Timor Province (2), Cocos (Keeling) Island Province (22), Northwest Shelf Transition (26), Northwest Shelf Province (27), Central Western Shelf Transition (28), Central Western Shelf Province (29), Southwest Shelf Transition (30), Northeast Shelf Province (40), Northeast Shelf Transition (41)

Other Regions

Territory of Ashmore & Cartier Islands

Distribution References

Ecological Descriptors

Benthic, burrower, continental shelf, coral reef.

Extra Ecological Information

11-40m.

 

General References

Allen, G.R. & Erdmann, M.V. 2012. Reef fishes of the East Indies. Perth : Tropical Reef Research 3 vols, 1260 pp. [71]

Allen, G.R. & Smith-Vaniz, W.F. 1994. Fishes of Cocos (Keeling) Islands. Atoll Research Bulletin 412: 1-21 [6]

Fricke, R., Kulbicki, M. & Wantiez, L. 2011. Checklist of the fishes of New Caledonia, and their distribution in the Southwest Pacific Ocean (Pisces). Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde. Serie A (Biologie) Neue Serie 4: 341-463 [348]

Kottelat, M. 2013. The fishes of the inland waters of southeast Asia: a catalogue and core bibliography of the fishes known to occur in freshwaters, mangroves and estuaries. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology Supplement 27: 1-663 [39-40]

McCulloch, A.R. 1929. A check-list of the fishes recorded from Australia. Part I. Memoirs of the Australian Museum 5: 1–144 [70] (as Rataboura intermedia)

Munro, I.S.R. 1961. Handbook of Australian fishes. Nos 1–42. Australian Fisheries Newsletter 15–17, 19, 20: 1-172 [published as separates 1956–1961] [48] (341, as Aphthalmichthys intermedius)

Paxton, J.R., J.E. Gates, D.J. Bray & D.F. Hoese. 2006. Moringuidae. pp. 238-240 in Hoese, D.F., Bray, D.J., Paxton, J.R. & Allen, G.R. Fishes. In, Beesley, P.L. & Wells, A. (eds) Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Vol. 35. Volume 35 Australia : ABRS & CSIRO Publishing Parts 1-3, 2178 pp. [239] (in part)

Randall, J.E., Allen, G.R. & Steene, R. 1990. Fishes of the Great Barrier Reef and Coral Sea. Bathurst : Crawford House Press 507 pp. figs. [33]

Randall, J.E., Allen, G.R. & Steene, R. 1997. Fishes of the Great Barrier Reef and Coral Sea. Bathurst : Crawford House Press 557 pp. figs. [33]

Whitley, G.P. 1964. A survey of Australian Ichthyology. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 89(1): 11-127 [36] (383, as Rataboura intermedia)

 

Common Name References

Munro, I.S.R. 1961. Handbook of Australian fishes. Nos 1–42. Australian Fisheries Newsletter 15–17, 19, 20: 1-172 [published as separates 1956–1961] [49] (Intermediate Thrush-eel)

Randall, J.E., Allen, G.R. & Steene, R. 1990. Fishes of the Great Barrier Reef and Coral Sea. Bathurst : Crawford House Press 507 pp. figs. [33] (Slender Worm-eel)

Seafood Services Australia 2008. Australian Fish Names Standard. http://www.fishnames.com.au/. (Rusty Worm Eel)

Yearsley, G.K., Last, P.R. & Hoese, D.F. 2006. Standard names of Australian fishes. CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research Paper 9: 1-64 [18] (Rusty Worm Eel)

 

History of changes

Note that this list may be incomplete for dates prior to September 2013.
Published As part of group Action Date Action Type Compiler(s)
05-Mar-2019 ELOPOMORPHA 01-Oct-2018 MODIFIED Dr Doug Hoese (AM)
24-Sep-2011 ANGUILLIFORMES 24-Sep-2011 MOVED Dr Dianne Bray
27-Jul-2010 MODIFIED

Species Moringua javanica (Kaup, 1856)

CAAB: 37057002

Javan Worm Eel, Java Thrush-eel

 

Generic Combinations

 

Distribution

States

Queensland, Western Australia


Extra Distribution Information

Ashmore & Cartier Islands, Timor Sea (12º14'S, 12305'E), Christmas Island and Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Indian Ocean, and Thursday Island, Torres Strait (10º35´S) to about Townsville, QLD (19ºS), also the Coral Sea islands; tropical, Indo-west Pacific.


IMCRA

Northeast Province (18), Timor Province (2), Cocos (Keeling) Island Province (22), Christmas Island Province (23), Northeast Shelf Transition (41)

Other Regions

Territory of Ashmore & Cartier Islands, Torres Strait Islands terrestrial, marine & freshwater

Distribution References

Ecological Descriptors

Benthic, burrower, continental shelf.

Extra Ecological Information

1-15m.

 

General References

Allen, G.R. & Erdmann, M.V. 2012. Reef fishes of the East Indies. Perth : Tropical Reef Research 3 vols, 1260 pp. [71]

Allen, G.R. & Smith-Vaniz, W.F. 1994. Fishes of Cocos (Keeling) Islands. Atoll Research Bulletin 412: 1-21 [6]

Fricke, R., Kulbicki, M. & Wantiez, L. 2011. Checklist of the fishes of New Caledonia, and their distribution in the Southwest Pacific Ocean (Pisces). Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde. Serie A (Biologie) Neue Serie 4: 341-463 [348]

Hutchins, J.B. 2001. Checklist of the fishes of Western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum, Supplement 63: 9-50 [16]

McCulloch, A.R. 1929. A check-list of the fishes recorded from Australia. Part I. Memoirs of the Australian Museum 5: 1–144 [70] (as Rataboura javanica)

Munro, I.S.R. 1961. Handbook of Australian fishes. Nos 1–42. Australian Fisheries Newsletter 15–17, 19, 20: 1-172 [published as separates 1956–1961] [48] (342, as Aphthalmichthys javanicus)

Paxton, J.R., Hoese, D.F., Allen, G.R. & Hanley, J.E. (eds) 1989. Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Pisces: Petromyzontidae to Carangidae. Canberra : Australian Government Publishing Service Vol. 7 665 pp. [111]

Paxton, J.R., J.E. Gates, D.J. Bray & D.F. Hoese. 2006. Moringuidae. pp. 238-240 in Hoese, D.F., Bray, D.J., Paxton, J.R. & Allen, G.R. Fishes. In, Beesley, P.L. & Wells, A. (eds) Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Vol. 35. Volume 35 Australia : ABRS & CSIRO Publishing Parts 1-3, 2178 pp. [239]

Whitley, G.P. 1964. A survey of Australian Ichthyology. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 89(1): 11-127 [36] (384)

 

Common Name References

Munro, I.S.R. 1961. Handbook of Australian fishes. Nos 1–42. Australian Fisheries Newsletter 15–17, 19, 20: 1-172 [published as separates 1956–1961] [48] (Java Thrush-eel)

Seafood Services Australia 2008. Australian Fish Names Standard. http://www.fishnames.com.au/. (Javan Worm Eel)

Yearsley, G.K., Last, P.R. & Hoese, D.F. 2006. Standard names of Australian fishes. CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research Paper 9: 1-64 [18] (Javan Worm Eel)

 

History of changes

Note that this list may be incomplete for dates prior to September 2013.
Published As part of group Action Date Action Type Compiler(s)
05-Mar-2019 ELOPOMORPHA 01-Sep-2018 MODIFIED Dr Doug Hoese (AM)
24-Sep-2011 ANGUILLIFORMES 24-Sep-2011 MOVED Dr Dianne Bray
27-Jul-2010 MODIFIED

Species Moringua macrochir Bleeker, 1855

CAAB: 37057007

Longfin Spaghetti Eel

 

Miscellaneous Literature Names

 

Distribution

Extra Distribution Information

West of Rottnest Island, WA (32°00'S, 115°05'E) and Christmas Island, Indian Ocean, based on specimens in WAM, records from northern QLD require confirmation; tropical, temperate, Indo-central Pacific


IMCRA

Christmas Island Province (23), Central Western Province (6), Southwest Transition (7)

Distribution References

General References

Allen, G.R. & Erdmann, M.V. 2012. Reef fishes of the East Indies. Perth : Tropical Reef Research 3 vols, 1260 pp. [71]

Castle, P.H.J. 1968. A contribution to a revision of the moringuid eels. Special Publication of the J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology Rhodes University 3: 1-29 figs 1-3

Kottelat, M. 2013. The fishes of the inland waters of southeast Asia: a catalogue and core bibliography of the fishes known to occur in freshwaters, mangroves and estuaries. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology Supplement 27: 1-663 [40]

 

Common Name References

Allen, G.R. & Erdmann, M.V. 2012. Reef fishes of the East Indies. Perth : Tropical Reef Research 3 vols, 1260 pp. [71] (Longfin Spaghetti Eel)

 

History of changes

Note that this list may be incomplete for dates prior to September 2013.
Published As part of group Action Date Action Type Compiler(s)
ELOPOMORPHA 01-Aug-2018 ADDED Dr Doug Hoese (AM)

Species Moringua microchir Bleeker, 1853

CAAB: 37057003

Common Worm Eel, Spaghetti Eel

 

Distribution

States

Queensland, Western Australia


Extra Distribution Information

Scott Reef, WA (14º01'S, 12150'E), Ashmore Reef, Timor Sea (1210'S, 12305'E), Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Indian Ocean, and Raine Island (11°36'S, 144°01'E) to One Tree Island (23º30'S, 152°05'E), QLD; tropical, Indo-west Pacific.


IMCRA

Timor Province (2), Cocos (Keeling) Island Province (22), Northeast Shelf Province (40), Northeast Shelf Transition (41)

Other Regions

Territory of Ashmore & Cartier Islands

Distribution References

Ecological Descriptors

Benthic, burrower, coral reef.

Extra Ecological Information

3-20m.

 

General References

Allen, G.R. & Erdmann, M.V. 2012. Reef fishes of the East Indies. Perth : Tropical Reef Research 3 vols, 1260 pp. [72]

Allen, G.R. & Smith-Vaniz, W.F. 1994. Fishes of Cocos (Keeling) Islands. Atoll Research Bulletin 412: 1-21 [6]

Castle, P.H.J. 1968. A contribution to a revision of the moringuid eels. Special Publication of the J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology Rhodes University 3: 1-29 figs 1-3 (regarded as a synonym of Moringua abbreviata)

Fricke, R., Kulbicki, M. & Wantiez, L. 2011. Checklist of the fishes of New Caledonia, and their distribution in the Southwest Pacific Ocean (Pisces). Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde. Serie A (Biologie) Neue Serie 4: 341-463 [348]

Hutchins, J.B. 2001. Checklist of the fishes of Western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum, Supplement 63: 9-50 [16]

Paxton, J.R., Hoese, D.F., Allen, G.R. & Hanley, J.E. (eds) 1989. Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Pisces: Petromyzontidae to Carangidae. Canberra : Australian Government Publishing Service Vol. 7 665 pp. [112]

Paxton, J.R., J.E. Gates, D.J. Bray & D.F. Hoese. 2006. Moringuidae. pp. 238-240 in Hoese, D.F., Bray, D.J., Paxton, J.R. & Allen, G.R. Fishes. In, Beesley, P.L. & Wells, A. (eds) Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Vol. 35. Volume 35 Australia : ABRS & CSIRO Publishing Parts 1-3, 2178 pp. [239]

Russell, B.C. 1983. Annotated checklist of the coral reef fishes in the Capricorn-Bunker group, Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority. Special Publication Series 1: 1-184 figs 1-2

 

Common Name References

Myers, R.F. 1999. Micronesian Reef Fishes. A comprehensive guide to the coral reef fishes of Micronesia. Guam : Coral Graphics vi 330 pp. 192 pls. [52] (Spaghetti Eel)

Seafood Services Australia 2008. Australian Fish Names Standard. http://www.fishnames.com.au/. (Common Worm Eel)

Yearsley, G.K., Last, P.R. & Hoese, D.F. 2006. Standard names of Australian fishes. CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research Paper 9: 1-64 [18] (Common Worm Eel)

 

History of changes

Note that this list may be incomplete for dates prior to September 2013.
Published As part of group Action Date Action Type Compiler(s)
05-Mar-2019 ELOPOMORPHA 07-Sep-2018 MODIFIED Dr Doug Hoese (AM)
24-Sep-2011 ANGUILLIFORMES 24-Sep-2011 MOVED Dr Dianne Bray
27-Jul-2010 MODIFIED

Genus Neoconger Girard, 1858

 

Distribution

States

New South Wales


Extra Distribution Information

Pacific, western Atlantic


IMCRA

Central Eastern Shelf Province (38)

Distribution References

General References

Smith, D.G., Marceniuk, A.P., Rotundo, M.M., Carvalho, C.O. & Caires, R.A. 2024. A review of the genus Neoconger (Anguilliformes: Moringuidae), with the description of a new species. Zootaxa 5492(1): 109-128

 

History of changes

Note that this list may be incomplete for dates prior to September 2013.
Published As part of group Action Date Action Type Compiler(s)
05-Mar-2019 ELOPOMORPHA 23-May-2018 MODIFIED Dr Doug Hoese (AM)
24-Sep-2011 ANGUILLIFORMES 24-Sep-2011 MOVED Dr Dianne Bray
27-Jul-2010 MODIFIED

Species Neoconger tuberculatus (Castle, 1965)

CAAB: 37057004

Swollengut Worm Eel

 

Generic Combinations

 

Distribution

States

New South Wales


Extra Distribution Information

Known from the two type specimens (leptocephalus larvae) washed up on a Sydney beach in 1907 (33º48'S, 151º18'E), verified adults of the genus have not yet been collected; temperate.

Known only from type locality.

Australian Endemic.


IMCRA

Central Eastern Shelf Province (38)

Ecological Descriptors

Pelagic.

Extra Ecological Information

As larvae.

 

General References

Paxton, J.R., Hoese, D.F., Allen, G.R. & Hanley, J.E. (eds) 1989. Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Pisces: Petromyzontidae to Carangidae. Canberra : Australian Government Publishing Service Vol. 7 665 pp. [112]

Paxton, J.R., J.E. Gates, D.J. Bray & D.F. Hoese. 2006. Moringuidae. pp. 238-240 in Hoese, D.F., Bray, D.J., Paxton, J.R. & Allen, G.R. Fishes. In, Beesley, P.L. & Wells, A. (eds) Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Vol. 35. Volume 35 Australia : ABRS & CSIRO Publishing Parts 1-3, 2178 pp. [240]

Smith, D.G. 1999. Families Halosauridae, Notacanthidae, Lipogenyidae, Anguillidae, Moringuidae, Chlopsidae, Myrocongridae. pp. 1625-1642 in Carpenter, K.E. & Niem, V.H. (eds). The Living Marine Resources of the Western Central Pacific. FAO Species Identification Guide for Fisheries Purposes. Rome : FAO Vol. 3 pp. 1397-2068. [1638]

 

Common Name References

Seafood Services Australia 2008. Australian Fish Names Standard. http://www.fishnames.com.au/. (Swollengut Worm Eel)

Yearsley, G.K., Last, P.R. & Hoese, D.F. 2006. Standard names of Australian fishes. CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research Paper 9: 1-64 [18] (Swollengut Worm Eel)

 

History of changes

Note that this list may be incomplete for dates prior to September 2013.
Published As part of group Action Date Action Type Compiler(s)
05-Mar-2019 ELOPOMORPHA 30-Jun-2018 MODIFIED Dr Doug Hoese (AM)
24-Sep-2011 ANGUILLIFORMES 24-Sep-2011 MOVED Dr Dianne Bray
27-Jul-2010 MODIFIED