Family LINOGNATHIDAE

Compiler and date details

S.C. Barker Department of Parasitology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia

Introduction

Species of the family Linognathidae Webb, 1946 are generally parasites of artiodactyls and Hyracoidea. In Australia six species from two genera parasitise sheep, goats, cattle and dogs.

Roberts' (1952) key to the species of lice of domestic animals in Australia is instructive for this group, although it relies considerably on the identity of the species of host for identification of the lice. Arundel & Sutherland (1988) gave an account of the biology, pathology and control of Linognathidae of sheep, cattle and goats.

General References

Arundel, J.H. & Sutherland, A.K. 1988. Ectoparasitic Diseases of Sheep, Cattle, Goats and Horses. Animal Health in Australia. Canberra : Australian Government Publishing Service Vol. 10 vii 178 pp.

Roberts, D.W. & Strand, M.A. 1977. Pathogens of medically important arthropods. Bulletin of the World Health Organisation 55(Suppl. 1): 1-419

History of changes

Note that this list may be incomplete for dates prior to September 2013.

Published	As part of group	Action Date	Action Type	Compiler(s)
19-Jul-2012		19-Jul-2012	MODIFIED
		12-Feb-2010	(import)

Genus Linognathus Enderlein, 1905

Linognathus Enderlein, G. 1905. Läuse-Studien. IV. Über einen auffäligen Sexualdimorphismus bei Polyplax spinulosa Burm. Zoologischer Anzeiger 29: 192-194 [194] [nom. nov. for Trichaulus Enderlein, 1904].
Trichaulus Enderlein, G. 1904. Läusestudien. I. Über die Morphologie, Klassifikation und systematische Stellung der Anopluren nebst Bemerkungen zur Systematik der Insektenordnungen. Zoologischer Anzeiger 28: 121-147 [136, 141] [junior homonym of Trichaulus Mayr, 1885 (Hymenoptera)].
Type species:
Linognatus setosus von Olfers, 1816 by original designation.

History of changes

Note that this list may be incomplete for dates prior to September 2013.

Published	As part of group	Action Date	Action Type	Compiler(s)
19-Jul-2012		19-Jul-2012	MODIFIED
		12-Feb-2010	(import)

Species Linognathus ovillus (Neumann, 1907)

Sheep Face Louse

Haematopinus ovillus Neumann, L.G. 1907. Nouveau pou du mouton (Haematopinus ovillus n.sp.). Revue Vétérinaire, Toulouse 32: 520-524 [520].
Type data:
Status unknown, 'New Zealand and Scotland'.
Type host:
Ovis aries Linnaeus, 1758

Distribution

Extra Distribution Information

Probably cosmopolitan.

Introduced.

Ecological Descriptors

Ectoparasitic (host(s): Ovis aries Linnaeus, 1758 [BOVIDAE] Sheep), sanguinivore.

General References

Durden, L.A. & Musser, G.G. 1994. The sucking lice (Insecta, Anoplura) of the world: a taxonomic checklist with records of mammalian hosts and geographical distributions. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 218: 1-90 (synonymy)

Murray M.D. 1963. The ecology of lice on sheep. IV. The establishment and maintenance of Linognathus ovillus (Neumann). Australian Journal of Zoology 11: 157-172 (ecology)

History of changes

Note that this list may be incomplete for dates prior to September 2013.

Published	As part of group	Action Date	Action Type	Compiler(s)
15-Sep-2023	Phthiraptera	15-Sep-2023	MODIFIED	Dr Alice Wells (ABRS)
28-Sep-2022	Phthiraptera	26-Jul-2023	MODIFIED
19-Jul-2012		15-Sep-2023	MODIFIED
		15-Sep-2023	MODIFIED

Species Linognathus pedalis (Osborn, 1896)

Sheep Foot Louse

Haematopinus pedalis Osborn, H. 1896. Insects affecting domestic animals: an account of the species of importance in North America, with mention of related forms occurring on other animals. Bulletin of the United States Department of Agriculture, Division of Entomology ns 5: 1-302 pls 1-2 [170].
Type data:
Neotype 'USA'.
Type host:
Ovis aries Linnaeus, 1758

Distribution

Extra Distribution Information

Probably cosmopolitan.

Introduced.

Ecological Descriptors

Ectoparasitic (host(s): Ovis aries Linnaeus, 1758 [BOVIDAE] Sheep), sanguinivore.

General References

Murray M.D. 1963. The ecology of lice on sheep. III. Differences between the biology of Linognathus pedalis (Osborne) and L. ovillus (Neumann). Australian Journal of Zoology 11: 153-156 (ecology)

History of changes

Note that this list may be incomplete for dates prior to September 2013.

Published	As part of group	Action Date	Action Type	Compiler(s)
15-Sep-2023	Phthiraptera	15-Sep-2023	MODIFIED	Dr Alice Wells (ABRS)
28-Sep-2022	Phthiraptera	26-Jul-2023	MODIFIED
19-Jul-2012		15-Sep-2023	MODIFIED
		15-Sep-2023	MODIFIED

Species Linognathus setosus (von Olfers, 1816)

Dog Sucking Louse

Pediculus setosus von von Olfers, I.F.J.M. 1816. De vegetativis et animatis corporibus in corporibus animatis reperiundis commentarius. pars 1. 112 pp. 1 pl. [80].
Type data:
Status unknown, whereabouts unknown (according to Durden, L.A. & Musser, G.G. 1994. The sucking lice (Insecta, Anoplura) of the world: a taxonomic checklist with records of mammalian hosts and geographical distributions. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 218: 1–90, a neotype was designated by Weisser, C.F. 1975. A monograph of the Linognathidae, Anoplura, Insecta (excluding the genus Prolinognathus). Unpubl. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany., however, apparently this has not been published), Beerfelden, Odenwald, Germany.
Type host:
Canis familiaris Linnaeus, 1758 [CANIDAE]

Distribution

Extra Distribution Information

Introduced.

Ecological Descriptors

Ectoparasitic (host(s): Canis familiaris Linnaeus, 1758 [CANIDAE] Domestic Dog), sanguinivore.

General References

Calaby, J.H. & Murray, M.D. 1991. Phthiraptera. pp. 421-428 in CSIRO (ed.). The Insects of Australia. A textbook for students and research workers. Melbourne : Melbourne University Press Vol. 1 xiii 542 pp. (Australian record)

History of changes

Note that this list may be incomplete for dates prior to September 2013.

Published	As part of group	Action Date	Action Type	Compiler(s)
15-Sep-2023	Phthiraptera	15-Sep-2023	MODIFIED	Dr Alice Wells (ABRS)
28-Sep-2022	Phthiraptera	26-Jul-2023	MODIFIED
19-Jul-2012		15-Sep-2023	MODIFIED
		15-Sep-2023	MODIFIED

Species Linognathus stenopsis (Burmeister, 1839)

Goat Sucking Louse

Pediculus stenopsis Burmeister, H.C.C. 1839. Genera Insectorum, Rhynchota. Berlin. [species 16, no page number].
Type data:
Neotype 088 ♀, Frankfurt/Main Zoological Garden, Germany.
Subsequent designation references:
Kim, K.C., Pratt, H.D. & Stojanovich, C.J. 1986. The Sucking Lice of North America. An illustrated manual for identification. University Park : Pennsylvania University Press ix 241 pp.
Type host:
Capra hircus Linnaeus, 1758 [BOVIDAE]

Distribution

Extra Distribution Information

Probably cosmopolitan.

Introduced.

Ecological Descriptors

Ectoparasitic (host(s): Capra hircus Linnaeus, 1758 [BOVIDAE] Goat), sanguinivore.

General References

Kim, K.C., Pratt, H.D. & Stojanovich, C.J. 1986. The Sucking Lice of North America. An illustrated manual for identification. University Park : Pennsylvania University Press ix 241 pp. (identification)

Murray, M.D. 1957. The distribution of the eggs of mammalian lice on their hosts. I. Description of the oviposition behaviour. Australian Journal of Zoology 5: 13-18 (ecology)

History of changes

Note that this list may be incomplete for dates prior to September 2013.

Published	As part of group	Action Date	Action Type	Compiler(s)
15-Sep-2023	Phthiraptera	15-Sep-2023	MODIFIED	Dr Alice Wells (ABRS)
28-Sep-2022	Phthiraptera	26-Jul-2023	MODIFIED
19-Jul-2012		15-Sep-2023	MODIFIED
		15-Sep-2023	MODIFIED

Species Linognathus vituli (Linnaeus, 1758)

Long Nosed Sucking Louse

Pediculus vituli Linnaeus, C. 1758. Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundem classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentis, synonymis, locis. Editio decima, reformata. Holmiae : Laurentii Salvii Vol. 1 10 Edn., 824 pp. [611].
Type data:
Status unknown, Sweden.
Type host:
Bos taurus Linnaeus, 1758

Distribution

Extra Distribution Information

Probably cosmopolitan.

Introduced.

Ecological Descriptors

Ectoparasitic (host(s): Bos taurus Linnaeus, 1758 [BOVIDAE] Domestic Cattle), sanguinivore.

General References

History of changes

Note that this list may be incomplete for dates prior to September 2013.

Published	As part of group	Action Date	Action Type	Compiler(s)
15-Sep-2023	Phthiraptera	15-Sep-2023	MODIFIED	Dr Alice Wells (ABRS)
28-Sep-2022	Phthiraptera	26-Jul-2023	MODIFIED
19-Jul-2012		15-Sep-2023	MODIFIED
		15-Sep-2023	MODIFIED

Genus Solenopotes Enderlein, 1904

Solenopotes Enderlein, G. 1904. Läusestudien. I. Über die Morphologie, Klassifikation und systematische Stellung der Anopluren nebst Bemerkungen zur Systematik der Insektenordnungen. Zoologischer Anzeiger 28: 121-147 [143].
Type species:
Solenopotes capillatus Enderlein, 1905 by original designation.

History of changes

Note that this list may be incomplete for dates prior to September 2013.

Published	As part of group	Action Date	Action Type	Compiler(s)
19-Jul-2012		19-Jul-2012	MODIFIED
		12-Feb-2010	(import)

Species Solenopotes capillatus Enderlein, 1904

Little Blue Cattle Louse

Solenopotes capillatus Enderlein, G. 1904. Läusestudien. I. Über die Morphologie, Klassifikation und systematische Stellung der Anopluren nebst Bemerkungen zur Systematik der Insektenordnungen. Zoologischer Anzeiger 28: 121-147 [144].
Type data:
Holotype (lost, see Kim, K.C. & Weisser, C.F. 1974. Taxonomy of Solenopotes Enderlein, 1904, with redescription of Linognathus panamensis Ewing (Linognathidae: Anoplura). Parasitol. 69: 107–135), Leipzig, Germany.
Type host:
Bos taurus Linnaeus, 1758 [BOVIDAE]

Distribution

Extra Distribution Information

Probably cosmopolitan.

Introduced.

Ecological Descriptors

Ectoparasitic (host(s): Bos taurus Linnaeus, 1758 [BOVIDAE] Domestic Cattle), sanguinivore.

General References

Kim, K.C. & Weisser, C.F. 1974. Taxonomy of Solenopotes Enderlein, 1904, with redescription of Linognathus panamensis Ewing (Linognathidae: Anoplura). Parasitology 69: 107-135 (taxonomy, synonymy)

History of changes

Note that this list may be incomplete for dates prior to September 2013.

Published	As part of group	Action Date	Action Type	Compiler(s)
15-Sep-2023	Phthiraptera	15-Sep-2023	MODIFIED	Dr Alice Wells (ABRS)
28-Sep-2022	Phthiraptera	26-Jul-2023	MODIFIED
19-Jul-2012		15-Sep-2023	MODIFIED
		15-Sep-2023	MODIFIED

Family LINOGNATHIDAE

Compiler and date details

Introduction

General References

History of changes

Genus Linognathus Enderlein, 1905

Type species:

History of changes

Species Linognathus ovillus (Neumann, 1907)

Sheep Face Louse

Type data:

Type host:

Distribution

Extra Distribution Information

Ecological Descriptors

General References

History of changes

Species Linognathus pedalis (Osborn, 1896)

Sheep Foot Louse

Type data:

Type host:

Distribution

Extra Distribution Information

Ecological Descriptors

General References

History of changes

Species Linognathus setosus (von Olfers, 1816)

Dog Sucking Louse

Type data:

Type host:

Distribution

Extra Distribution Information

Ecological Descriptors

General References

History of changes

Species Linognathus stenopsis (Burmeister, 1839)

Goat Sucking Louse

Type data:

Subsequent designation references:

Type host:

Distribution

Extra Distribution Information

Ecological Descriptors

General References

History of changes

Species Linognathus vituli (Linnaeus, 1758)

Long Nosed Sucking Louse

Type data:

Type host:

Distribution

Extra Distribution Information

Ecological Descriptors

General References

History of changes

Genus Solenopotes Enderlein, 1904

Type species:

History of changes

Species Solenopotes capillatus Enderlein, 1904

Little Blue Cattle Louse

Type data:

Type host:

Distribution

Extra Distribution Information

Ecological Descriptors

General References

History of changes