History of changes

Introduction

The family Olindiidae consists mainly of jellyfish that occur in large, still water bodies. There are 22 genera listed on the World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS), of which three occur in Australia.

ID Keys

Key to genera of the Olindiidae medusae, modified after Bouillon et al. (2006) Peter Schuchert

1A in freshwater, statocysts in elongated vesicles enclosed in velum; gonads on radial canals .....................
............................................................................................................................................. Craspedacusta
1B in brackish water or fully marine, statocysts spherical, enclosed in mesoglea of umbrellar margin ............
....................................................................................................................... ..................................................2
2A with centripetal canals.................................................................................................................................3
2B no centripetal canals ...................................................................................................................................5
3A tentacles of one kind .................................................................................................................................. 4
3B primary tentacles attached above umbrellar margin, with terminal adhesive pads, secondary tentacles
on umbrellar margin, without adhesive pads .................................................................................. Olindias
4A tentacles on exumbrella at different height above bell margin; no adhesive pads ..................... Eperetmus
4B all tentacles on umbrellar margin, no adhesive pads ....................................................................Maeotias
5A tentacles in groups on bell margin ................................................................................................... Gossea
5B tentacles not in groups............................................................................................................................... 6
6A 6 radial canals...........................................................................................................................................12
6B 4 radial canals.............................................................................................................................................7
7A gonads on manubrium ............................................................................................................... Limnocnida
7B gonads on radial canals ............................................................................................................................. 8
8A all tentacles without adhesive pads ...........................................................................................Aglauropsis
8B some or all tentacles with adhesive pads ...................................................................................................9
9A one type of tentacle, with terminal adhesive pad..................................................................................... 10
9B two kinds of tentacles, with and without adhesive pads ...........................................................................11
10A numerous statocysts ................................................................................................................ Gonionemus
10B not more than 16 statocysts.......................................................................................................Scolionema
11A adhesive pads terminal ................................................................................................................ Vallentinia
11B adhesive pads at some distance from outer end of tentacles ......................................................... Cubaia
12A gonads flat, on greater portion of radial canal; tentacles with nematocyst rings .......................... Nuarchus
12B gonads pocket like, on distal part of radial canals; tentacles with terminal nematocyst swelling Hexaphilia
Inadequately known or doubtful taxa: Keralica Khatri, 1984
Mansariella Malhotra, Duda & Jyoti, 1976

General References

Jankowski, T. 2001. The freshwater medusae of the world: A taxonomic and systematic literature study with some remarks on other inland water jellyfish. Hydrobiologia 462: 91-113

History of changes

• Aglauropsis Müller, F. 1865. Über die randbläschen der hydroidquallen. Archiv für Mikroskopische Anatomie 1: 143–147, pl. 7 [144].

Distribution

Other Regions

Australian Antarctic Territory

History of changes

• Aglauropsis conanti Browne, E.T. 1902. A preliminary report on Hydromedusae from the Falkland Islands. Annals and Magazine of Natural History (7)9: 272-284 [283].

Distribution

Other Regions

Australian Antarctic Territory

General References

O'Sullivan, D. 1982. A guide to the hydromedusae of the Southern Ocean and adjacent waters. Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions Research Notes 5: 1-136

History of changes

• Craspedacusta Lankester, E.R. 1880. On a new jellyfish of the order Trachomedusae, living in fresh water. Nature (London) 22: 147–148 [147].

  Type species:

   Craspedacusta sowerbii Lankester, 1880 by original designation.

Distribution

States

Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia

History of changes

• Craspedacusta sowerbyi Lankester, E.R. 1880. On a new jellyfish of the order Trachomedusae, living in fresh water. Nature (London) 22: 147–148 [147-148].

Distribution

States

Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

Freshwater

Introduced from probably China; type locality London gardens;.

Ubiquitous throughout Australia.

Distribution References

History of changes

• Gonionemus Agassiz, L. 1862. Contributions to the Natural History of the United States of America. Second monograph. In five parts — Pt. I Acalephs in general. Pt. II Ctenophore. Pt. III. Discophorae. Pt. IV. Hydroidae. Pt. V. Homologies of the Radiata. Boston, London : Little Brown, Trubner Vol. IV i-viii, 380 pp. + (1-10), pls 20-35. [350].

  Type species:

   Gonionemus vertens A. Agassiz, 1862 by monotypy.

Introduction

Members of this genus are unusual medusa that are strongly associated with seagrasses and macroalgae in intertidal and shallow subtidal habitats. They are typically clinging or crawling, instead of being planktonic
like most other medusa (Watson & Govindarajan 2017).

Distribution

States

South Australia, Victoria

General References

Watson, J.E. & Govindarajan, A.F. 2017. A new species of Gonionemus (Hydrozoa: Limnomedusae) from southern Australia. Zootaxa 4365(4): 487–494 [487]

History of changes

• Gonionemus agilis Watson, J.E. & Govindarajan, A.F. 2017. A new species of Gonionemus (Hydrozoa: Limnomedusae) from southern Australia. Zootaxa 4365(4): 487–494 [488-493, figs 1-2].

  Type data:

   Holotype NMV F222410 (one specimen, sex undetermined, from brown alga Cystophora monilifera in tide pool, collected by Audrey Falconer, 20 October 2013.), Shoreham, Wester Port, Victoria [38.427S/145.05 E].
  Paratype(s) NMV (one specimen, sex undetermined, on brown alga Cystophora monilifera in tide pool, collected by Audrey Falconer, 18 May 2014.), Shoreham, Western Port, Vic [38.427S/145.05 E].

Introduction

Gonionemus agilis is a new species of crawling medusa collected from the brown alga Cystophora monilifera in an intertidal rock pool in Western Port. G. agilis may possibly be conspecific with Gonionemus hamatus. as they are both from southern Australian localities separated by 1,200 km of coastline. The degraded condition of the type specimen and lack of detail in Kramp’s figures of G. hamatus preclude more detailed comparison. Thus for the present and until more material is found in the Adelaide region, G. agilis is considered a distinct species (Watson & Govindarajan 2017).

Distribution

States

Victoria

Extra Distribution Information

Australian Endemic.

General References

Watson, J.E. & Govindarajan, A.F. 2017. A new species of Gonionemus (Hydrozoa: Limnomedusae) from southern Australia. Zootaxa 4365(4): 487–494 [487, 493]

History of changes

• Gonionemus hamatus Kramp, P.L. 1965. Some medusae (mainly Scyphomedusae) from Australian coastal waters. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia 89: 257–278, pl. 1–3 [274-275, figs. 4-6].

Distribution

States

South Australia

Extra Distribution Information

Type locality is Henley Beach, South Australia

Known only from type locality.

Australian Endemic.

History of changes

• Gonionemus vertens Agassiz, L. 1862. Contributions to the Natural History of the United States of America. Second monograph. In five parts — Pt. I Acalephs in general. Pt. II Ctenophore. Pt. III. Discophorae. Pt. IV. Hydroidae. Pt. V. Homologies of the Radiata. Boston, London : Little Brown, Trubner Vol. IV i-viii, 380 pp. + (1-10), pls 20-35. [350].

Distribution

States

Victoria

Distribution References

History of changes

• Hexaphilia Gershwin, L. & Zeidler, W. 2003. Encounter 2002 expedition to the Isles of St Francis, South Australia: Medusae, siphonophores and ctenophores of the Nuyts Archipelago. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia 127(2): 205-241, 14 pls [233].

  Type species:

   Hexaphilia scoresbyi Gershwin & Zeidler, 2003 by original designation.

Distribution

States

South Australia, Tasmania

History of changes

• Hexaphilia scoresbyi Gershwin, L. & Zeidler, W. 2003. Encounter 2002 expedition to the Isles of St Francis, South Australia: Medusae, siphonophores and ctenophores of the Nuyts Archipelago. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia 127(2): 205-241, 14 pls [233-236, fig. 13].

Distribution

States

South Australia, Tasmania

Extra Distribution Information

Australian Endemic.

History of changes

• Olindias Müller, F. 1861. Polypen und quallen von Santa Catharina. Olindias sambaquiensis n. sp. Archiv für Naturgeschichte Jahrg. 27 1: 312–319, pl. 9 [312].

  Type species:

   Olindias sambaquiensis F. Müller, 1861 by monotypy.

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia

History of changes

• Oceania phosphorica Delle Chiaje, S. 1841. Descrizione e Notomia degli Animali Invertebrati della Sicilia Citeriore, osservati vivi negli anni 1822-1830. Napoli. [92-93, pl. 147].

Generic Combinations

• Olindias phosphorica (Delle Chiaje, 1841).

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia

Distribution References

History of changes

• Olindias singularis Browne, E.T. 1904. Hydromedusae, with a revision of the Williadae and Petasidae. (pp. 722–749, pls. LIV–LVII) in Gardiner, J.S. (ed.). The Fauna and Geography of the Maldive and Laccadive Archipelagoes, being the account of the work carried on and of the collections made by an expedition during the years 1899 and 1900. Cambridge : Cambridge University Press Vol. II(Part III) pp. 699–720, pls. XLIX-LXVI. [737-738, pl. 56, fig. 2, pl. 57, fig. 1].

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia

Distribution References

History of changes