• Calyx Vosmaer, G.C.J. 1885. Porifera. In Bronn, H.G. Die Klassen und Ordnungen des Thierreichs 2: 177-368 pls 19-25 [337].

  Type species:

   Calyx lieberkuehni Vosmaer, 1885 by monotypy (unnecessary replacement name for Lieberkuehnia calyx (Nardo) Balsamo-Crivelli, 1863, nom. nud. =Reniera? calyx Schmidt, 1862 = Calyx nicaeensis (Risso, 1826)).
• Vagocia Laubenfels, M.W. de 1936. A discussion of the sponge fauna of the Dry Tortugas in particular, and the West Indies in general, with material for a revision of the families and orders of the Porifera. (Tortugas Lab. Paper No. 467). Publication of the Carnegie Institution of Washington Washington 30: 1-225 22 pls 1 map [133].

  Type species:

   Gellius arcuarius Topsent, 1913 (=Calyx arcuarius (Topsent, 1913)) by original designation.

Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy

• Wiedenmayer, F. 1977. Shallow-water Sponges of the Western Bahamas. Basel : Birkhäuser (Experientia Suppl. 28) 287 pp. 43 pls. [118]

Distribution

Extra Distribution Information

Antarctic, Subantarctic, also Mediterranean Sea and New Zealand.

Other Regions

Australian Antarctic Territory, Heard & McDonald Islands (Aust. Terr.)

Distribution References

Diagnosis

Massive, caliculate (Fig. 2A), short pedunculate, lamellar (Fig. 3A, C, Calyx arcuarius as Vagocia) or coalescent tubular growth forms, with tubular processes or fistulae may be present. Surface consists of a multilayered, compact ectosomal network, under the surface-membrane (Figs 2B, 3B), with a close-knit unispicular network containing spongin at nodes and scattered free spicules with numerous sphaerulous cells. These cells, brown pigmented or uncoloured, give to the sponge its dark or clear brown colour. Small oscules present in the internal part of the calyx (Fig. 2C), or absent. Choanosomal skeleton composed of long, disorientated, entangled spicular tracts, longitudinal in the interior of the body (Fig. 2D), and tangential to the surface in the periphery (Fig. 2B). Between the fibres there is a connecting unispicular reticulation (Figs 2D, 3D). Spongin in variable amount. Megascleres are oxeas, of two size categories, bent at the center, with conical points. Microscleres toxas (Fig. 3D, in Calyx arcuarius).

ID Keys

See Family Phloeodictyidae Diagnosis.

Diagnosis References

Desqueyroux-Faundez, R. & Valentine, C. 2002. Family Phloeodictyidae Carter, 1882. pp. 893-905 in Hooper, J.N.A. & van Soest, R.W.M. (eds). Systema Porifera: A guide to the classification of sponges. New York : Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers Vol. 1. [895]

History of changes

• Gellius arcuarius Topsent, E. 1913. Spongiaires de l'Expédition Antarctique Nationale écossaise. Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 49(3): 579-643 pls 1-6 [638].

  Type data:

   Holotype RSM fragment (egaz), Scotia Bay, South Orkney Ils, Subantarctic [59°35'16"N 133°49'22"W].
  Paratype(s) MNHN Paris fragments; RSM 1921.143.1421 wet.
• Calyx stipitatus Topsent, E. 1916. Diagnoses d'Eponges recueillies dans l'Antarctique par le Pourquoi pas? Bulletin du Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle. Paris [published 1895-1906] 22: 163-172 [171].

  Type data:

   Holotype (?MNHN Paris* - egaz), 200 m, Marguerite Bay, Antarctic Peninsula [68°42'07"S 69°49'37"W].

Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy

• Koltun, V.M. 1964. Sponges of the Antarctic. Part 1. Tetraxonida and Cornacuspongida. 6-116, 428-433 (systematic index), pls 1-15 in Pavlovskii, E.P., Andriyashev, A.P. & Ushakov, P.V. (eds). Academy of Sciences of the U.S.S.R., Zoological Institute: Explorations of the fauna of the seas II (X). Biological Reports of the Soviet Antarctic Expedition (1955–1958). Moscow : Izdatel'stvo ‘Nauka' Vol. 2. [in Russian] [105]

Distribution

Extra Distribution Information

Aust. Antarctic Terr.; Davis Sea, Queen Mary Coast, Knox Coast, Banzare Coast, Prydz Bay, Mawson Coast, George V Coast, Enderby Land, off Amery Ice Shelf, also Weddell Sea and Subantarctic.

Other Regions

Australian Antarctic Territory

Ecological Descriptors

Filter-feeder, marine, sessile.

Extra Ecological Information

Depth 16–900 m.

History of changes

• Gelliodes kerguelensis Hentschel, E. 1914. Monaxone Kieselschwämme und Hornschwämme der Deutschen Südpolar-Expedition 1901–1903. In Drygalski, E. von (ed.) Deutsche Südpolar-Expedition 1901–1903. 15(Zool. 7):. 35-141 pls 4-8 [127].

  Type data:

   Syntype(s) ZMB 4780 5 wet specimens, 2 dry, 2 slides, Observatory Bay Harbour, Kerguelen, Subantarctic [no coords available].

Distribution

Extra Distribution Information

Aust. Antarctic Terr., Heard Is.; also Weddell Sea and Subantarctic.

Other Regions

Australian Antarctic Territory, Heard & McDonald Islands (Aust. Terr.)

Ecological Descriptors

Filter-feeder, marine, sessile.

Extra Ecological Information

Depth subtidal–310 m.

History of changes