Introduction

The Chironomidae are a speciose family with over 5000 described species worldwide. The vernacular name for the family of `non-biting midges' derives from the weak development of the adult mandibles, in contrast to the sister group, the biting midges (Ceratopogonidae) in which the female mouthparts are often designed for taking a blood meal. For certain larvae, the name of `bloodworms' derives from the presence of the red blood pigment haemoglobin— but not all chironomid larvae are red.

Adult Chironomidae are most distinctive when the males form aerial swarms close to the natal site. In the male, the plumose antenna with elongate apical flagellomere is characteristic, and in both sexes the single branch of the wing vein M is diagnostic. Although adult chironomids are short-lived, their abundance in mass swarms close to eutrophic water bodies may cause nuisance, even inhalant allergies.

Chironomid larvae are apneustic, with one exception, the amphipneustic genus Archaeochlus whose larvae develop in pools on isolated granite outcrops in Western Australia and a few central Australian sites. The prolegs are nearly always present, and paired, on the prothorax and final abdominal segment. The head capsule is always prognathous (directed forwards) thus differentiating from Thaumaleidae. For 95% of aquatic species, separation from the Ceratopogonidae, can be made on the prolegs, which are paired and separate. A few Orthocladiinae confuse the situation, and it may be necessary to examine the pharyngeal apparatus which is strong, with divergent arms in ceratopogonid larvae, but weak in Chironomidae.

The ecology of the Chironomidae is very diverse and can scarcely be summarised except for the species-poor subfamilies. Thus larval Aphroteniinae are restricted to sandy substrates with overlying fine organic material. The Podonominae tend to cool stenothermy, are usually lotic, and are often limited to winter periods. The Tanypodinae are predominantly predators in late instars, though often feeding on diatoms, etc., in early instars. The Telmatogetoninae are exclusively marine and inter-tidal, as are a few Chironominae. The Chironominae are all aquatic as immatures, and have an extraordinary range of biologies, though there is a preponderance of eurythermic taxa compared to the other subfamilies. The Orthocladiinae tend more to cool stenothermy, but are very diverse and include riparian, terrestrial and phytotelm species.

Larval chironomid species track ecological conditions closely, and their distributions have long been used to assess water quality. This topic is well reviewed by Johnson (1995), in a volume that provides substantial reference to Australian studies of the ecology and systematics of the family (Cranston 1995). More general information on the family, its systematics, ecology and impacts upon humans are covered in Armitage et al. (1994). Cranton & Dimitriadis (2004) reported on larval chrionomids from the lakes of the Atherton Tableland and gave keys to subfamilies and genera.

The following genera have been recorded from Australia without inclusion of any named species (Cranston & Martin 1989; Cranston 1996).

s.f. Tanypodinae:
Tanypus Meigen, 1803.
Nilotanypus Kieffer, 1923
Monopelopia Fittkau, 1962
Telmatopelopia Fittkau, 1962

s.f. Orthocladiinae:
Bryophaenocladius Thienemann, 1934
Nanocladius Kieffer, 1913
Parakiefferiella Thienemann, 1936
Rheocricotopus Thienemann & Harnisch, 1932
Synorthocladius Thienemann, 1935

s.f. Chironominae
Gillotia Kieffer, 1921
Lauterborniella Thienemann & Bause, 1913
Nilothauma Kieffer, 1921
Paralauterborniella Lenz, 1941
Paratendipes Kieffer, 1911
Robackia Sæther, 1977
Stempellinella Brundin, 1947
Stenochironomus (Petalopholeus) Borkent, 1984

Database Notes

Publication date of , 21 June 1999.
Copy of Platypus file for Chironomidae emailed to CSIRO Entomology, 28 June 1999.

Updated 2012. King & Lambkin, QM.
Since 2007, another five species of Chironomidae have been described from Australia by teams including Cranston, Saether, and Ferrington.

General References

Armitage, P., Cranston, P.S. & Pinder, L.C.V. 1994. Chironomidae: Biology and Ecology of Non-biting Midges. London, Glasgow, New York, Tokyo : Chapman & Hall xii 572 pp.

Brundin, L. 1966. Transantarctic relationships and their significance, as evidenced by chironomid midges, with a monograph of the subfamilies Podonominae and Aphroteniinae and the austral Heptagyiae. Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Academiens Nya Handlingar, Stockholm 4 11(1): 1-416

Bugledich, E.-M.A., Cranston, P.S. & Martin, J. 1999. Diptera: Nematocera: Chironomidae. pp. 112-158 in Wells, A. & Houston, W.W.K. (eds). Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Vol. 30.1. Melbourne : CSIRO Publishing, Australia xiii 627 pp.

Cranston, P.S. 1995. Chironomids — from Genes to Ecosystems. Melbourne : CSIRO iii 482 pp.

Cranston, P.S. 1996. Identification Guide to the Chironomidae of New South Wales. AWT Identification Guide Number 1. West Ryde, NSW : Australian Water Technologies Pty Ltd.

Cranston, P.S. 2009. A new genus of trans-Tasman midge: Anzacladius gen. n. (Diptera: Chironomidae: Orthocladiinae). Australian Journal of Entomology 48: 130-139

Cranston, P.S., Edward, D.H.D. & Cook, L.G. 2002. New status, distribution records and phylogeny for Australian mandibulate Chironomidae (Diptera). Australian Journal of Entomology 41: 357-366

Cranston, P.S. & Dimitriadis, S. 2004. The Chironomidae (Diptera) larvae of Atherton Tableland Lakes, north Queensland. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 49(2): 70-94

Cranston, P.S. & Saether, O.A. 2010. Australasian Stictocladius Edwards (Diptera: Chironomidae) diagnosed and described. Australian Journal of Entomology 49(2): 126-144

Ferrington Jr, L.C. & Saether, O.A. 2006. Rhagosmittia and Trondia, two new genera of Orthocladiinae from Oceania and Australia (Diptera: Chironomidae). Aquatic Insects 28(4): 243-250

Ferrington Jr, L.C. & Saether, O.A. 2011. A revision of the genera Pseudosmittia Edwards, 1932, Allocladius Kieffer, 1913, and Hydrosmittia gen. n. (Diptera: Chironomidae, Orthocladiinae). Zootaxa 2849: 1-314 [Date published April 2011]

Hashimoto, H. 1973. Marine chironomids from Australia, with description of a new species of the genus Clunio (Diptera: Chironomidae). Bulletin of the Faculty of Education, Shizuoka University (Natural Sciences) 24: 1-17

Hergstrom, I. 1974. The taxonomy and general biology of some Southern Australian Chironomidae (Diptera: Nematocera). Unpublished Ph.D. thesis, University of Adelaide, Australia.

Johnson, R. 1995. The indicator concept in freshwater biomonitoring. pp. 11-27 in Cranston, P.S. (ed.). Chironomids — from Genes to Ecosystems. Melbourne : CSIRO iii 482 pp.

Roback, S.S. 1982. The immature stages of some Australian Tanypodinae (Diptera), with some notes on the adults. Journal of the Australian Entomological Society 21: 147-160

History of changes

General References

Cranston, P.S. & Dimitriadis, S. 2004. The Chironomidae (Diptera) larvae of Atherton Tableland Lakes, north Queensland. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 49(2): 70-94 [84] (larvae reared from Atherton Tableland lakes)

Ferrington Jr, L.C. & Saether, O.A. 2011. A revision of the genera Pseudosmittia Edwards, 1932, Allocladius Kieffer, 1913, and Hydrosmittia gen. n. (Diptera: Chironomidae, Orthocladiinae). Zootaxa 2849: 1-314 [Date published April 2011]

History of changes

• Allocladius Kieffer, J.J. 1913. Chironomidae et Cecidomyidae. in, Résultats scientifiques. Voyage de Ch. Alluaud et R. Jeannel en Afrique orientale (1911–1912) Insectes diptères. Vol. 1, 43 pp.

  Type species:

   Allocladius niger Kieffer, 1913 (According to Ferrington & Saether, 2011: 45) by indication.

  Secondary source:

   Ferrington Jr, L.C. & Saether, O.A. 2011. A revision of the genera Pseudosmittia Edwards, 1932, Allocladius Kieffer, 1913, and Hydrosmittia gen. n. (Diptera: Chironomidae, Orthocladiinae). Zootaxa 2849: 1-314 [Date published April 2011] [45].

Distribution

States

New South Wales, South Australia

IBRA

NSW, SA: Naracoorte Coastal Plain (NCP), Sydney Basin (SB)

History of changes

• Smittia wirthi Freeman, P. 1961. The Chironomidae (Diptera) of Australia. Australian Journal of Zoology 9: 611-737 [666].

  Type data:

   Holotype USNM Type No. 67958, USNM ♂ adult (According to Ferrington & Saether, 2011: 54 "AUSTRALIA: New South Wales, Cereal Bay, salt marsh, 20.ix.1956, W.W. Wirth". Should be Careel Bay), Careel Bay, NSW.

Generic Combinations

• Allocladius wirthi (Freeman, 1961) [Ferrington & Saether, 2011: 54 "Diagnostic characters: The lack of a superior volsella combined with a large, rounded anal point and a well developed accessory lobe of the inferior volsella distinguish the male imago from other members of the genus." And Ferrington & Saether, 2011: 57 in Remarks. This species is only tentatively placed in Allocladius. A. wirthi, A. caspersi, A. fortispinatus and perhaps A. bothnicus are the only Allocladius without a supraalar. The anal point of A. wirthi is strikingly different from other members of the genus]. —
  Ferrington Jr, L.C. & Saether, O.A. 2011. A revision of the genera Pseudosmittia Edwards, 1932, Allocladius Kieffer, 1913, and Hydrosmittia gen. n. (Diptera: Chironomidae, Orthocladiinae). Zootaxa 2849: 1-314 [Date published April 2011] [53]

Distribution

States

New South Wales, South Australia

Extra Distribution Information

Australian Endemic.

IBRA

NSW, SA: Naracoorte Coastal Plain (NCP), Sydney Basin (SB)

Distribution References

Ecological Descriptors

Adult: volant.

Extra Ecological Information

Collected in a salt marsh.

History of changes

• Allometriocnemus Freeman, P. 1961. The Chironomidae (Diptera) of Australia. Australian Journal of Zoology 9: 611-737 [657].

  Type species:

   Allometriocnemus coloensis Freeman, 1961 by original designation.

Distribution

States

New South Wales

IBRA

NSW: NSW North Coast (NNC), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ)

History of changes

• Allometriocnemus coloensis Freeman, P. 1961. The Chironomidae (Diptera) of Australia. Australian Journal of Zoology 9: 611-737 [659].

  Type data:

   Holotype USNM ♂ adult, Colo Vale, NSW.
  Paratype(s) USNM 2♂ adults; BMNH ♂ adult.

Distribution

States

New South Wales

Extra Distribution Information

Known only from type locality.

Australian Endemic.

IBRA

NSW: Sydney Basin (SB)

Ecological Descriptors

Adult: volant.

History of changes

• Allometriocnemus pictus Freeman, P. 1961. The Chironomidae (Diptera) of Australia. Australian Journal of Zoology 9: 611-737 [659].

  Type data:

   Holotype USNM ♀ adult, Colo Vale, NSW.
  Paratype(s) USNM 4♀ adults; BMNH 2♀ adults.

Distribution

States

New South Wales

Extra Distribution Information

Known only from type locality.

Australian Endemic.

IBRA

NSW: Sydney Basin (SB)

Ecological Descriptors

Adult: volant.

History of changes

• Allotrissocladius Freeman, P. 1964. Notes on Chironomidae (Diptera: Nematocera). Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society of London B 33: 147-150 [148].

  Type species:

   Allotrissocladius amphibius Freeman, 1964 by original designation.

Distribution

States

Western Australia

IBRA

WA: Avon Wheatbelt (AW), Esperance Plains (ESP), Geraldton Sandplains (GS), Jarrah Forest (JF), Mallee (MAL), Swan Coastal Plain (SWA), Warren (WAR), Yalgoo (YAL)

History of changes

• Allotrissocladius amphibius Freeman, P. 1964. Notes on Chironomidae (Diptera: Nematocera). Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society of London B 33: 147-150 [148].

  Type data:

   Holotype BMNH ♂ adult, 40 miles down Albany Highway, WA.
  Paratype(s) BMNH ♂ 2♀ adults.

Distribution

States

Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

Australian Endemic.

IBRA

WA: Avon Wheatbelt (AW), Esperance Plains (ESP), Geraldton Sandplains (GS), Jarrah Forest (JF), Mallee (MAL), Swan Coastal Plain (SWA), Warren (WAR), Yalgoo (YAL)

Ecological Descriptors

Adult: volant.

History of changes

• Anzacladius Cranston, P.S. 2009. A new genus of trans-Tasman midge: Anzacladius gen. n. (Diptera: Chironomidae: Orthocladiinae). Australian Journal of Entomology 48: 130-139 [131].

  Type species:

   Anzacladius numbat Cranston, 2009 by original designation.

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Victoria, Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

Also South Island, New Zealand

IBRA

NSW, Qld, SA, Vic, WA: Jarrah Forest (JF), Kanmantoo (KAN), Murray Darling Depression (MDD), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Warren (WAR)

History of changes

• Anzacladius kangaroo Cranston, P.S. 2009. A new genus of trans-Tasman midge: Anzacladius gen. n. (Diptera: Chironomidae: Orthocladiinae). Australian Journal of Entomology 48: 130-139 [136].

  Type data:

   Holotype ANIC pupal exuviae (30.ix.1994, P.S. Cranston), SA: Kangaroo Island, upper Rocky R. [35°54′S 136°47′E].
  Paratype(s) ANIC numerous pupal exuviae, pupa, QLD, NSW & SA.

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia

Extra Distribution Information

Australian Endemic.

IBRA

NSW, Qld, SA: Kanmantoo (KAN), Murray Darling Depression (MDD), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ)

History of changes

• Anzacladius numbat Cranston, P.S. 2009. A new genus of trans-Tasman midge: Anzacladius gen. n. (Diptera: Chironomidae: Orthocladiinae). Australian Journal of Entomology 48: 130-139 [136].

  Type data:

   Holotype ANIC reared adult male with associated larval and pupal exuviae (5.xii.1994, P.S. Cranston), WA: Chesapeake Rd., lower Shannon R. [34°51′S 116°22′E].
  Paratype(s) ANIC various stages (some specimens in WAM), various localities in WA, QLD & NSW.

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Queensland, Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

Australian Endemic.

IBRA

NSW, Qld, WA: Jarrah Forest (JF), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Warren (WAR)

History of changes

• Austrobrillia Freeman, P. 1961. The Chironomidae (Diptera) of Australia. Australian Journal of Zoology 9: 611-737 [640] [Freeman, P. 1961. The Chironomidae (Diptera) of Australia. Australian Journal of Zoology 9: 611–737 (640) designated Austrobrillia nudipennis as `type and only known species'. A. nudipennis is a nom. nud. and error for longipes, the only included species].

  Type species:

   Austrobrillia nudipennis Freeman, 1961 by monotypy (nom. nud. = Austrobrillia longipes Freeman, 1961).

  Secondary source:

   Freeman, P. 1961. The Chironomidae (Diptera) of Australia. Australian Journal of Zoology 9: 611-737.

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Tasmania, Victoria

IBRA

NSW, Tas, Vic: Australian Alps (AA), Ben Lomond (BEL), Flinders (FLI), King (KIN), Murray Darling Depression (MDD), Naracoorte Coastal Plain (NCP), NSW North Coast (NNC), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Coastal Plain (SCP), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Tasmanian Central Highlands (TCH), Tasmanian Northern Midlands (TNM), Tasmanian Northern Slopes (TNS), Tasmanian South East (TSE), Tasmanian Southern Ranges (TSR), Tasmanian West (TWE), Victorian Midlands (VM), Victorian Volcanic Plain (VVP)

History of changes

• Austrobrillia longipes Freeman, P. 1961. The Chironomidae (Diptera) of Australia. Australian Journal of Zoology 9: 611-737 [640].

  Type data:

   Holotype ANIC ♂ adult, Harz Mountains, TAS.
  Paratype(s) ANIC 2♂ adults; NMV 2♂ adults; BMNH 2♂ adults.
• Austrobrillia nudipennis Freeman, P. 1961. The Chironomidae (Diptera) of Australia. Australian Journal of Zoology 9: 611-737 [640] [nom. nud. and error for Austrobrillia longipes Freeman, 1961].

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Tasmania, Victoria

Extra Distribution Information

Australian Endemic.

IBRA

NSW, Tas, Vic: Australian Alps (AA), Ben Lomond (BEL), Flinders (FLI), King (KIN), Murray Darling Depression (MDD), Naracoorte Coastal Plain (NCP), NSW North Coast (NNC), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Coastal Plain (SCP), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Tasmanian Central Highlands (TCH), Tasmanian Northern Midlands (TNM), Tasmanian Northern Slopes (TNS), Tasmanian South East (TSE), Tasmanian Southern Ranges (TSR), Tasmanian West (TWE), Victorian Midlands (VM), Victorian Volcanic Plain (VVP)

Ecological Descriptors

Adult: volant.

History of changes

• Austrocladius Freeman, P. 1961. The Chironomidae (Diptera) of Australia. Australian Journal of Zoology 9: 611-737 [647].

  Type species:

   Camptocladius terjugus Skuse, 1889 by original designation.

Distribution

States

Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, Tasmania, Victoria

Extra Distribution Information

New Zealand and Neotropical Region.

IBRA

ACT, NSW, Tas, Vic: Australian Alps (AA), Ben Lomond (BEL), Flinders (FLI), King (KIN), Murray Darling Depression (MDD), Naracoorte Coastal Plain (NCP), NSW North Coast (NNC), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Coastal Plain (SCP), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Tasmanian Central Highlands (TCH), Tasmanian Northern Midlands (TNM), Tasmanian Northern Slopes (TNS), Tasmanian South East (TSE), Tasmanian Southern Ranges (TSR), Tasmanian West (TWE), Victorian Midlands (VM), Victorian Volcanic Plain (VVP)

Distribution References

History of changes

• Orthocladius numerosus Skuse, F.A.A. 1889. Diptera of Australia. Part VI.—The Chironomidae. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 2 4: 215-311 [256].

  Type data:

   Lectotype ANIC(MMUS) ♂ adult, Lawson, NSW.
  Paralectotype(s) ANIC(MMUS) 2♂ adults.

  Subsequent designation references:

  Freeman, P. 1961. The Chironomidae (Diptera) of Australia. Australian Journal of Zoology 9: 611-737 [648].

Generic Combinations

• Austrocladius numerosus (Skuse, 1889). —
  Freeman, P. 1961. The Chironomidae (Diptera) of Australia. Australian Journal of Zoology 9: 611-737 [648]

Distribution

States

Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, Tasmania, Victoria

Extra Distribution Information

Australian Endemic.

IBRA

ACT, NSW, Tas, Vic: Australian Alps (AA), Ben Lomond (BEL), Flinders (FLI), King (KIN), Murray Darling Depression (MDD), Naracoorte Coastal Plain (NCP), NSW North Coast (NNC), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Coastal Plain (SCP), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Tasmanian Central Highlands (TCH), Tasmanian Northern Midlands (TNM), Tasmanian Northern Slopes (TNS), Tasmanian South East (TSE), Tasmanian Southern Ranges (TSR), Tasmanian West (TWE), Victorian Midlands (VM), Victorian Volcanic Plain (VVP)

Ecological Descriptors

Adult: volant.

History of changes

• Camptocladius terjugus Skuse, F.A.A. 1889. Diptera of Australia. Part VI.—The Chironomidae. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 2 4: 215-311 [262].

  Type data:

   Lectotype ANIC(MMUS) ♀ adult, near Sydney, NSW.
  Paralectotype(s) ANIC(MMUS) ♀ adults (number of syntypes not stated in original description).

  Subsequent designation references:

  Freeman, P. 1961. The Chironomidae (Diptera) of Australia. Australian Journal of Zoology 9: 611-737 [648].

Generic Combinations

• Austrocladius terjugus (Skuse, 1889). —
  Freeman, P. 1961. The Chironomidae (Diptera) of Australia. Australian Journal of Zoology 9: 611-737 [648]

Distribution

States

Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, Victoria

Extra Distribution Information

Australian Endemic.

IBRA

ACT, NSW, Vic: Australian Alps (AA), Flinders (FLI), Murray Darling Depression (MDD), Naracoorte Coastal Plain (NCP), NSW North Coast (NNC), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Coastal Plain (SCP), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Victorian Midlands (VM), Victorian Volcanic Plain (VVP)

Ecological Descriptors

Adult: volant.

History of changes

• Austrocladius trichiatus Freeman, P. 1961. The Chironomidae (Diptera) of Australia. Australian Journal of Zoology 9: 611-737 [649].

  Type data:

   Holotype NMV ♂ adult, Walhalla, VIC.
  Paratype(s) BMNH ♂ adult.

Distribution

States

New South Wales

Extra Distribution Information

Australian Endemic.

IBRA

NSW: NSW North Coast (NNC), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ)

Ecological Descriptors

Adult: volant.

History of changes

• Botryocladius Cranston P.S. & Edward D.H.D. 1999. Botryocladius gen.n.: a new transantarctic genus of orthocladiine midge (Diptera: Chironomidae). Systematic Entomology. Systematic Entomology 24: 305-333 [307].

  Type species:

   Botryocladius grapeth Cranston & Edward, 1999 by original designation.

Distribution

States

Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, Northern Territory, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia

IBRA

ACT, NSW, NT, SA, Tas, Vic, WA: Australian Alps (AA), Avon Wheatbelt (AW), Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Ben Lomond (BEL), Broken Hill Complex (BHC), Burt Plain (BRT), Cobar Peneplain (CP), Central Ranges (CR), Davenport Murchison Ranges (DMR), Darling Riverine Plains (DRP), Esperance Plains (ESP), Eyre Yorke Block (EYB), Flinders Lofty Block (FLB), Flinders (FLI), Gawler (GAW), Geraldton Sandplains (GS), Great Sandy Desert (GSD), Jarrah Forest (JF), Kanmantoo (KAN), King (KIN), Mallee (MAL), Murray Darling Depression (MDD), Mitchell Grass Downs (MGD), Mulga Lands (ML), Nandewar (NAN), Naracoorte Coastal Plain (NCP), New England Tablelands (NET), NSW North Coast (NNC), NSW South Western Slopes (NSS), Riverina (RIV), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Coastal Plain (SCP), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Sturt Plateau (STU), Swan Coastal Plain (SWA), Tanami (TAN), Tasmanian Central Highlands (TCH), Tasmanian Northern Midlands (TNM), Tasmanian Northern Slopes (TNS), Tasmanian South East (TSE), Tasmanian Southern Ranges (TSR), Tasmanian West (TWE), Victorian Midlands (VM), Victorian Volcanic Plain (VVP), Warren (WAR), Yalgoo (YAL)

History of changes

• Botryocladius australoalpinus Cranston P.S. & Edward D.H.D. 1999. Botryocladius gen.n.: a new transantarctic genus of orthocladiine midge (Diptera: Chironomidae). Systematic Entomology. Systematic Entomology 24: 305-333 [324].

  Type data:

   Holotype ANIC pupal exuviae, Tas, King Solomons Jewels pond #2 [41°47'S 146°16'E].
  Paratype(s) ANIC 5 pupal exuviae, Tas, King Solomons Jewels pond #2 [41°47'S 146°16'E].

Distribution

States

Tasmania

Extra Distribution Information

TAS: 1Pe, 41°47'S 146°16'E, King Solomons Jewels pond #2, 17.iii.1997, 1185 m asl, 41°38'S 145°57'E, Cradle Mt N.P., L. Dove, 21.iii.1997; 42°06'S 146°07'E, Forgotten Lake, 25.iii.1997, 980 m asl.; 42°06'S 146°08'E, Shadow L., 19.iii.1997, 950 m asl; 42°42'S 146°35'E, Mt Field N.P., Platypus Tarn, 11.iii.1997; 42°43'S 146°35'E, Mt Field N.P., Dobson Tarn, 12.iii.1997.

IBRA

Tas: Ben Lomond (BEL), Flinders (FLI), King (KIN), Tasmanian Central Highlands (TCH), Tasmanian Northern Midlands (TNM), Tasmanian Northern Slopes (TNS), Tasmanian South East (TSE), Tasmanian Southern Ranges (TSR), Tasmanian West (TWE)

Ecological Descriptors

Freshwater.

History of changes

• Botryocladius bibulmun Cranston P.S. & Edward D.H.D. 1999. Botryocladius gen.n.: a new transantarctic genus of orthocladiine midge (Diptera: Chironomidae). Systematic Entomology. Systematic Entomology 24: 305-333 [325].

  Type data:

   Holotype ANIC ♂, associated larval and pupal exuviae, WA, Foster Brook, south-west Western Australia [32°30'S 116°02'E].
  Paratype(s) ANIC 5 pupal exuviae, (Le/Pe/m, Le/Pe/f, 2Pe, Le/Pe/m, Le/Pf, Pe; 4Pe, 1Pm; 3Pe, Pe/m, 2Pe), WA, Foster Brook, south-west Western Australia [32°30'S 116°02'E]; WAM Le/Pe/m; Le/Pe/f; 4L, Le/P, , Pe/m, 10L, 2L/P, 3P, Pe/f, 2L(P), WA, Foster Brook, south-west Western Australia [32°30'S 116°02'E].

Distribution

States

Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

WA: 32°30'S 116°02'E, Foster Brook. 2.ix.1982 (Edward); 34°52'S 117°16'E, Denmark R., 3.xii.1994; 34°51.57”S 116°25.17”E, Shannon N.P., Forth R., 30.x.1997; 34°50'S 116°33'E, Deep R., 5.xii.1994 (ANIC), 34°40'S 116°23'E, Shannon N.P., Fish Ck, 24.xi.1994 (ANIC); 34°39'S 116°22'E, mid-Shannon R., 23-24.xi.1994 (ANIC); 34°30'S 115°58'E, nr Pemberton, Warren R., .ii.1994 (ANIC); 32°25'S 115°47'E, Carey Bridge, Carey Ck., 23.xi.1994 (ANIC); 34°24.47"S 115°52.29"E, Beedelup Brook, Steep Rd., 15.x.1994; 34°13'S 115°46'E, Barlee Ck, Dickson Rd crossing, 25.xi.1994 (ANIC); 32°42'S 115°40'E, Ludlow R., Claymore Rd, 6.viii.1994; Le/Pe/f, 32°15'S 116°04'E, Seldom Seen Brook, 6.x.1983; 32°14'S 116°04'E, Waterfall Gully, 15.vi.1983 (Bunn); 32°08'S 116°06'E, Canning R., 26.xi.1978, 32°03'S 116°03'E, Lower Canning R., 20.ix.1985.

IBRA

WA: Avon Wheatbelt (AW), Esperance Plains (ESP), Geraldton Sandplains (GS), Jarrah Forest (JF), Mallee (MAL), Swan Coastal Plain (SWA), Warren (WAR), Yalgoo (YAL)

Ecological Descriptors

Freshwater.

History of changes

• Botryocladius brindabella Cranston P.S. & Edward D.H.D. 1999. Botryocladius gen.n.: a new transantarctic genus of orthocladiine midge (Diptera: Chironomidae). Systematic Entomology. Systematic Entomology 24: 305-333 [323].

  Type data:

   Holotype ANIC ♂ with pupal and larval exuviae, ACT, Moonlight Hollow, Brindabella Ranges [35°25'S 148°30'E].
  Paratype(s) ANIC 1 larva, I pupal exuviae, 1 pharate ♂ pupa, ACT, Moonlight Hollow, Brindabella Ranges [35°25'S 148°30'E].

Distribution

States

Australian Capital Territory

Extra Distribution Information

ACT: 3525'S 14830'E, Brindabella Ranges, Moonlight Hollow; 3522'S 14851'E, Brindabella Ranges, Lees Ck; 3531'S 14856'E, Corin, Gibraltar Falls.

IBRA

ACT: Australian Alps (AA), South Eastern Highlands (SEH)

History of changes

• Botryocladius collessi Cranston P.S. & Edward D.H.D. 1999. Botryocladius gen.n.: a new transantarctic genus of orthocladiine midge (Diptera: Chironomidae). Systematic Entomology. Systematic Entomology 24: 305-333 [324].

  Type data:

   Holotype ANIC pharate ♂, NSW, Rutherford Ck, Brown Mtn [36°36'S 149°47'E].
  Paratype(s) ANIC 5 pupal exuviae, NSW, Rutherford Ck, Brown Mtn [36°36'S 149°47'E].

Distribution

States

New South Wales

IBRA

NSW: NSW North Coast (NNC), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ)

History of changes

• Botryocladius freemani Cranston P.S. & Edward D.H.D. 1999. Botryocladius gen.n.: a new transantarctic genus of orthocladiine midge (Diptera: Chironomidae). Systematic Entomology. Systematic Entomology 24: 305-333 [326].

  Type data:

   Holotype ANIC pharate ♀ with larval exuviae, WA, Carbunup R., south-west Western Australia [33°41'07S 115°11.17'E].
  Paratype(s) ANIC 4 larvae, pharate ♀ with larval exuviae, WA, Carbunup R., south-west Western Australia [33°41'07S 115°11.17'E]; WAM 7L, pharate pupa with larval exuviae, pharate female with larval exuviae, WA, Carbunup R., south-west Western Australia [33°41'07S 115°11.17'E].

Distribution

States

Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

WA: Carbunup R., 34°54'20"S 117°58'02"E, Albany, Bakers Junction Reserve, unnamed stream; 32°32'S 116°02'E, Linwood Bk., 32°31'S 116°03'E, Cronin Bk.5.vii.1980; 32°30'S 116°04'E, Dillon Brook, 26.vi.1990; 32°08.25"S 116°10'38"E, Death Adder Ck.

IBRA

WA: Avon Wheatbelt (AW), Esperance Plains (ESP), Geraldton Sandplains (GS), Jarrah Forest (JF), Mallee (MAL), Swan Coastal Plain (SWA), Warren (WAR), Yalgoo (YAL)

Ecological Descriptors

Freshwater.

History of changes

• Botryocladius grapeth Cranston P.S. & Edward D.H.D. 1999. Botryocladius gen.n.: a new transantarctic genus of orthocladiine midge (Diptera: Chironomidae). Systematic Entomology. Systematic Entomology 24: 305-333 [321].

  Type data:

   Holotype ANIC ♂, with pupal and larval exuviae, NSW, Barrengarry R., Belmore Falls [34°38'S 150°33'E].
  Paratype(s) ZMB 1 ♀reared pupal and larval exuviae; ; 1 pharate male pupa; 2 pupal exuviae, NSW, Barrengarry R., Belmore Falls [34°38'S 150°33'E]; BMNH 2 pupal exuviae, NSW, Barrengarry R., Belmore Falls [34°38'S 150°33'E]; NMV 2 pupal exuviae, NSW, Barrengarry R., Belmore Falls [34°38'S 150°33'E]; ANIC numerous complete or partial rearings from larvae, pupal exuviae, NSW, Barrengarry R., Belmore Falls [34°38'S 150°33'E].

Distribution

States

Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

NSW: 3438'S 15033'E, Belmore Falls, Barrengarry R.; 3447'S 15030'E, Bungonia, Bungonia Falls, 11.xi.1988; 3505'S 15008'E, 6 km NE Nerriga, Endrick R.; 3522'S 14842'E, Brindabella, Bramina Ck, 29.viii.1988; 3516'S 15003'E, Morton N.P., Wog Wog Ck, 25.iv.1994; 3521'S 14944'E, Warri Bridge, Shoalhaven R., 15.iii.1992; 3624'S 14840'E, Jindabyne, Rushs Ck; 3534'S 15002'E, Currowan S.F., Cabbage Tree Ck; 3523'S 14955'E, Monga S.F., Mongarlowe R.; 3535'S 14928'E, Molonglo R., above Captains Flat; Captains Flat, Molonglo R., 3636'S 14925'E, Brown Mtn, Rutherford Ck; 3538'S 14834'E, Kosciuszko N.P., Murrumbidgee R.; 3539'S 14828'E, Kosciuszko N.P., Yarrangobilly, Yarrangobilly R. ACT: 3527'S 14857'E, Tidbinbilla, Tidbinbilla Ck; 3531'S 14856'E, Corin, Gibraltar Falls. Vic: 3632'S 14725'E, Mitta R., 3648'S 14651'E, Buckland R., 6.v.1991 (Cook, Cranston & Nielsen), 3654'S 14727'E, U. Tambo R., "CC11", 23.iii.1990 (Hortle); 3654'S 14727'E, Omeo Hwy, Big R., 26.i.1989; 3700'S 14752'E, Tambo R., up Wilda Weir, 30.iii.1993 (Hortle); 3728'S 14545'E, Steavenson R., 20.iii.1992 (Downes) (NMV). TAS: 4104'S 14715'E, The Bottleneck, Ansons R. 22.v.1993; 4110'S 14854'E, nr Weldborough, Weld R., L. Sorrell, 18.iii.1997, 810 m.a.s.l. (Wright). SA: 3557'S 13642'E, Kangaroo Is., Rocky R. (mid); 3557'S 13640'E, Kangaroo Is., Rocky R. (mouth). WA: 3422'S 118o14'E, Stirling Range, Bluff Knoll.

IBRA

ACT, NSW, SA, Tas, Vic, WA: Australian Alps (AA), Avon Wheatbelt (AW), Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Ben Lomond (BEL), Broken Hill Complex (BHC), Cobar Peneplain (CP), Darling Riverine Plains (DRP), Esperance Plains (ESP), Eyre Yorke Block (EYB), Flinders Lofty Block (FLB), Flinders (FLI), Gawler (GAW), Geraldton Sandplains (GS), Jarrah Forest (JF), Kanmantoo (KAN), King (KIN), Mallee (MAL), Murray Darling Depression (MDD), Mulga Lands (ML), Nandewar (NAN), Naracoorte Coastal Plain (NCP), New England Tablelands (NET), NSW North Coast (NNC), NSW South Western Slopes (NSS), Riverina (RIV), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Coastal Plain (SCP), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Swan Coastal Plain (SWA), Tasmanian Central Highlands (TCH), Tasmanian Northern Midlands (TNM), Tasmanian Northern Slopes (TNS), Tasmanian South East (TSE), Tasmanian Southern Ranges (TSR), Tasmanian West (TWE), Victorian Midlands (VM), Victorian Volcanic Plain (VVP), Warren (WAR), Yalgoo (YAL)

History of changes

• Botryocladius mdfrc Cranston P.S. & Edward D.H.D. 1999. Botryocladius gen.n.: a new transantarctic genus of orthocladiine midge (Diptera: Chironomidae). Systematic Entomology. Systematic Entomology 24: 305-333 [323].

  Type data:

   Holotype ANIC pupal exuviae, Vic, Buckland R.
  Paratype(s) ANIC 3 pupal exuviae, Vic, Buckland R.; MDFRC 1 pupal exuviae, Vic, Buckland R.

Distribution

States

Victoria

Extra Distribution Information

NSW: 3607''S 14654'E, Aldbury, Murray R.; VIC: Pigs Point, Mitta Mitta R.; 3648'S 14651'E, Buckland R.

IBRA

Vic: Murray Darling Depression (MDD), Riverina (RIV), Victorian Midlands (VM)

Ecological Descriptors

Freshwater.

History of changes

• Botryocladius petrophilus Cranston P.S. & Edward D.H.D. 1999. Botryocladius gen.n.: a new transantarctic genus of orthocladiine midge (Diptera: Chironomidae). Systematic Entomology. Systematic Entomology 24: 305-333 [325].

  Type data:

   Holotype ANIC pharate male pupa, NT, Valley of Winds, Kata Tjuta [Olgas] [25°20'S 130°43'E].
  Paratype(s) ANIC 3 larvae, 15 pupal exuviae, 1 pharate ♂ pupa and associated larva, NT, Valley of Winds, Kata Tjuta [Olgas] [25°20'S 130°43'E]; ANIC 1 pharate ♀ pupa, 1 ♂, 1 ♀, NT, Valley of Winds, Kata Tjuta [Olgas] [25°20'S 130°43'E]; WAM many larval exuviae associated with rearings to pupa and/or adults of both sexes, NT, Valley of Winds, Kata Tjuta [Olgas] [25°20'S 130°43'E].

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Northern Territory, Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

NT: 2520'S 13043'E, Kata Tjuta [Olgas], Valley of Winds. NSW: 3405'S 14612'E, Cocoparra N.P., Woolshed Ck. WA: 3241'S 11921'E, Hyden, Lily McCarthy Rock; 3219'S 119o09'E, King Rocks; 3150'S 11737'E, Mount Stirling; 3145'S 11627'E, Bakers Hill, 3126'S 11731'E, Yorkrakine Rock, 3025'S 11658'E, Petrudor Rocks.

IBRA

NSW, NT, WA: Australian Alps (AA), Avon Wheatbelt (AW), Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Broken Hill Complex (BHC), Burt Plain (BRT), Cobar Peneplain (CP), Central Ranges (CR), Davenport Murchison Ranges (DMR), Darling Riverine Plains (DRP), Esperance Plains (ESP), Geraldton Sandplains (GS), Great Sandy Desert (GSD), Jarrah Forest (JF), Mallee (MAL), Murray Darling Depression (MDD), Mitchell Grass Downs (MGD), Mulga Lands (ML), Nandewar (NAN), New England Tablelands (NET), NSW South Western Slopes (NSS), Riverina (RIV), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), Sturt Plateau (STU), Swan Coastal Plain (SWA), Tanami (TAN), Warren (WAR), Yalgoo (YAL)

History of changes

• Botryocladius tasmania Cranston P.S. & Edward D.H.D. 1999. Botryocladius gen.n.: a new transantarctic genus of orthocladiine midge (Diptera: Chironomidae). Systematic Entomology. Systematic Entomology 24: 305-333 [324].

  Type data:

   Holotype ANIC pupal exuviae, TAS, Weld R., nr Weldborough [41°10'S 147°54’E].
  Paratype(s) ANIC 8 pupal exuviae, TAS, Weld R., nr Weldborough [41°10'S 147°54’E].

Distribution

States

Tasmania

Extra Distribution Information

NE TAS: 4110'S 14754'E, nr Weldborough, Weld R., 12-17.xi.1993 (Trueman & Lee).

IBRA

Tas: Ben Lomond (BEL), Flinders (FLI), King (KIN), Tasmanian Central Highlands (TCH), Tasmanian Northern Midlands (TNM), Tasmanian Northern Slopes (TNS), Tasmanian South East (TSE), Tasmanian Southern Ranges (TSR), Tasmanian West (TWE)

History of changes

• Camptocladius Wulp, F.M. van der 1874. Dipterologische aanteekeningen. Tijdschrift voor Entomologie 17: 109-148 [133].

  Type species:

   Tipula byssina Schrank, 1803 by subsequent designation, see Coquillett, D.W. 1910. The type-species of the North American genera of Diptera. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 37(=No. 1719): 499-647 [518] (= Tipula stercoraria De Geer, 1776).

Distribution

States

New South Wales

Extra Distribution Information

New Zealand and Holarctic Region.

IBRA

NSW: NSW North Coast (NNC), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ)

Distribution References

History of changes

• Tipula stercoraria De Geer, C. 1776. Memoires pour servir a l'histoire des insectes. Tome sixième. Stockholm : P. Hesselberg viii + 523 pp. [338].

  Type data:

   Holotype whereabouts unknown ?lost, Sweden.

Generic Combinations

• Camptocladius stercorarius (De Geer, 1776). —
  Brundin, L. 1956. Zur Systematik der Orthocladiinae (Dipt. Chironomidae). Report of the Freshwater Research Institute of Drottningholm 37: 1-185 [161]

Distribution

States

New South Wales

IBRA

NSW: NSW North Coast (NNC), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ)

Ecological Descriptors

Adult: volant.

History of changes

• Cardiocladius Kieffer, J.J. 1912. Nouveaux chironomides (Tendipedidae) de Ceylan. Spolia Zeylanica 8: 1-24 [22].

  Type species:

   Cardiocladius ceylanicus Kieffer, 1912 by monotypy.

Distribution

States

Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, Tasmania

Extra Distribution Information

Afrotropical, Oriental and Nearctic Regions.

IBRA

ACT, NSW, Tas: Australian Alps (AA), Ben Lomond (BEL), Flinders (FLI), King (KIN), NSW North Coast (NNC), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Tasmanian Central Highlands (TCH), Tasmanian Northern Midlands (TNM), Tasmanian Northern Slopes (TNS), Tasmanian South East (TSE), Tasmanian Southern Ranges (TSR), Tasmanian West (TWE)

Distribution References

General References

Freeman, P. 1961. The Chironomidae (Diptera) of Australia. Australian Journal of Zoology 9: 611-737 [638] (taxonomy)

History of changes

• Cardiocladius australiensis Freeman, P. 1961. The Chironomidae (Diptera) of Australia. Australian Journal of Zoology 9: 611-737 [639].

  Type data:

   Holotype ANIC ♂ adult, Launceston, TAS.
  Paratype(s) ANIC 2♂ 6♀ adults; BMNH 2♂ 2♀ adults.

Distribution

States

Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, Tasmania

Extra Distribution Information

Australian Endemic.

IBRA

ACT, NSW, Tas: Australian Alps (AA), Ben Lomond (BEL), Flinders (FLI), King (KIN), NSW North Coast (NNC), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Tasmanian Central Highlands (TCH), Tasmanian Northern Midlands (TNM), Tasmanian Northern Slopes (TNS), Tasmanian South East (TSE), Tasmanian Southern Ranges (TSR), Tasmanian West (TWE)

Ecological Descriptors

Adult: volant.

Larva: predator.

Extra Ecological Information

Larva predacious on Simulium larvae.

History of changes

• Clunio Haliday, A.H. 1855. Descriptions of insects figured, and references to plates illustrating the notes on Kerry insects. Natural History Review Proc. 2: 59-64 [62].

  Type species:

   Clunio marinus Haliday, 1855 by monotypy.

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Victoria

Extra Distribution Information

Hawaiian Ils, Western Samoa, American Samoa, Belau, Northern Marianas, Vanuatu, Ryukyus, Japan, Marshall Ils, Afrotropical, Oriental and Nearctic Regions.

IBRA

NSW, Vic: Australian Alps (AA), Flinders (FLI), Murray Darling Depression (MDD), Naracoorte Coastal Plain (NCP), NSW North Coast (NNC), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Coastal Plain (SCP), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Victorian Midlands (VM), Victorian Volcanic Plain (VVP)

Distribution References

General References

Ashe, P. 1983. A catalogue of chironomid genera and subgenera of the world including synonyms (Diptera: Chironomidae). Entomologica Scandinavica. Supplementum 17: 1-68 [17] (extralimital synonym)

Cranston, P.S. & Martin, J. 1989. 26. Family Chironomidae. pp. 252-274 in Evenhuis, N.L. (ed.). Catalog of the Diptera of the Australasian and Oceanian Regions. Honolulu and Leiden : Bishop Museum Press and E.J. Brill 1155 pp. [259] (common subsequent misspelling as Cluneo)

History of changes

• Clunio martini Hashimoto, H. 1973. Marine chironomids from Australia, with description of a new species of the genus Clunio (Diptera: Chironomidae). Bulletin of the Faculty of Education, Shizuoka University (Natural Sciences) 24: 1-17 [1].

  Type data:

   Holotype ANIC ♂ adult, Point Leo, VIC.
  Paratype(s) ANIC 5♂ 3♀ adults.

Distribution

States

Victoria

Extra Distribution Information

Australian Endemic.

IBRA

Vic: Australian Alps (AA), Flinders (FLI), Murray Darling Depression (MDD), Naracoorte Coastal Plain (NCP), South East Coastal Plain (SCP), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), Victorian Midlands (VM), Victorian Volcanic Plain (VVP)

Ecological Descriptors

Adult: volant.

Larva: marine.

Extra Ecological Information

Female apterus; larva in rock pools.

History of changes

• Clunio pacificus Edwards, F.W. 1926. On marine Chironomidae (Diptera); with descriptions of a new genus and four new species from Samoa. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 51: 779-806 [790].

  Type data:

   Syntype(s) BMNH 3♂ adults, Apia, Upolu Island, Samoa.

Distribution

States

New South Wales

Extra Distribution Information

Belau, Northern Marianas, Ryukyus.

IBRA

NSW: NSW North Coast (NNC), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ)

Ecological Descriptors

Larva: marine.

Extra Ecological Information

Adult: female apterous and lacking halteres, male volant; larva in rock pools.

General References

Freeman, P. 1961. The Chironomidae (Diptera) of Australia. Australian Journal of Zoology 9: 611-737 [637] (presence in Australia)

History of changes

• Compterosmittia Sæther, O.A. 1981. Orthocladiinae (Chironomidae: Diptera) from the British West Indies with descriptions of Antillocladius n. gen., Lipurometriocnemus n. gen., Compterosmittia n. gen., and Diplosmittia n. gen. Entomologica Scandinavica. Supplementum 16: 1-46 [20].

  Type species:

   Compterosmittia dentispina Sæther, 1981 by original designation.

Distribution

States

New South Wales

Extra Distribution Information

Bonin Is., Micronesia, Belau, Guam and Nearctic Region.

IBRA

NSW: NSW North Coast (NNC), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ)

Distribution References

History of changes

• Gymnometriocnemus pectinatus Freeman, P. 1961. The Chironomidae (Diptera) of Australia. Australian Journal of Zoology 9: 611-737 [662].

  Type data:

   Holotype USNM ♂ adult, Newport, NSW.
  Paratype(s) USNM 3♂ adults; BMNH 2♂ adults.

Generic Combinations

• Compterosmittia pectinata (Freeman, 1961). —
  Cranston, P.S. & Martin, J. 1989. 26. Family Chironomidae. pp. 252-274 in Evenhuis, N.L. (ed.). Catalog of the Diptera of the Australasian and Oceanian Regions. Honolulu and Leiden : Bishop Museum Press and E.J. Brill 1155 pp. [259]

Distribution

States

New South Wales

Extra Distribution Information

Australian Endemic.

IBRA

NSW: NSW North Coast (NNC), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ)

Ecological Descriptors

Adult: volant.

History of changes

• Corynoneura Winnertz, J. 1846. Beschreibung einiger neuen Gattungen aus der Ordnung der Zweiflügler. Stettiner Entomologische Zeitung 7: 11-20 [12].

  Type species:

   Corynoneura scutellata Winnerz, 1846 by subsequent designation, see Coquillett, D.W. 1910. The type-species of the North American genera of Diptera. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 37(=No. 1719): 499-647 [528].

Distribution

States

Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, Victoria, Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

New Zealand, widespread Holarctic, Afrotropical and Neotropical Regions.

IBRA

ACT, NSW, Vic, WA: South East Corner (SEC) ; ACT, Vic, WA: Australian Alps (AA), Avon Wheatbelt (AW), Esperance Plains (ESP), Flinders (FLI), Geraldton Sandplains (GS), Jarrah Forest (JF), Mallee (MAL), Murray Darling Depression (MDD), Naracoorte Coastal Plain (NCP), South East Coastal Plain (SCP), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), Swan Coastal Plain (SWA), Victorian Midlands (VM), Victorian Volcanic Plain (VVP), Warren (WAR), Yalgoo (YAL) ; NSW: NSW North Coast (NNC), Sydney Basin (SB), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ)

Distribution References

History of changes

• Corynoneura australiensis Freeman, P. 1961. The Chironomidae (Diptera) of Australia. Australian Journal of Zoology 9: 611-737 [673].

  Type data:

   Holotype ANIC ♂ adult, Blundell's, ACT.
  Paratype(s) ANIC ♀ adult, Blundell's, ACT.

Distribution

States

Australian Capital Territory

Extra Distribution Information

Known only from type locality.

Australian Endemic.

IBRA

ACT: Australian Alps (AA), South Eastern Highlands (SEH)

Ecological Descriptors

Adult: volant.

History of changes

• Ceratopogon imperfectus Skuse, F.A.A. 1889. Diptera of Australia. Part VI.—The Chironomidae. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 2 4: 215-311 [307].

  Type data:

   Holotype ANIC(MMUS) ♀ adult (specimen damaged when described), Middle Harbour, near Sydney, NSW
  Comment: Holotype female marked: “C. imperfectus female type, F. A. A. Skuse. Spaniotoma (Smittia) imperfectus (Skuse det. R. H. Schachton (?) Ceratopogon imperfectus Sk. Female. Type. N. B. This is a chironomid not a ceratopogonid – D. J. Lee 1946.” Ferrington & Saether 2011: 9.

Generic Combinations

• Pseudosmittia imperfecta (Skuse, 1889). —
  Freeman, P. 1961. The Chironomidae (Diptera) of Australia. Australian Journal of Zoology 9: 611-737 [668]
• Corynoneura imperfecta (Skuse, 1889). —
  Ferrington Jr, L.C. & Saether, O.A. 2011. A revision of the genera Pseudosmittia Edwards, 1932, Allocladius Kieffer, 1913, and Hydrosmittia gen. n. (Diptera: Chironomidae, Orthocladiinae). Zootaxa 2849: 1-314 [Date published April 2011] [9]

Distribution

States

New South Wales

Extra Distribution Information

Known only from type locality.

Australian Endemic.

IBRA

NSW: NSW North Coast (NNC), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ)

Ecological Descriptors

Adult: volant.

General References

Freeman, P. 1961. The Chironomidae (Diptera) of Australia. Australian Journal of Zoology 9: 611-737 [668] (as Pseudosmittia imperfecta (Skuse, 1889))

History of changes

• Corynoneura scutellata Winnertz, J. 1846. Beschreibung einiger neuen Gattungen aus der Ordnung der Zweiflügler. Stettiner Entomologische Zeitung 7: 11-20 [13].

  Type data:

   Holotype whereabouts unknown ♀ adult, locality unknown.

Distribution

States

Victoria, Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

Widespread Holarctic and Neotropical Regions.

IBRA

Vic, WA: Australian Alps (AA), Avon Wheatbelt (AW), Esperance Plains (ESP), Flinders (FLI), Geraldton Sandplains (GS), Jarrah Forest (JF), Mallee (MAL), Murray Darling Depression (MDD), Naracoorte Coastal Plain (NCP), South East Coastal Plain (SCP), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), Swan Coastal Plain (SWA), Victorian Midlands (VM), Victorian Volcanic Plain (VVP), Warren (WAR), Yalgoo (YAL)

Ecological Descriptors

Adult: volant.

Parthenogenetic.

General References

Edwards, D.H.D. & Colless, D.H. 1968. Some Australian parthenogenetic Chironomidae (Diptera). Journal of the Australian Entomological Society 7: 158-162 [160] (biology)

History of changes

Taxonomic Decision for Subgeneric Arrangement

• Ashe, P. 1983. A catalogue of chironomid genera and subgenera of the world including synonyms (Diptera: Chironomidae). Entomologica Scandinavica. Supplementum 17: 1-68 [19]
• Cranston, P.S. & Martin, J. 1989. 26. Family Chironomidae. pp. 252-274 in Evenhuis, N.L. (ed.). Catalog of the Diptera of the Australasian and Oceanian Regions. Honolulu and Leiden : Bishop Museum Press and E.J. Brill 1155 pp. [259]
• Cranston, P.S. & Krosch, M.N. 2015. DNA sequences and austral taxa indicate generic synonymy of Paratrichocladius Santos-Abreu with Cricotopus Wulp (Diptera: Chironomidae). Systematic Entomology 40(4): 719–732 (Paratrichocladius as subgenus)

Distribution

States

Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

Worldwide.

IBRA

ACT, NSW, NT, Qld, SA, Tas, Vic, WA: Australian Alps (AA), Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Riverina (RIV), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Wet Tropics (WT) ; ACT, NSW, NT, Qld, SA, Vic, WA: NSW North Coast (NNC), NSW South Western Slopes (NSS) ; ACT, NSW, NT, Qld, Vic, WA: Arnhem Plateau (ARP), Pine Creek (PCK), Warren (WAR) ; ACT, NSW, Qld, SA, Tas, Vic: Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Flinders Lofty Block (FLB), Kanmantoo (KAN), Naracoorte Coastal Plain (NCP), South East Coastal Plain (SCP), South East Corner (SEC), Tasmanian Central Highlands (TCH), Tasmanian West (TWE), Victorian Midlands (VM) ; ACT, NSW, SA, Vic: Broken Hill Complex (BHC), Cobar Peneplain (CP), Darling Riverine Plains (DRP), Eyre Yorke Block (EYB), Flinders (FLI), Gawler (GAW), Murray Darling Depression (MDD), Mulga Lands (ML), Nandewar (NAN), New England Tablelands (NET), Sydney Basin (SB), Victorian Volcanic Plain (VVP) ; NSW, NT, Qld, Vic, WA: Darwin Coastal (DAC), Pilbara (PIL) ; NT, Qld, WA: Gulf Fall and Uplands (GFU)

Other Regions

Lord Howe Island terrestrial & freshwater

Distribution References

General References

Drayson, N., Cranston, P.S. & Krosch, M.N. 2015. Taxonomic review of the chironomid genus Cricotopus v.d. Wulp (Diptera: Chironomidae) from Australia: keys to males, females, pupae and larvae, description of ten new species and comments on Paratrichocladius Santos Abreu. Zootaxa 3919(1): 1-40

History of changes

• Cricotopus Wulp, F.M. van der 1874. Dipterologische aanteekeningen. Tijdschrift voor Entomologie 17: 109-148 [132].

  Type species:

   Chironomus tibialis Meigen, 1804 by subsequent designation, see Coquillett, D.W. 1910. The type-species of the North American genera of Diptera. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 37(=No. 1719): 499-647 [528].
• Syncricotopus Brundin, L. 1956. Zur Systematik der Orthocladiinae (Dipt. Chironomidae). Report of the Freshwater Research Institute of Drottningholm 37: 1-185 [106].

  Type species:

   Chironomus rufiventris Meigen, 1830 by original designation.

Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy

• Krosch, M.N., Cranston, P.S., Baker, A.M. & Vink, S. 2015. Molecular data extend Australian Cricotopus midge (Chironomidae) species diversity, and provide a phylogenetic hypothesis for biogeography and freshwater monitoring. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society [Date published online 22 May 2015] [10]

Excluded Taxa

Misidentifications

CHIRONOMIDAE: Cricotopus (Cricotopus) albitibia (Walker, 1848)

Distribution

States

Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

Worldwide.

IBRA

ACT, NSW, NT, Qld, SA, Tas, Vic, WA: Australian Alps (AA), Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Riverina (RIV), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Wet Tropics (WT) ; ACT, NSW, NT, Qld, SA, Vic, WA: NSW North Coast (NNC), NSW South Western Slopes (NSS) ; ACT, NSW, NT, Qld, Vic, WA: Arnhem Plateau (ARP), Pine Creek (PCK), Warren (WAR) ; ACT, NSW, Qld, SA, Tas, Vic: Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Flinders Lofty Block (FLB), Kanmantoo (KAN), Naracoorte Coastal Plain (NCP), South East Coastal Plain (SCP), South East Corner (SEC), Tasmanian Central Highlands (TCH), Tasmanian West (TWE), Victorian Midlands (VM) ; ACT, NSW, SA, Vic: Broken Hill Complex (BHC), Cobar Peneplain (CP), Darling Riverine Plains (DRP), Eyre Yorke Block (EYB), Flinders (FLI), Gawler (GAW), Murray Darling Depression (MDD), Mulga Lands (ML), Nandewar (NAN), New England Tablelands (NET), Sydney Basin (SB), Victorian Volcanic Plain (VVP) ; NSW, NT, Qld, Vic, WA: Darwin Coastal (DAC), Pilbara (PIL) ; NT, Qld, WA: Gulf Fall and Uplands (GFU)

Other Regions

Lord Howe Island terrestrial & freshwater

Distribution References

History of changes

• Cricotopus acornis Drayson, N. & Cranston, P.S. in Drayson, N., Cranston, P.S. & Krosch, M.N. 2015. Taxonomic review of the chironomid genus Cricotopus v.d. Wulp (Diptera: Chironomidae) from Australia: keys to males, females, pupae and larvae, description of ten new species and comments on Paratrichocladius Santos Abreu. Zootaxa 3919(1): 1-40 [5] [nomen nudum; type depository omitted].

  Type data:

   Holotype ANIC ♂ (Reared adult male with associated larval and pupal exuviae), AUSTRALIA: NSW, Jindabyne, Rush's Ck., 12.xii.1987 (Cranston) [36°24'S 148°40'E].
  Paratype(s) ANIC (7 reared adult females with associated larval and pupal exuviae; 2 pupal exuviae), Same as holotype; ANIC (1 reared adult male with associated larval and pupal exuviae), AUSTRALIA: ACT: Pierce's Ck., Concrete Crossing, 23.i.1991 (Drayson) [35°20’S 148°56'E]; ANIC 1 ♀, AUSTRALIA: ACT: Corin Rd, Gibraltar Falls, 28.ix.1990 (Drayson) [35°28’S 148°55'E]; ANIC (2 reared adult females with associated larval and pupal exuviae; 1 reared adult females with associated pupal exuviae), AUSTRALIA: Vic: 10 km E. Mitta, Mitta R., 30.x.1989 (Cook) [36°32'S 147°25’E]; ANIC (1 reared adult male with associated larval and pupal exuviae), AUSTRALIA: Vic: Buckland R., 6.xi.1990 (Cranston, Cook & Nielsen) [36°48’S 146°51'E]; ANIC (1 pupal exuvia), AUSTRALIA: Vic: Cann R., 20.i.1989 (Cranston) [37°34’S 149°09'E].
• Cricotopus acornis Cranston, P.S. & Krosch, M.N. 2015. Nomenclatural corrections to Australian species of Cricotopus (Wulp) (Diptera; Chironomidae). Zootaxa 3980(2): 298–300 [298] [replacement name; type specimens deposited in ANIC].

Distribution

States

Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, Victoria

Extra Distribution Information

Australian Endemic.

IBRA

ACT, NSW, Vic: Australian Alps (AA), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Highlands (SEH)

History of changes

• Cricotopus albitarsis Drayson, N., Cranston, P.S. & Krosch, M.N. 2015. Taxonomic review of the chironomid genus Cricotopus v.d. Wulp (Diptera: Chironomidae) from Australia: keys to males, females, pupae and larvae, description of ten new species and comments on Paratrichocladius Santos Abreu. Zootaxa 3919(1): 1-40 [6] (authorship of name emended).

  Type data:

   Holotype ANIC ♂, AUSTRALIA, SA, Adelaide, Torrens Lake, 10.ii.1970 (Hergstrom).
  Paratype(s) ANIC 1 ♂ 1 ♀, Same as holotype.

  Secondary source:

   Cranston, P.S. & Krosch, M.N. 2015. Nomenclatural corrections to Australian species of Cricotopus (Wulp) (Diptera; Chironomidae). Zootaxa 3980(2): 298–300 [299].

Distribution

States

Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, Victoria, Western Australia

IBRA

ACT, NSW, NT, Qld, Vic, WA: Australian Alps (AA), Arnhem Plateau (ARP), Brigalow Belt South (BBS), NSW North Coast (NNC), Pine Creek (PCK), Riverina (RIV), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), Warren (WAR)

History of changes

• Orthocladius annuliventris Skuse, F.A.A. 1889. Diptera of Australia. Part VI.—The Chironomidae. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 2 4: 215-311 [255].

  Type data:

   Lectotype ANIC(MMUS) ♂ adult, Lawson, Blue Mountains, NSW.
  Paralectotype(s) ANIC(MMUS) ♂ adult.

  Subsequent designation references:

  Freeman, P. 1961. The Chironomidae (Diptera) of Australia. Australian Journal of Zoology 9: 611-737 [646]; Drayson, N., Cranston, P.S. & Krosch, M.N. 2015. Taxonomic review of the chironomid genus Cricotopus v.d. Wulp (Diptera: Chironomidae) from Australia: keys to males, females, pupae and larvae, description of ten new species and comments on Paratrichocladius Santos Abreu. Zootaxa 3919(1): 1-40 [8] (unnecessary designation, see Cranston & Krosch (2015)).

Generic Combinations

• Cricotopus (Cricotopus) annuliventris (Skuse, 1889). —
  Freeman, P. 1961. The Chironomidae (Diptera) of Australia. Australian Journal of Zoology 9: 611-737 [646]

Distribution

States

Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, South Australia, Victoria

Extra Distribution Information

Australian Endemic.

IBRA

ACT, NSW, SA, Vic: Australian Alps (AA), Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Broken Hill Complex (BHC), Cobar Peneplain (CP), Darling Riverine Plains (DRP), Eyre Yorke Block (EYB), Flinders Lofty Block (FLB), Flinders (FLI), Gawler (GAW), Kanmantoo (KAN), Murray Darling Depression (MDD), Mulga Lands (ML), Nandewar (NAN), Naracoorte Coastal Plain (NCP), New England Tablelands (NET), NSW North Coast (NNC), NSW South Western Slopes (NSS), Riverina (RIV), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Coastal Plain (SCP), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Victorian Midlands (VM), Victorian Volcanic Plain (VVP)

Ecological Descriptors

Adult: volant.

History of changes

• Cricotopus (Cricotopus) brevicornis Drayson, N., Cranston, P.S. & Krosch, M.N. 2015. Taxonomic review of the chironomid genus Cricotopus v.d. Wulp (Diptera: Chironomidae) from Australia: keys to males, females, pupae and larvae, description of ten new species and comments on Paratrichocladius Santos Abreu. Zootaxa 3919(1): 1-40 [10].

  Type data:

   Holotype ANIC ♂ (Male pupa), AUSTRALIA: NSW, Albury, Murray R., Waterworks, 21.xi.1989 (Cook) [36°07'S 146°54'E].
  Paratype(s) ANIC Various specimens, Various localities from Queensland, Northern Territory, New South Wales and Victoria
  Comment: Corresponding Author (P. Cranston) advised types are in ANIC, even though it is not clearly stated in the paper.

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, Victoria, Western Australia

IBRA

NSW, NT, Qld, Vic, WA: Darwin Coastal (DAC), NSW South Western Slopes (NSS), Pine Creek (PCK), Pilbara (PIL), Riverina (RIV), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Wet Tropics (WT)

History of changes

• Cricotopus (Cricotopus) conicornis Drayson, N., Cranston, P.S. & Krosch, M.N. 2015. Taxonomic review of the chironomid genus Cricotopus v.d. Wulp (Diptera: Chironomidae) from Australia: keys to males, females, pupae and larvae, description of ten new species and comments on Paratrichocladius Santos Abreu. Zootaxa 3919(1): 1-40 [11].

  Type data:

   Holotype ANIC ♂ (Reared adult male with associated larval and pupal exuviae), AUSTRALIA: ACT, Pierce's Ck. at Cotter, 23.ix.1991 (Drayson)(ANIC) [35°20'S 148°56'E].
  Paratype(s) ANIC Various specimens, Various localities from Queensland, New South Wales and ACT
  Comment: Corresponding Author (P. Cranston) advised types are in ANIC, even though it is not clearly stated in the paper.

Distribution

States

Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, Queensland, Tasmania, Victoria

IBRA

ACT, NSW, Qld, Tas, Vic: Australian Alps (AA), Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Tasmanian West (TWE), Wet Tropics (WT)

History of changes

• Cricotopus (Cricotopus) hillmani Drayson, N., Cranston, P.S. & Krosch, M.N. 2015. Taxonomic review of the chironomid genus Cricotopus v.d. Wulp (Diptera: Chironomidae) from Australia: keys to males, females, pupae and larvae, description of ten new species and comments on Paratrichocladius Santos Abreu. Zootaxa 3919(1): 1-40 [13].

  Type data:

   Holotype ANIC ♂ (Reared adult male with associated larval and pupal exuviae), AUSTRALIA: NSW: Shoalhaven R., Warri Bridge, 15.iii.1992 (Cranston) [35°21'S 149°44'E].
  Paratype(s) ANIC Various specimens, Various localities from New South Wales, ACT and Victoria
  Comment: Corresponding Author (P. Cranston) advised types are in ANIC, even though it is not clearly stated in the paper.

Distribution

States

Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria

IBRA

ACT, NSW, Qld, SA, Tas, Vic: Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Flinders Lofty Block (FLB), Kanmantoo (KAN), Riverina (RIV), South East Coastal Plain (SCP), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), Tasmanian Central Highlands (TCH), Tasmanian West (TWE), Wet Tropics (WT)

History of changes

• Cricotopus howensis Cranston, P.S. & Krosch, M.N. 2015. Nomenclatural corrections to Australian species of Cricotopus (Wulp) (Diptera; Chironomidae). Zootaxa 3980(2): 298–300 [298] (type locality given, ANIC) [replacement name; type depository given, ANIC].
• Cricotopus howensis Drayson, N. & Cranston, P.S. in Drayson, N., Cranston, P.S. & Krosch, M.N. 2015. Taxonomic review of the chironomid genus Cricotopus v.d. Wulp (Diptera: Chironomidae) from Australia: keys to males, females, pupae and larvae, description of ten new species and comments on Paratrichocladius Santos Abreu. Zootaxa 3919(1): 1-40 (type depository omitted) [nomen dubium].

  Type data:

   Holotype ANIC ♂ (Reared adult male with pupal exuviae), AUSTRALIA: Lord Howe Island, Rocky Run Ck., at coast, 30.xi.1993 (Cranston & Gullan) [31°33'S 159°05'E].
  Paratype(s) ANIC Various specimens, including larvae, pupae and exuviae, Same as holotype; ANIC (4 pupal exuviae), AUSTRALIA: Lord Howe Island, Erskine Valley, Erskine Ck., 2.xii.1993 (Cranston & Gullan) [31°34'S 159°04'E]; ANIC (2 pupal exuviae), AUSTRALIA: Lord Howe Island, upper Rocky Run Ck., 28.x.2012 (Cranston & Gullan) [31°33'S 159°05'E]
  Comment: Corresponding Author (P. Cranston) advised types are in ANIC, even though it is not clearly stated in the paper.

Distribution

States

New South Wales

Extra Distribution Information

Australian Endemic.

Other Regions

Lord Howe Island terrestrial & freshwater

History of changes

• Cricotopus parbicinctus Drayson, N., Cranston, P.S. & Krosch, M.N. 2015. Taxonomic review of the chironomid genus Cricotopus v.d. Wulp (Diptera: Chironomidae) from Australia: keys to males, females, pupae and larvae, description of ten new species and comments on Paratrichocladius Santos Abreu. Zootaxa 3919(1): 1-40 [15] (authorship of name emended).

  Type data:

   Holotype ANIC ♂, AUSTRALIA: SA: Mt Gambier, Leg of Mutton Lake, 26 Aug 1969 (Hergstrom).
  Paratype(s) ANIC 1 ♂ 1 ♀, AUSTRALIA: SA: Hindmarsh Falls, 4 Nov 1970 (Hergstrom).

Distribution

States

Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria

Extra Distribution Information

Australian Endemic.

IBRA

ACT, NSW, Qld, SA, Tas, Vic: Australian Alps (AA), Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Kanmantoo (KAN), Naracoorte Coastal Plain (NCP), Riverina (RIV), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Tasmanian Central Highlands (TCH), Victorian Midlands (VM)

History of changes

• Trichocladius pluriserialis Freeman, P. 1959. A study of the New Zealand Chironomidae (Diptera, Nematocera). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Entomol. 7: 393-437 [414].

  Type data:

   Holotype BMNH ♂ adult, R. Purau, Christchurch, New Zealand.

Generic Combinations

• Paratrichocladius pluriserialis (Freeman, 1959). —
  Hirvenoja, M. 1973. Revision der Gattung Cricotopus van der Wulp und ihrer Verwandten (Diptera, Chironomidae). Annales Zoologici Fennici 10: 1-363 [90]
• Cricotopus (Cricotopus) pluriserialis (Freeman, 1959). —
  Krosch, M.N., Cranston, P.S., Baker, A.M. & Vink, S. 2015. Molecular data extend Australian Cricotopus midge (Chironomidae) species diversity, and provide a phylogenetic hypothesis for biogeography and freshwater monitoring. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society [Date published online 22 May 2015]

Distribution

States

Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, Victoria

IBRA

ACT, NSW, Vic: Australian Alps (AA), Flinders (FLI), Murray Darling Depression (MDD), Naracoorte Coastal Plain (NCP), NSW North Coast (NNC), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Coastal Plain (SCP), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Victorian Midlands (VM), Victorian Volcanic Plain (VVP)

Ecological Descriptors

Adult: volant.

History of changes

• Cricotopus (Cricotopus) tasmania Drayson, N., Cranston, P.S. & Krosch, M.N. 2015. Taxonomic review of the chironomid genus Cricotopus v.d. Wulp (Diptera: Chironomidae) from Australia: keys to males, females, pupae and larvae, description of ten new species and comments on Paratrichocladius Santos Abreu. Zootaxa 3919(1): 1-40 [18].

  Type data:

   Holotype ANIC ♂, AUSTRALIA: Tas, Mt. Field NP, Rodway Hut, 1200m. 3.ii.1992 (Cranston) [42°41'S 146°34'E].
  Paratype(s) ANIC (10 pupal exuviae, 1 L/P and 2 larvae), Same as holotype; ANIC (3 pupal exuviae), AUSTRALIA: Tas: Lake St.Clair NP, Ranger Hut, Douglas Ck., 25.i.1990 (Cranston) [41°50'S 146°02'E]
  Comment: Corresponding Author (P. Cranston) advised types are in ANIC, even though it is not clearly stated in the paper.

Distribution

States

Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, Tasmania, Victoria

IBRA

ACT, NSW, Tas, Vic: Australian Alps (AA), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), Tasmanian Central Highlands (TCH), Tasmanian West (TWE)

History of changes

• Cricotopus varicornis Cranston, P.S. & Krosch, M.N. 2015. Nomenclatural corrections to Australian species of Cricotopus (Wulp) (Diptera; Chironomidae). Zootaxa 3980(2): 298–300 [299] (type depository given, ANIC) [replacement name].
• Cricotopus varicornis Drayson, N. & Cranston, P.S. in Drayson, N., Cranston, P.S. & Krosch, M.N. 2015. Taxonomic review of the chironomid genus Cricotopus v.d. Wulp (Diptera: Chironomidae) from Australia: keys to males, females, pupae and larvae, description of ten new species and comments on Paratrichocladius Santos Abreu. Zootaxa 3919(1): 1-40 [20] [nomen nudum].

  Type data:

   Holotype ♂ pupa, AUSTRALIA: ACT, Corin Rd, Gibraltar Falls [35°28'S 148°55'E].
  Paratype(s) various specimens, including larvae, pupae and exuviae, data as for holotype.

Distribution

States

Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales

IBRA

ACT, NSW: Riverina (RIV), South Eastern Highlands (SEH)

History of changes

• Cricotopus wangi Cranston, P.S. & Krosch, M.N. 2015. Nomenclatural corrections to Australian species of Cricotopus (Wulp) (Diptera; Chironomidae). Zootaxa 3980(2): 298–300 [299] [replacement name; type depository given, ANIC].
• Cricotopus wangi Drayson, N. & Cranston, P.S. in Drayson, N., Cranston, P.S. & Krosch, M.N. 2015. Taxonomic review of the chironomid genus Cricotopus v.d. Wulp (Diptera: Chironomidae) from Australia: keys to males, females, pupae and larvae, description of ten new species and comments on Paratrichocladius Santos Abreu. Zootaxa 3919(1): 1-40 [21] [nomen nudum; type depository omitted].

  Type data:

   Holotype ♂ (Reared adult male with associated larval and pupal exuviae), AUSTRALIA: NT, Litchfield NP, Wangi Falls [13°10'S 130°41'E].
  Paratype(s) various specimens, including larvae and exuviae, data as for holotype; AUSTRALIA: WA, Hamersley Range NP, Fortescue Falls, Circular Pool [22°28'S 118°33'E]; larvae, pupae, NT/Qld, Border Waterhole [18°37'S 137°59'E].

Distribution

States

Northern Territory, Queensland, Western Australia

IBRA

NT, Qld, WA: Arnhem Plateau (ARP), Darwin Coastal (DAC), Gulf Fall and Uplands (GFU), Pine Creek (PCK), Pilbara (PIL)

History of changes

• Paratrichocladius Santos Abreu, E. 1918. Ensayo de una monografia de los Tendipedidos de las Islas Canarias. Memorias de la Real Academia de Ciencias y Arts de Barcelona 14: 159-326 [204].

  Type species:

   Orthocladius tenuipes Becker, 1908 by subsequent designation, see Hirvenoja, M. 1973. Revision der Gattung Cricotopus van der Wulp und ihrer Verwandten (Diptera, Chironomidae). Annales Zoologici Fennici 10: 1-363 [88] (= Chironomus rufiventris Meigen, 1830).

Distribution

States

Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Victoria, Western Australia

History of changes

• Cricotopus (Paratrichocladius) australiensis Cranston, P.S. in Cranston, P.S. & Krosch, M.N. 2015. DNA sequences and austral taxa indicate generic synonymy of Paratrichocladius Santos-Abreu with Cricotopus Wulp (Diptera: Chironomidae). Systematic Entomology 40(4): 719–732 [724].

  Type data:

   Holotype ANIC Le/Pe/♂, Australia: Queensland, Atkinson's Dam, artificial stream [27°06'S 152°27'E].
  Paratype(s) ANIC numerous (also SAMA), as for holotype; South Australia, Mt Lofty Ranges and Murray Bridge; Victoria, melbourne; Western Australia, NSW; ACT.

Miscellaneous Literature Names

• Trichocladius pluriserialis Freeman, 1959 [as Paratrichocladius]. —
  Hergstrom, I. 1974. The taxonomy and general biology of some Southern Australian Chironomidae (Diptera: Nematocera). Unpublished Ph.D. thesis, University of Adelaide, Australia.

Distribution

States

Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Victoria, Western Australia

History of changes

• Cricotopus (Paratrichocladius) bifenestrus Cranston, P.S. in Cranston, P.S. & Krosch, M.N. 2015. DNA sequences and austral taxa indicate generic synonymy of Paratrichocladius Santos-Abreu with Cricotopus Wulp (Diptera: Chironomidae). Systematic Entomology 40(4): 719–732 [727].

  Type data:

   Holotype ANIC ♂, South Australia, Eric Bonython Res.
  Paratype(s) ANIC several specimens, as for holotype; NSW, Bimberamalla Creek; Victoria, Wodonga, Mitta Mitta, Grampians, Buckland River.

Miscellaneous Literature Names

• Paratrichocladius bifenestrus Hergstrom, 1974 [invalid ICZN,1985: Article 8a].

Distribution

States

New South Wales, South Australia, Victoria

History of changes

• Doloplastus Skuse, F.A.A. 1889. Diptera of Australia. Part VI.—The Chironomidae. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 2 4: 215-311 [260].

  Type species:

   Doloplastus monticola Skuse, 1889 by original designation.

Distribution

States

New South Wales

IBRA

NSW: NSW North Coast (NNC), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ)

History of changes

• Doloplastus monticola Skuse, F.A.A. 1889. Diptera of Australia. Part VI.—The Chironomidae. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 2 4: 215-311 [260].

  Type data:

   Syntype(s) ANIC(MMUS) ♀15♂ adults (in poor condition), Mount Kosciusko, NSW.

Distribution

States

New South Wales

Extra Distribution Information

Known only from type locality.

Australian Endemic.

IBRA

NSW: NSW North Coast (NNC), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ)

Ecological Descriptors

Adult: volant.

General References

Freeman, P. 1961. The Chironomidae (Diptera) of Australia. Australian Journal of Zoology 9: 611-737 [672] (taxonomy)

History of changes

• Echinocladius Cranston, P.S. 2000. Three new species of Chironomidae (Diptera) from the Australian Wet Tropics. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 46(1): 107-127 [109].

  Type species:

   Echinocladius martini Cranston, 2000 by original designation.

Distribution

States

Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, Queensland, Tasmania, Victoria

Extra Distribution Information

Australian Endemic.

IBRA

ACT, NSW, Qld, Tas, Vic: Australian Alps (AA), Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Ben Lomond (BEL), Broken Hill Complex (BHC), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Cobar Peneplain (CP), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Desert Uplands (DEU), Darling Riverine Plains (DRP), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), Flinders (FLI), King (KIN), Murray Darling Depression (MDD), Mulga Lands (ML), Nandewar (NAN), Naracoorte Coastal Plain (NCP), New England Tablelands (NET), NSW North Coast (NNC), NSW South Western Slopes (NSS), Riverina (RIV), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Coastal Plain (SCP), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Tasmanian Central Highlands (TCH), Tasmanian Northern Midlands (TNM), Tasmanian Northern Slopes (TNS), Tasmanian South East (TSE), Tasmanian Southern Ranges (TSR), Tasmanian West (TWE), Victorian Midlands (VM), Victorian Volcanic Plain (VVP), Wet Tropics (WT)

Diagnosis

Adult with kidney-shaped eye, thorax with well-developed antepronotum, lacking acrostichals, wing with R2+3 compressed between R1 and R4+5, tarsi with pulvilli, hypopygium with short bare anal point, with inferior volsella. Pupa lacks frontal setae, has mutiplied dorsocentral setae, carries dense fine spines on tergites and sternites, and the short anal lobe has macrosetae comprising 3 stout short spines. Larva purple in life, having large dilate Lauterborn organs, a 6-segmented antenna, simple, broadly lanceolate SI seta; pecten epipharyngis with 3 unfused rounded scales; mandible apical tooth shorter than combined width of 4 inner teeth; mentum with simple, broad median tooth with median nipple and 5 pairs of evenly decreasing lateral teeth.

History of changes

• Echinocladius martini Cranston, P.S. 2000. Three new species of Chironomidae (Diptera) from the Australian Wet Tropics. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 46(1): 107-127 [113].

  Type data:

   Holotype ANIC ♂ with associated larval and pupal exuviae (ix.1999, ex-wood surface, reared by P. Cranston in ANIC), ACT:Blundell’s Ck [35°22’S 148°50’E].
  Paratype(s) ANIC numerous pupal exuviae, pharate pupa, some larvae, some reared, QLD, NSW, ACT, VIC & TAS: many localities.

Distribution

States

Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, Queensland, Tasmania, Victoria

Extra Distribution Information

Australian Endemic.

IBRA

ACT, NSW, Qld, Tas, Vic: Central Mackay Coast (CMC), NSW North Coast (NNC), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Tasmanian Southern Ranges (TSR), Wet Tropics (WT)

Ecological Descriptors

Freshwater.

History of changes

• Eukiefferiella Thienemann, A. 1926. Hydrobiologische Untersuchungen an den kalten Quellen und Bächen der Halbinsel Jasmund auf Rugen. Archiv für Hydrobiologie 17: 221-331 [325].

  Type species:

   Dactylocladius longicalcar Kieffer, 1911 by original designation (misidentified, = Spaniotoma gracei Edwards, 1929).

Distribution

States

Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria

Extra Distribution Information

New Zealand, Palaearctic, Oriental, Afrotropical and Nearctic Regions.

IBRA

ACT, NSW, Qld, SA, Tas, Vic: Australian Alps (AA), Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Ben Lomond (BEL), Broken Hill Complex (BHC), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Cobar Peneplain (CP), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Desert Uplands (DEU), Darling Riverine Plains (DRP), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), Eyre Yorke Block (EYB), Flinders Lofty Block (FLB), Flinders (FLI), Gawler (GAW), Kanmantoo (KAN), King (KIN), Murray Darling Depression (MDD), Mulga Lands (ML), Nandewar (NAN), Naracoorte Coastal Plain (NCP), New England Tablelands (NET), NSW North Coast (NNC), NSW South Western Slopes (NSS), Riverina (RIV), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Coastal Plain (SCP), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Tasmanian Central Highlands (TCH), Tasmanian Northern Midlands (TNM), Tasmanian Northern Slopes (TNS), Tasmanian South East (TSE), Tasmanian Southern Ranges (TSR), Tasmanian West (TWE), Victorian Midlands (VM), Victorian Volcanic Plain (VVP), Wet Tropics (WT)

Other Regions

Lord Howe Island terrestrial & freshwater

Distribution References

History of changes

• Orthocladius insolida Skuse, F.A.A. 1889. Diptera of Australia. Part VI.—The Chironomidae. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 2 4: 215-311 [258].

  Type data:

   Holotype ANIC(MMUS) ♂ adult (damaged specimen), Middle Harbour, Sydney.

Generic Combinations

• Eukiefferiella insolida (Skuse, 1889). —
  Freeman, P. 1961. The Chironomidae (Diptera) of Australia. Australian Journal of Zoology 9: 611-737 [644]

Distribution

States

Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria

Extra Distribution Information

New Zealand

IBRA

ACT, NSW, Qld, SA, Tas, Vic: Australian Alps (AA), Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Ben Lomond (BEL), Broken Hill Complex (BHC), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Cobar Peneplain (CP), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Desert Uplands (DEU), Darling Riverine Plains (DRP), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), Eyre Yorke Block (EYB), Flinders Lofty Block (FLB), Flinders (FLI), Gawler (GAW), Kanmantoo (KAN), King (KIN), Murray Darling Depression (MDD), Mulga Lands (ML), Nandewar (NAN), Naracoorte Coastal Plain (NCP), New England Tablelands (NET), NSW North Coast (NNC), NSW South Western Slopes (NSS), Riverina (RIV), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Coastal Plain (SCP), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Tasmanian Central Highlands (TCH), Tasmanian Northern Midlands (TNM), Tasmanian Northern Slopes (TNS), Tasmanian South East (TSE), Tasmanian Southern Ranges (TSR), Tasmanian West (TWE), Victorian Midlands (VM), Victorian Volcanic Plain (VVP), Wet Tropics (WT)

Other Regions

Lord Howe Island terrestrial & freshwater

Ecological Descriptors

Adult: volant.

General References

Boothroyd, I.K.G. & Cranston, P.S. 1995. Two Orthocladiinae (Chironomidae) genera common to New Zealand and Australia: Pirara n. gen. and Eukiefferiella Thienemann. pp. 389-408 in Cranston, P.S. (ed.). Chironomids — from Genes to Ecosystems. Melbourne : CSIRO iii 482 pp. [399] (distribution)

History of changes

• Gymnometriocnemus Goetghebuer, M. 1932. Diptères Chironomidae IV (Orthocladiinae, Corynoneurinae, Clunioninae, Diamesinae). Faune de France 23: 1-204 [23] [originally introduced as a subgenus of Metriocnemus van der Wulp, 1874; nom. nud.; genus-group name proposed after 1930 without type-species designation, see Ashe, P. 1983. A catalogue of chironomid genera and subgenera of the world including synonyms (Diptera: Chironomidae). Entomologica Scandinavica. Supplementum 17: 1–68 (26); to maintain stability of nomenclature, the authors prefer to retain current authorship and date pending ruling by ICZN].

  Type species:

   Metriocnemus subnudus Edwards, 1929 by subsequent designation, see Edwards, F.W. 1932. Recent literature, Faune de France: 23; Diptères: Chironomidae iv par M. Goetghebuer. The Entomologist 65: 140-141 [141].

  Secondary source:

   Ashe, P. 1983. A catalogue of chironomid genera and subgenera of the world including synonyms (Diptera: Chironomidae). Entomologica Scandinavica. Supplementum 17: 1-68.

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Victoria

Extra Distribution Information

Australia: southern NSW; New Zealand, Holarctic and Afrotropical Regions.

IBRA

NSW, Vic: Australian Alps (AA), Flinders (FLI), Murray Darling Depression (MDD), Naracoorte Coastal Plain (NCP), NSW North Coast (NNC), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Coastal Plain (SCP), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Victorian Midlands (VM), Victorian Volcanic Plain (VVP)

Distribution References

History of changes

• Metriocnemus nitidulus Skuse, F.A.A. 1889. Diptera of Australia. Part VI.—The Chironomidae. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 2 4: 215-311 [276].

  Type data:

   Lectotype ANIC(MMUS) ♀ adult, Sydney, NSW.
  Paralectotype(s) ANIC(MMUS) 4♀ adults (number of specimens in type series not stated in original description).

  Subsequent designation references:

  Freeman, P. 1961. The Chironomidae (Diptera) of Australia. Australian Journal of Zoology 9: 611-737 [661].

Generic Combinations

• Gymnometriocnemus nitidulus (Skuse, 1889). —
  Freeman, P. 1961. The Chironomidae (Diptera) of Australia. Australian Journal of Zoology 9: 611-737 [661]

Distribution

States

New South Wales

Extra Distribution Information

Australian Endemic.

IBRA

NSW: NSW North Coast (NNC), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ)

Ecological Descriptors

Adult: volant.

History of changes

• Gymnometriocnemus wilsoni Freeman, P. 1961. The Chironomidae (Diptera) of Australia. Australian Journal of Zoology 9: 611-737 [661].

  Type data:

   Holotype NMV ♂ adult, Hamilton, VIC.

Distribution

States

Victoria

Extra Distribution Information

Known only from type locality.

Australian Endemic.

IBRA

Vic: Australian Alps (AA), Flinders (FLI), Murray Darling Depression (MDD), Naracoorte Coastal Plain (NCP), South East Coastal Plain (SCP), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), Victorian Midlands (VM), Victorian Volcanic Plain (VVP)

Ecological Descriptors

Adult: volant.

History of changes

• Kiefferophyes Freeman, P. 1961. The Chironomidae (Diptera) of Australia. Australian Journal of Zoology 9: 611-737 [663].

  Type species:

   Camptocladius invenustulus Skuse, 1889 by original designation.

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Tasmania, Victoria

IBRA

NSW, Tas, Vic: Australian Alps (AA), Ben Lomond (BEL), Flinders (FLI), King (KIN), Murray Darling Depression (MDD), Naracoorte Coastal Plain (NCP), NSW North Coast (NNC), Riverina (RIV), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Coastal Plain (SCP), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Tasmanian Central Highlands (TCH), Tasmanian Northern Midlands (TNM), Tasmanian Northern Slopes (TNS), Tasmanian South East (TSE), Tasmanian Southern Ranges (TSR), Tasmanian West (TWE), Victorian Midlands (VM), Victorian Volcanic Plain (VVP)

History of changes

• Camptocladius invenustulus Skuse, F.A.A. 1889. Diptera of Australia. Part VI.—The Chironomidae. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 2 4: 215-311 [265].

  Type data:

   Holotype ANIC(MMUS) ♀ adult, Knapsack Gully, Blue Mountains, NSW.

Generic Combinations

• Kiefferophyes invenustulus (Skuse, 1889). —
  Freeman, P. 1961. The Chironomidae (Diptera) of Australia. Australian Journal of Zoology 9: 611-737 [664]

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Tasmania, Victoria

IBRA

NSW, Tas, Vic: Australian Alps (AA), Ben Lomond (BEL), Flinders (FLI), King (KIN), Murray Darling Depression (MDD), Naracoorte Coastal Plain (NCP), NSW North Coast (NNC), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Coastal Plain (SCP), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Tasmanian Central Highlands (TCH), Tasmanian Northern Midlands (TNM), Tasmanian Northern Slopes (TNS), Tasmanian South East (TSE), Tasmanian Southern Ranges (TSR), Tasmanian West (TWE), Victorian Midlands (VM), Victorian Volcanic Plain (VVP)

Ecological Descriptors

Adult: volant.

General References

Kieffer, J.J. 1906. Diptera. Fam. Chironomidae. Genera Insectorum 42: 1-78 [24] (incorrect subsequent spelling as Camptocladius investulus Skuse, 1889)

History of changes

• Kiefferophyes leei Freeman, P. 1961. The Chironomidae (Diptera) of Australia. Australian Journal of Zoology 9: 611-737 [665].

  Type data:

   Holotype ANIC ♂ adult, Hornsby, NSW.

Distribution

States

New South Wales

Extra Distribution Information

Known only from type locality.

Australian Endemic.

IBRA

NSW: NSW North Coast (NNC), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ)

Ecological Descriptors

Adult: volant.

History of changes

• Kiefferophyes lobifer Freeman, P. 1961. The Chironomidae (Diptera) of Australia. Australian Journal of Zoology 9: 611-737 [664].

  Type data:

   Holotype BMNH ♂ adult, VIC (as Victoria).
  Paratype(s) NMV 8♂ adults.

Distribution

States

Victoria

Extra Distribution Information

Known only from 'Victoria' and Bogong Plains, Vic.

Australian Endemic.

IBRA

Vic: Murray Darling Depression (MDD), Riverina (RIV), Victorian Midlands (VM)

Ecological Descriptors

Adult: volant.

History of changes

• Limnophyes Eaton, A.E. 1875. Breves Dipterarum uniusque Lepidopterarum insulae Kerguelensi indigenarum diagnoses. Entomologist's Monthly Magazine 12: 58-61 [60].

  Type species:

   Limnophyes pusillus Eaton, 1875 by monotypy (= Chironomus minimus Meigen, 1818).

Distribution

States

Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

Afrotropical, Oriental, Neotropical, Palaearctic and Nearctic Regions.

IBRA

ACT, NSW, WA: Australian Alps (AA), Avon Wheatbelt (AW), Esperance Plains (ESP), Geraldton Sandplains (GS), Jarrah Forest (JF), Mallee (MAL), NSW North Coast (NNC), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Swan Coastal Plain (SWA), Warren (WAR), Yalgoo (YAL)

Distribution References

General References

Sæther, O.A. 1990. A review of the genus Limnophyes Eaton from the Holarctic and Afrotropical regions (Diptera: Chironomidae, Orthocladiinae. Entomologica Scandinavica. Supplementum 35: 1-139 [1] (taxonomy)

History of changes

• Camptocladius vestitus Skuse, F.A.A. 1889. Diptera of Australia. Part VI.—The Chironomidae. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 2 4: 215-311 [263].

  Type data:

   Lectotype ANIC(MMUS) ♀ adult, Elizabeth Bay, near Sydney, NSW.
  Paralectotype(s) ANIC(MMUS) ♀ adult.

  Subsequent designation references:

  Freeman, P. 1961. The Chironomidae (Diptera) of Australia. Australian Journal of Zoology 9: 611-737 [656].

Generic Combinations

• Limnophyes vestitus (Skuse, 1889). —
  Freeman, P. 1961. The Chironomidae (Diptera) of Australia. Australian Journal of Zoology 9: 611-737 [656]

Distribution

States

Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

Australian Endemic.

IBRA

ACT, NSW, WA: Australian Alps (AA), Avon Wheatbelt (AW), Esperance Plains (ESP), Geraldton Sandplains (GS), Jarrah Forest (JF), Mallee (MAL), NSW North Coast (NNC), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Swan Coastal Plain (SWA), Warren (WAR), Yalgoo (YAL)

Ecological Descriptors

Adult: volant.

Parthenogenetic.

General References

Edwards, D.H.D. & Colless, D.H. 1968. Some Australian parthenogenetic Chironomidae (Diptera). Journal of the Australian Entomological Society 7: 158-162 [158] (taxonomy, biology)

Forsyth, D.J. 1971. Some New Zealand Chironomidae (Diptera). Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand 1: 113-144 [121] (New Zealand record)

History of changes

• Metriocnemus Wulp, F.M. van der 1874. Dipterologische aanteekeningen. Tijdschrift voor Entomologie 17: 109-148 [136].

  Type species:

   Chironomus albolineatus Meigen, 1818 by subsequent designation, see Coquillett, D.W. 1910. The type-species of the North American genera of Diptera. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 37(=No. 1719): 499-647 [569].

Distribution

States

New South Wales

Extra Distribution Information

Afrotropical, Oriental, Palaearctic and Nearctic Regions.

IBRA

NSW: NSW North Coast (NNC), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ)

Distribution References

History of changes

• Metriocnemus hornsbyensis Freeman, P. 1961. The Chironomidae (Diptera) of Australia. Australian Journal of Zoology 9: 611-737 [657].

  Type data:

   Holotype ANIC ♂ adult, Hornsby, NSW.

Distribution

States

New South Wales

Extra Distribution Information

Known only from type locality.

Australian Endemic.

IBRA

NSW: NSW North Coast (NNC), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ)

Ecological Descriptors

Adult: volant.

History of changes

• Nasuticladius Freeman, P. 1961. The Chironomidae (Diptera) of Australia. Australian Journal of Zoology 9: 611-737 [650].

  Type species:

   Nausticladius tonnoiri Freeman, 1961 by original designation.

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Tasmania, Victoria

IBRA

NSW, Tas, Vic: Australian Alps (AA), Ben Lomond (BEL), Flinders (FLI), King (KIN), Murray Darling Depression (MDD), Naracoorte Coastal Plain (NCP), NSW North Coast (NNC), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Coastal Plain (SCP), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Tasmanian Central Highlands (TCH), Tasmanian Northern Midlands (TNM), Tasmanian Northern Slopes (TNS), Tasmanian South East (TSE), Tasmanian Southern Ranges (TSR), Tasmanian West (TWE), Victorian Midlands (VM), Victorian Volcanic Plain (VVP)

History of changes

• Nasuticladius ater Freeman, P. 1961. The Chironomidae (Diptera) of Australia. Australian Journal of Zoology 9: 611-737 [651].

  Type data:

   Holotype ANIC ♀ adult, Eaglehawk Neck, TAS.
  Paratype(s) ANIC 4♀ adults; BMNH 3♀ adults.

Distribution

States

Tasmania

Extra Distribution Information

Australian Endemic.

IBRA

Tas: Ben Lomond (BEL), Flinders (FLI), King (KIN), Tasmanian Central Highlands (TCH), Tasmanian Northern Midlands (TNM), Tasmanian Northern Slopes (TNS), Tasmanian South East (TSE), Tasmanian Southern Ranges (TSR), Tasmanian West (TWE)

Ecological Descriptors

Adult: volant.

History of changes

• Nasuticladius niger Freeman, P. 1961. The Chironomidae (Diptera) of Australia. Australian Journal of Zoology 9: 611-737 [651].

  Type data:

   Holotype ANIC ♂ adult, Eaglehawk Neck, TAS.

Distribution

States

Tasmania

Extra Distribution Information

Known only from type locality.

Australian Endemic.

IBRA

Tas: Ben Lomond (BEL), Flinders (FLI), King (KIN), Tasmanian Central Highlands (TCH), Tasmanian Northern Midlands (TNM), Tasmanian Northern Slopes (TNS), Tasmanian South East (TSE), Tasmanian Southern Ranges (TSR), Tasmanian West (TWE)

Ecological Descriptors

Adult: volant.

History of changes

• Nasuticladius tonnoiri Freeman, P. 1961. The Chironomidae (Diptera) of Australia. Australian Journal of Zoology 9: 611-737 [650].

  Type data:

   Holotype ANIC ♂ adult, Advent Bay, TAS.
  Paratype(s) ANIC ♀ adult; BMNH ♂ ♀ adults.

Distribution

States

Tasmania

Extra Distribution Information

Known only from Advent Bay and Zeehan, Tas.

Australian Endemic.

IBRA

Tas: Ben Lomond (BEL), Flinders (FLI), King (KIN), Tasmanian Central Highlands (TCH), Tasmanian Northern Midlands (TNM), Tasmanian Northern Slopes (TNS), Tasmanian South East (TSE), Tasmanian Southern Ranges (TSR), Tasmanian West (TWE)

Ecological Descriptors

Adult: volant.

History of changes

• Nasuticladius wilsoni Freeman, P. 1961. The Chironomidae (Diptera) of Australia. Australian Journal of Zoology 9: 611-737 [654].

  Type data:

   Holotype NMV ♂ adult, Walhalla, VIC.
  Paratype(s) NMV ♀ adult; BMNH ♂ adult.

Distribution

States

Victoria

Extra Distribution Information

Known only from Walhalla and Healesville, Vic.

Australian Endemic.

IBRA

Vic: Australian Alps (AA), Flinders (FLI), Murray Darling Depression (MDD), Naracoorte Coastal Plain (NCP), South East Coastal Plain (SCP), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), Victorian Midlands (VM), Victorian Volcanic Plain (VVP)

Ecological Descriptors

Adult: volant.

History of changes

• Nasuticladius wirthi Freeman, P. 1961. The Chironomidae (Diptera) of Australia. Australian Journal of Zoology 9: 611-737 [651].

  Type data:

   Holotype USNM ♂ adult, Colo Vale, NSW.
  Paratype(s) USNM ♀ adult.

Distribution

States

New South Wales

Extra Distribution Information

Australian Endemic.

IBRA

NSW: NSW North Coast (NNC), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ)

Ecological Descriptors

Adult: volant.

History of changes

• Nilothauma Kieffer, J.J. 1921. Synopse du tribu des Chironominariae (Diptera). Annales de la Société Scientifique de Bruxelles. Série B. Sciences Physiques et Naturelles 40: 269-277 [270].

  Type species:

   Nilothauma pictipenne Kieffer, 1921 by subsequent monotypy, see Kieffer, J.J. 1921. Chironomides de l'Afrique Équatoriale (1e partie). Annales de la Société Entomologique de France 90: 1-56.

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Northern Territory

Extra Distribution Information

Global except Antarctica.

IBRA

NSW, NT: Arnhem Coast (ARC), Central Arnhem (CA), Gulf Fall and Uplands (GFU), Gulf Coastal (GUC), Gulf Plains (GUP), NSW North Coast (NNC), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ)

History of changes

• Nilothauma adunatum Adam, J.I. & Sæther, O.A. 1999. Revision of the Genus Nilothauma Kieffer, 1921 (Diptera : Chironomidae). Entomologica Scandinavica. Supplementum 56: 1-107 [53].

  Type data:

   Holotype ANIC pharate pupa, NSW, south branch, Upper Tambo River.

Distribution

States

New South Wales

IBRA

NSW: NSW North Coast (NNC), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ)

Ecological Descriptors

Freshwater.

History of changes

• Nilothauma infissum Adam, J.I. & Sæther, O.A. 1999. Revision of the Genus Nilothauma Kieffer, 1921 (Diptera : Chironomidae). Entomologica Scandinavica. Supplementum 56: 1-107 [55].

  Type data:

   Holotype ANIC ♂ adult, NT, Radon Spring, Kakadu National Park [12°45'S 132°55'E].

Distribution

States

Northern Territory

IBRA

NT: Arnhem Coast (ARC), Central Arnhem (CA), Gulf Fall and Uplands (GFU), Gulf Coastal (GUC), Gulf Plains (GUP)

Ecological Descriptors

Freshwater.

History of changes

• Paralimnophyes Brundin, L. 1966. Transantarctic relationships and their significance, as evidenced by chironomid midges, with a monograph of the subfamilies Podonominae and Aphroteniinae and the austral Heptagyiae. Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Academiens Nya Handlingar, Stockholm 4 11(1): 1-416 [129].

  Type species:

   Camptocladius hydrophilus Goetghebuer, 1921 by original designation.

Distribution

States

Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

Palaearctic and Nearctic Regions.

IBRA

ACT, NSW, Tas, Vic, WA: Australian Alps (AA), Avon Wheatbelt (AW), Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Ben Lomond (BEL), Broken Hill Complex (BHC), Cobar Peneplain (CP), Darling Riverine Plains (DRP), Esperance Plains (ESP), Flinders (FLI), Geraldton Sandplains (GS), Jarrah Forest (JF), King (KIN), Mallee (MAL), Murray Darling Depression (MDD), Mulga Lands (ML), Nandewar (NAN), Naracoorte Coastal Plain (NCP), New England Tablelands (NET), NSW North Coast (NNC), NSW South Western Slopes (NSS), Riverina (RIV), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Coastal Plain (SCP), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Swan Coastal Plain (SWA), Tasmanian Central Highlands (TCH), Tasmanian Northern Midlands (TNM), Tasmanian Northern Slopes (TNS), Tasmanian South East (TSE), Tasmanian Southern Ranges (TSR), Tasmanian West (TWE), Victorian Midlands (VM), Victorian Volcanic Plain (VVP), Warren (WAR), Yalgoo (YAL)

Distribution References

History of changes

• Limnophyes albibasis Freeman, P. 1961. The Chironomidae (Diptera) of Australia. Australian Journal of Zoology 9: 611-737 [656].

  Type data:

   Holotype ANIC ♂ adult, National Park, NSW.
  Paratype(s) 22 adults (ANIC/USNM); BMNH 9 adults.

Generic Combinations

• Paralimnophyes albibasis (Freeman, 1961). —
  Cranston, P.S. & Martin, J. 1989. 26. Family Chironomidae. pp. 252-274 in Evenhuis, N.L. (ed.). Catalog of the Diptera of the Australasian and Oceanian Regions. Honolulu and Leiden : Bishop Museum Press and E.J. Brill 1155 pp. [262]

Distribution

States

Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, Tasmania

Extra Distribution Information

Australian Endemic.

IBRA

ACT, NSW, Tas: Australian Alps (AA), Ben Lomond (BEL), Flinders (FLI), King (KIN), NSW North Coast (NNC), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Tasmanian Central Highlands (TCH), Tasmanian Northern Midlands (TNM), Tasmanian Northern Slopes (TNS), Tasmanian South East (TSE), Tasmanian Southern Ranges (TSR), Tasmanian West (TWE)

Ecological Descriptors

Adult: volant.

History of changes

• Orthocladius pullulus Skuse, F.A.A. 1889. Diptera of Australia. Part VI.—The Chironomidae. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 2 4: 215-311 [259].

  Type data:

   Holotype ANIC(MMUS) ♀ adult, Sydney, NSW.

Generic Combinations

• Paralimnophyes pullulus (Skuse, 1889). —
  Freeman, P. 1961. The Chironomidae (Diptera) of Australia. Australian Journal of Zoology 9: 611-737 [655]

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Victoria, Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

Australian Endemic.

IBRA

NSW, Vic, WA: Australian Alps (AA), Avon Wheatbelt (AW), Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Broken Hill Complex (BHC), Cobar Peneplain (CP), Darling Riverine Plains (DRP), Esperance Plains (ESP), Flinders (FLI), Geraldton Sandplains (GS), Jarrah Forest (JF), Mallee (MAL), Murray Darling Depression (MDD), Mulga Lands (ML), Nandewar (NAN), Naracoorte Coastal Plain (NCP), New England Tablelands (NET), NSW North Coast (NNC), NSW South Western Slopes (NSS), Riverina (RIV), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Coastal Plain (SCP), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Swan Coastal Plain (SWA), Victorian Midlands (VM), Victorian Volcanic Plain (VVP), Warren (WAR), Yalgoo (YAL)

Ecological Descriptors

Adult: volant.

History of changes

• Parametriocnemus Goetghebuer, M. 1932. Diptères Chironomidae IV (Orthocladiinae, Corynoneurinae, Clunioninae, Diamesinae). Faune de France 23: 1-204 [22].

  Type species:

   Metriocnemus stylatus Kieffer, 1924 by monotypy.

Distribution

States

Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

Micronesia, Holarctic, Oriental and Afrotropical Regions.

IBRA

ACT, NSW, WA: Australian Alps (AA), Avon Wheatbelt (AW), Esperance Plains (ESP), Geraldton Sandplains (GS), Jarrah Forest (JF), Mallee (MAL), NSW North Coast (NNC), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Swan Coastal Plain (SWA), Warren (WAR), Yalgoo (YAL)

Distribution References

History of changes

• Metriocnemus ornaticornis Kieffer, J.J. 1917. Chironomides d'Australie conservés au Musée National Hongrois de Budapest. Annales Historico-Naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici (Zoologica) 15: 175-228 [225].

  Type data:

   Syntype(s) MNH 7♂ 14♀ adults (types lost, see Freeman, P. 1961. The Chironomidae (Diptera) of Australia. Australian Journal of Zoology 9: 611–737 [660]), Royal Botanic Gardens (as Jardin botanique), Sydney, NSW.

Generic Combinations

• Parametriocnemus ornaticornis (Kieffer, 1917). —
  Freeman, P. 1961. The Chironomidae (Diptera) of Australia. Australian Journal of Zoology 9: 611-737 [660]

Distribution

States

Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

Australian Endemic.

IBRA

ACT, NSW, WA: Australian Alps (AA), Avon Wheatbelt (AW), Esperance Plains (ESP), Geraldton Sandplains (GS), Jarrah Forest (JF), Mallee (MAL), NSW North Coast (NNC), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Swan Coastal Plain (SWA), Warren (WAR), Yalgoo (YAL)

Ecological Descriptors

Adult: volant.

History of changes

• Pirara Boothroyd, I.K.G. & Cranston, P.S. 1995. Two Orthocladiinae (Chironomidae) genera common to New Zealand and Australia: Pirara n. gen. and Eukiefferiella Thienemann. pp. 389-408 in Cranston, P.S. (ed.). Chironomids — from Genes to Ecosystems. Melbourne : CSIRO iii 482 pp. [391].

  Type species:

   Pirara matakiri Boothroyd & Cranston, 1995 by original designation.

Distribution

States

Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, Victoria

Extra Distribution Information

New Zealand.

IBRA

ACT, NSW, Vic: Australian Alps (AA), Flinders (FLI), Murray Darling Depression (MDD), Naracoorte Coastal Plain (NCP), NSW North Coast (NNC), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Coastal Plain (SCP), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Victorian Midlands (VM), Victorian Volcanic Plain (VVP)

Distribution References

History of changes

• Pirara australiensis Boothroyd, I.K.G. & Cranston, P.S. 1995. Two Orthocladiinae (Chironomidae) genera common to New Zealand and Australia: Pirara n. gen. and Eukiefferiella Thienemann. pp. 389-408 in Cranston, P.S. (ed.). Chironomids — from Genes to Ecosystems. Melbourne : CSIRO iii 482 pp. [397].

  Type data:

   Holotype ANIC ♂ adult (reared from larval stage), Rutherford Creek, Brown Mountain, NSW.
  Paratype(s) ANIC 49 pupal exuviae, 4 larvae, 4♀ 2♂ pharate, 1 ♀adult (reared from larva); NZAC 2 pupal exuviae; ZMBN 2 pupal exuviae.

Distribution

States

Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, Victoria

IBRA

ACT, NSW, Vic: Australian Alps (AA), Flinders (FLI), Murray Darling Depression (MDD), Naracoorte Coastal Plain (NCP), NSW North Coast (NNC), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Coastal Plain (SCP), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Victorian Midlands (VM), Victorian Volcanic Plain (VVP)

Ecological Descriptors

Adult: volant.

Larva: hygropetric.

Extra Ecological Information

Larva associated with hygropetric zones.

History of changes

• Pseudosmittia Goetghebuer, M. 1932. Diptères Chironomidae IV (Orthocladiinae, Corynoneurinae, Clunioninae, Diamesinae). Faune de France 23: 1-204 [126] [originally introduced as a subgenus of Smittia Holmgren, 1869; nom. nud.; genus-group name proposed after 1930 without type-species designation; to maintain stability of nomenclature the authors prefer to retain current authorship and date pending ruling by ICZN].

  Type species:

   Spaniotoma angusta Edwards, 1929 by subsequent designation, see Edwards, F.W. 1932. Recent literature, Faune de France: 23; Diptères: Chironomidae iv par M. Goetghebuer. The Entomologist 65: 140-141 [141].

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Queensland, Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

Cosmopolitan.

IBRA

NSW: NSW North Coast (NNC), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Corner (SEC) ; NSW, Qld: South Eastern Queensland (SEQ) ; WA: Northern Kimberley (NK)

Distribution References

History of changes

• Pseudosmittia latifurca Freeman, P. 1961. The Chironomidae (Diptera) of Australia. Australian Journal of Zoology 9: 611-737 [670].

  Type data:

   Holotype USNM ♂ adult, Narrabeen, NSW.
  Paratype(s) ANIC ♂ adult.

Distribution

States

New South Wales

Extra Distribution Information

Known only from Narrabeen and Careel Bay, NSW

Australian Endemic.

IBRA

NSW: NSW North Coast (NNC), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ)

Ecological Descriptors

Adult: volant.

History of changes

• Orthosmittia reyei Freeman, P. 1961. The Chironomidae (Diptera) of Australia. Australian Journal of Zoology 9: 611-737 [671].

  Type data:

   Holotype ANIC ♂ adult, Woody Island, QLD.

Generic Combinations

• Pseudosmittia reyei (Freeman, 1961). —
  Ferrington Jr, L.C. & Saether, O.A. 2011. A revision of the genera Pseudosmittia Edwards, 1932, Allocladius Kieffer, 1913, and Hydrosmittia gen. n. (Diptera: Chironomidae, Orthocladiinae). Zootaxa 2849: 1-314 [Date published April 2011] [184]
• Smittia reyei (Freeman, 1961). —
  Cranston, P.S. & Martin, J. 1989. 26. Family Chironomidae. pp. 252-274 in Evenhuis, N.L. (ed.). Catalog of the Diptera of the Australasian and Oceanian Regions. Honolulu and Leiden : Bishop Museum Press and E.J. Brill 1155 pp. [263]

Distribution

States

Queensland

Extra Distribution Information

Known only from type locality.

Australian Endemic.

IBRA

Qld: South Eastern Queensland (SEQ)

Ecological Descriptors

Adult: volant.

General References

Cranston, P.S. & Martin, J. 1989. 26. Family Chironomidae. pp. 252-274 in Evenhuis, N.L. (ed.). Catalog of the Diptera of the Australasian and Oceanian Regions. Honolulu and Leiden : Bishop Museum Press and E.J. Brill 1155 pp. [263] (as Smittia reyei (Freeman, 1961))

History of changes

• Pseudosmittia tericristata Ferrington Jr, L.C. & Saether, O.A. 2011. A revision of the genera Pseudosmittia Edwards, 1932, Allocladius Kieffer, 1913, and Hydrosmittia gen. n. (Diptera: Chironomidae, Orthocladiinae). Zootaxa 2849: 1-314 [Date published April 2011] [171].

  Type data:

   Holotype ANIC male (12–16.vi.1988, T. A. Weir), AUSTRALIA: Western Australia, 4 km w. King Cascade, campsite [15.380S 125.150E].

Distribution

States

Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

Known only from type locality.

Australian Endemic.

IBRA

WA: Northern Kimberley (NK)

History of changes

• Rhinocladius Edwards, F.W. 1931. Chironomidae. Diptera of Patagonia South Chile 2: 233-331 [268].

  Type species:

   Rhinocladius culicinus Edwards, 1931 by original designation.

Distribution

States

Tasmania, Victoria

Extra Distribution Information

Neotropical Region.

IBRA

Tas, Vic: Australian Alps (AA), Ben Lomond (BEL), Flinders (FLI), King (KIN), Murray Darling Depression (MDD), Naracoorte Coastal Plain (NCP), South East Coastal Plain (SCP), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), Tasmanian Central Highlands (TCH), Tasmanian Northern Midlands (TNM), Tasmanian Northern Slopes (TNS), Tasmanian South East (TSE), Tasmanian Southern Ranges (TSR), Tasmanian West (TWE), Victorian Midlands (VM), Victorian Volcanic Plain (VVP)

Distribution References

History of changes

• Rhinocladius tonnoiri Freeman, P. 1961. The Chironomidae (Diptera) of Australia. Australian Journal of Zoology 9: 611-737 [662].

  Type data:

   Holotype ANIC ♂ adult, Mount Wellington, TAS.
  Paratype(s) NMV ♂ adult; BMNH ♂ adult.

Distribution

States

Tasmania, Victoria

Extra Distribution Information

Australian Endemic.

IBRA

Tas, Vic: Australian Alps (AA), Ben Lomond (BEL), Flinders (FLI), King (KIN), Murray Darling Depression (MDD), Naracoorte Coastal Plain (NCP), South East Coastal Plain (SCP), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), Tasmanian Central Highlands (TCH), Tasmanian Northern Midlands (TNM), Tasmanian Northern Slopes (TNS), Tasmanian South East (TSE), Tasmanian Southern Ranges (TSR), Tasmanian West (TWE), Victorian Midlands (VM), Victorian Volcanic Plain (VVP)

Ecological Descriptors

Adult: volant.

History of changes

• Semiocladius Sublette, J.E. & Wirth, W.W. 1980. The Chironomidae and Ceratopogonidae (Diptera) of New Zealand's Subantarctic islands. New Zealand Journal of Zoology 7: 299-378 [318].

  Type species:

   Camptocladius crassipennis Skuse, 1889 by original designation.

Distribution

States

New South Wales

Extra Distribution Information

Belau, Micronesia, New Zealand and Japan, Clyde River estuary, south-east Australia, Lord Howe Island, western Pacific .

IBRA

NSW: NSW North Coast (NNC), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ)

IMCRA

Lord Howe Province (14)

Other Regions

Lord Howe Island terrestrial & freshwater

Distribution References

History of changes

• Camptocladius crassipennis Skuse, F.A.A. 1889. Diptera of Australia. Part VI.—The Chironomidae. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 2 4: 215-311 [264].

  Type data:

   Lectotype ANIC(MMUS) ♀ adult, Rodd Island, Port Jackson (Sydney), NSW.
  Paralectotype(s) ANIC(MMUS) 3♀ adults.

  Subsequent designation references:

  Freeman, P. 1961. The Chironomidae (Diptera) of Australia. Australian Journal of Zoology 9: 611-737 [670].

Generic Combinations

• Semiocladius crassipennis (Skuse, 1889). —
  Sublette, J.E. & Wirth, W.W. 1980. The Chironomidae and Ceratopogonidae (Diptera) of New Zealand's Subantarctic islands. New Zealand Journal of Zoology 7: 299-378 [318]

Distribution

States

New South Wales

Extra Distribution Information

Australian Endemic.

IBRA

NSW: NSW North Coast (NNC), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ)

IMCRA

Lord Howe Province (14)

Other Regions

Lord Howe Island terrestrial & freshwater

Ecological Descriptors

Adult: volant.

Larva: estuary, saline/mesohaline.

Marine.

History of changes

• Smittia Holmgren, A.E. 1869. Bidrag till kännedomen om Beeren Eilands och Spetsbergens insekt-fauna. Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Academiens Nya Handlingar, Stockholm 8 8: 1-56 [47].

  Type species:

   Chironomus brevipennis Boheman, 1866 by monotypy.
• Orthosmittia Goetghebuer, M. 1943. [A. Die Imagines]. [part] in Goetghebuer, M. & Lenz, F. Tendipedidae (Chironomidae). f) Subfamilie Orthocladiinae [part]. Fliegen der Palaearktischen Region. Stuttgart 13g: 65-112 [110] [originally introduced as a subgenus of Smittia Holmgren, 1869].

  Type species:

   Orthocladius brevifurcatus Edwards, 1926 by original designation.

Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy

• Cranston, P.S. & Martin, J. 1989. 26. Family Chironomidae. pp. 252-274 in Evenhuis, N.L. (ed.). Catalog of the Diptera of the Australasian and Oceanian Regions. Honolulu and Leiden : Bishop Museum Press and E.J. Brill 1155 pp. [263]

Distribution

States

Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, Queensland, Tasmania, Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

New Zealand, Afrotropical, Oriental and Holarctic Regions (including Japan).

IBRA

ACT, NSW, Qld, Tas, WA: Australian Alps (AA), Avon Wheatbelt (AW), Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Ben Lomond (BEL), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Desert Uplands (DEU), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), Esperance Plains (ESP), Flinders (FLI), Geraldton Sandplains (GS), Jarrah Forest (JF), King (KIN), Mallee (MAL), NSW North Coast (NNC), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Swan Coastal Plain (SWA), Tasmanian Central Highlands (TCH), Tasmanian Northern Midlands (TNM), Tasmanian Northern Slopes (TNS), Tasmanian South East (TSE), Tasmanian Southern Ranges (TSR), Tasmanian West (TWE), Warren (WAR), Wet Tropics (WT), Yalgoo (YAL)

Distribution References

History of changes

• Chironomus aterrimus Meigen, J.W. 1818. Systematische Beschreibung der bekannten europäischen zweiflügeligen Insekten. Erster Theil. Aachen : F.W. Forstmann xxxvi 332 pp. [47].

  Type data:

   Status unknown, whereabouts unknown, Germany.
• Camptocladius macleayi Skuse, F.A.A. 1889. Diptera of Australia. Part VI.—The Chironomidae. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 2 4: 215-311 [266].

  Type data:

   Lectotype ANIC(MMUS) ♂ adult, Sydney, NSW.
  Paralectotype(s) ANIC(MMUS) ♀ adult (number of specimens in type series not stated in original description).

  Subsequent designation references:

  Freeman, P. 1961. The Chironomidae (Diptera) of Australia. Australian Journal of Zoology 9: 611-737 [666].

Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy

• Freeman, P. 1961. The Chironomidae (Diptera) of Australia. Australian Journal of Zoology 9: 611-737 [665]

Generic Combinations

• Smittia aterrima (Meigen, 1818). —
  Brundin, L. 1956. Zur Systematik der Orthocladiinae (Dipt. Chironomidae). Report of the Freshwater Research Institute of Drottningholm 37: 1-185 [146]

Distribution

States

Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, Queensland, Tasmania, Western Australia

IBRA

ACT, NSW, Qld, Tas, WA: Australian Alps (AA), Avon Wheatbelt (AW), Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Ben Lomond (BEL), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Desert Uplands (DEU), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), Esperance Plains (ESP), Flinders (FLI), Geraldton Sandplains (GS), Jarrah Forest (JF), King (KIN), Mallee (MAL), NSW North Coast (NNC), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Swan Coastal Plain (SWA), Tasmanian Central Highlands (TCH), Tasmanian Northern Midlands (TNM), Tasmanian Northern Slopes (TNS), Tasmanian South East (TSE), Tasmanian Southern Ranges (TSR), Tasmanian West (TWE), Warren (WAR), Wet Tropics (WT), Yalgoo (YAL)

Ecological Descriptors

Adult: volant.

Extra Ecological Information

Often observed in immense clouds towards evening.

General References

Freeman, P. 1961. The Chironomidae (Diptera) of Australia. Australian Journal of Zoology 9: 611-737 [665] (taxonomy)

History of changes