Species Howardia biclavis (Comstock, 1883)

Museums

Regional Maps

• Chionaspis biclavis Comstock, J.H. 1883. Second report on scale insects, including a monograph of the sub-family Diaspidinae of the family Coccidae and a list, with notes of the other species of scale insects found in North America. Cornell University Agricultural Experimental Station, Department of Entomology Report 2: 47-142 [98-100] [illustration].

  Type data:

   Syntype(s) USNM No. 795, Washington D.C.

  Type host:

   Diospyros ebenum J. König Ex Retz. [EBENACEAE] (and Ficus laurifolia, Tamarindus sp.)

 

Distribution

States

Queensland

Extra Distribution Information

Brisbane; Cleveland; Kuranda; Mareeba; Ormiston; Rockhampton; Southedge; Victoria Pt; South Pacific; West Indies.

IBRA and IMCRA regions

drainage basins and coastal and oceanic zones

IBRA

Qld: Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Desert Uplands (DEU), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), NSW North Coast (NNC), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Wet Tropics (WT)

Original AFD Distribution Data

Afrotropical Region

• Mauritius

Australian Region

• Australia
  • Queensland: NE coastal
• Federated States of Micronesia
• Hawaii
• Papua New Guinea

Nearctic Region

• Mexico
• United States of America

Neotropical Region

• Cuba

Oriental Region

• Sri Lanka
• Taiwan

Palaearctic Region

• Ireland
• Japan
• United Kingdom
  • England

Ecological Descriptors

Sap-feeder (associated flora: Annona squamosa L. [ANNONACEAE] Sugar Apple; Coffea arabica L. [RUBIACEAE] apple; Litchi chinensis Sonn. [SAPINDACEAE] lychee; Annona sp. [ANNONACEAE]; Ficus carica L. [MORACEAE]; Ochna sp. [OCHNACEAE]; Wisteria chinensis DC. [FABACEAE]; Persea americana Miller [LAURACEAE]; Malus sylvestris Mill. [ROSACEAE]; Ligustrum sp. [OLEACEAE]).

 

General References

Beardsley, J.W. 1966. Insects of Micronesia. Homoptera: Coccoidea. Insects of Micronesia 6: 377-562 [533] (as Howardia bivlavis)

Brimblecombe, A.R. 1962. Studies of the Coccoidea. 12. Species occurring on deciduous fruit and nut trees in Queensland. Queensland Journal of Agricultural Science 19: 219-229 [223] (as Howardia biclavis)

Fernald, M.E. 1903. A catalogue of the Coccidae of the world. Bulletin of the Hatch Experiment Station of the Massachusetts Agricultural College 88: 1-360 [227] (as Howardia biclavis)

Green, E.E. 1896. Catalogue of Coccidae collected in Ceylon. Indian Museum Notes 4: 2-10 [2] (as Chionaspis biclavis)

Houser, J.S. 1918. The Coccidae of Cuba. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 11: 157-172 [160-161] (as Howardia biclavis)

Howell, J.O., Beshear, R.J. & Tippins, H.H. 1986. Description of first instars of type-species of the nominal genera of three subtribes of the Diaspidini. Journal of Entomological Science 21(1): 1-9 [1-3] (as Howardia biclavis; first stage—description, illustration)

Kuwana, I. 1926. The diaspine Coccidae of Japan, IV. Genera Cryptoparlatoria, Howardia, Sasakiaspis, Diaspis, Aulacaspis, Pinnaspis and Prontaspis. Imperial Plant Quarantine Service Technical Bulletin 4: 1-44, 12 pls, 1 fig. [4-6] (as Howardia biclavis; description; illustration)

MacGillivray, A.D. 1921. The Coccidae. Tables for the identification of the subfamilies and some of the more important genera and species together with discussions of their anatomy and life history. Urbana, Illinois : Scarab Company vi 502 pp. [362-363] (as Howardia biclavis)

Takagi, S. 1970. Diaspididae of Taiwan based on material collected in connection with the Japan-U.S. Co-operative Science Programme, 1965 (Homoptera: Coccoidea) Part 2. Insecta Matsumurana 33: 1-146 [32] (as Howardia biclavis; description)

Williams, D.J. & Watson, G.W. 1988. The Scale Insects of the Tropical South Pacific Region. Part 1. The armoured scales (Diaspididae). London : CAB International Institute of Entomology 290 pp. [137-140] (as Howardia biclavis)

 

History of changes

Published	As part of group	Action Date	Action Type	Compiler(s)
14-Dec-2022	DIASPIDIDAE	29-May-2023	MODIFIED
29-Mar-2018	COCCOIDEA	29-May-2023	MODIFIED
29-Mar-2018	DIASPIDIDAE	29-May-2023	MODIFIED
29-Mar-2018		29-May-2023	MODIFIED
21-Nov-2012		29-May-2023	MODIFIED
29-Jun-2012		29-May-2023	MODIFIED
		29-May-2023	MODIFIED